蔬菜中31种农药残留量的气相色谱测定*

 介绍了蔬菜中19种有机磷、12种拟除虫菊酯共31种农药残留量的测定方法。样品中残留的农药经提取后分取乙腈相2份,其中1份浓缩后注入气相色谱仪中,经毛细管柱分离,用火焰光度检测器（FPD）同时测定19种有机磷类农药残留量;第2份样液经弗罗里硅土固相萃取小柱（SPE）净化后注入气相色谱仪中,经毛细管柱分离,电子捕获检测器（ECD）同时测定12种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留量。在青椒中添加农药浓度为0.05～0.20mg/kg时,31种农药的平均回收率为74.20%～103.5%,相对标准偏差0.48%～16.0%,方法检出限0.001～0.020mg/kg。方法具有操作简单、分析速度快、准确度和精密度高等优点     

菠萝变温压差膨化干燥前后的理化性质分析

利用变温压差果蔬膨化干燥技术,对菠萝处理前后的理化性质进行了对比分析。结果表明,变温压差膨化干燥处理前后的菠萝脆片,其理化性质发生了变化。膨化产品的硬度、脆度变大,糖浸渍处理对菠萝脆片的护色作用明显,但对膨化产品的微观结构影响不大。     

不同加工工艺对杜仲茶品质的影响

研究了不同工艺对杜仲荼品质的影响.感官审评结果表明,杜仲茶感官品质差异明显,体现了绿茶、乌龙茶和红茶的基本品质特征.色差分析结果显示,按照杜仲绿茶-杜仲乌龙荼-杜仲红茶顺序,干茶和茶汤的L*值减少.a*值增加.干茶b*值降低,茶汤b*值升高,干茶和茶汤的色相角(Ha*b*)减小.杜仲茶各色泽指标间的差异均达到显著水平.对主要化学成分进行了分析,结果表明,按照杜仲绿茶-杜仲乌龙茶-杜仲红茶顺序,绿源酸、黄酮、氨基酸、可溶性糖、叶绿素a、总叶绿素、水浸出物等成分的含量减少,且不同工艺问差异显著,而可溶性蛋白质、叶绿素b和粗纤维含量变化不大.     

一例猪致病性大肠杆菌病的诊断

大肠杆菌的血清型有近千种,致病性大肠杆菌也有173种之多,不同地区和养殖场流行的血清型均不相同。猪感染大肠杆菌病后主要表现为     

整板结构的古筝共鸣面板振动模态的研究

[目的]古筝的演奏效果除了与演奏者的技艺有关,与古筝本身的结构也有密不可分的联系.其中共鸣面板接收琴弦的振动并引起共振发声,是古筝发声过程中至关重要的一部分.本研究以整板结构古筝共鸣面板为研究对象,利用不同分析方法探讨其声学振动性能.[方法]采用ZSDASP信号采集分析软件对整板结构共鸣面板进行实验模态分析,得出各阶次...     

Identification of resistance gene analogue markers closely linked to wheat powdery mildew resistance gene Pm31

Specific oligonucleotide primers, designed for the sequences of known plant disease resistance genes, were used to amplify resistance gene analogues (RGAs) from wheat genomic DNA. This method was applied in a bulked segregant analysis to screen for the RGA markers linked to the powdery mildew resistance gene Pm31, introgressed into common wheat from wild emmer. Two RGA markers (RGA200 and RGA390) were found to be closely linked to Pm31 and completely co‐segregating with the marker allele of Xpsp3029 linked to Pm31, with a genetic distance of 0.6 cM. These two RGA markers were then integrated into the formerly established microsatellite map of Pm31 region. The result showed the effectiveness of the RGA approach for developing molecular markers linked to disease resistance genes and demonstrated the efficiency of denaturing polyacrylamide‐gel electrophoresis for detecting polymerase chain reaction polymorphism.     

海兰褐商品蛋雏鸡毛源性上皮细胞癌病理学诊断

针对目前山东省出现的某些商品蛋雏鸡皮肤增生、结痂为特征的致死性皮肤病,进行了流行病学调查、剖检、病理组织学及免疫组织化学检测.结果显示:该病仪在某场家、某批次的海兰褐商品蛋雏鸡中发现,多在5日龄左右发现病变,病程1月左右,病鸡最终衰竭死亡,发病率1%～10%不等;病初可见皮肤多发性黄色结节,随后结节融合,导致皮肤增厚、结痂,内脏器官无肉眼可见肿瘤病变;病理组织学观察,真皮层存在不同分化状态的毛囊样瘤细胞集团,瘤细胞有明显的异型性,病灶呈浸润性生长,侵犯神经及真皮下肌肉组织,伴有肌样纤维结缔组织大量增生;病变部皮肤表皮细胞显著增生,增生的基底细胞也有一定的异型性;免疫组化检测,肿瘤细胞呈广谱细胞角蛋白(CK)阳性;波形蛋白(Vim)、高分子量细胞角蛋白(CKHMW)、低分子量细胞角蛋白(CKLMW)、P53、Ki-67阴性;真皮层增生的肌样纤维结缔组织主要为平滑肌.该皮肤肿瘤初步诊断为毛源性上皮细胞恶性肿瘤.     

丛枝菌根真菌对大豆不同水分条件的适应性研究

采用沙培基质试验，以大豆(Glycine max(L.) Merr)为宿主植物研究了4个AM菌株(Glomus versiforme 1、Glomus mosseae 93、Glomus diaphanum和Glomus versiforme 2)在3个基质相对含水率处理(25％、50％、80％)下的适应性。结果表明：①Glomus mosseae 93、Glomus diaphanum和Glomus versiforme 2在50％基质相对含水率时的侵染率高于25％处理，80％时最低。而Glomus versiforme 1菌株侵染率则随着基质含水率的增加而增加；②4个菌株菌丝量在50％时均高于25％水分处理，80％时略有下降，但下降程度不同；③Glomus mosseae 93在3个基质含水率处理下，侵染率和菌丝量均保持在较高水平，说明该菌株能适应较大幅度的基质含水率变化；④接种4个AM菌株均可以降低大豆植株叶片的萎蔫系数和水势，改善植株的水分状况，提高植株的水分利用效率，从而增加植株地上部干重；⑤试验还说明，除供试4个菌株之间的区别外，来自不同地域的菌株对基质水分的适应性也有很大差别。     

Effects of curcumin analogue L6H4 on myocardial tissue of type 2 diabetic rats

AIM: To explore the effects of curcumin analogue L6H4 on the myocardial tissue of type 2 diabetic rats and its mechanism. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC) group, high-fat (HF) group, high-fat treatment (FT) group, diabetes mellitus (DM) group and diabetes treatment (DT) group.The rats in the latter 4 groups were fed high-fat diet for 4 weeks, then the rats in DM groups and DT groups were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce type 2 diabetes, while the rats in FT group and DT group were given L6H4. The blood glucose and lipid levels were detected by biochemical method, and serum adiponectin (APN) levels were detected by ELISA. The serum insulin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated. The morphological changes of myocardium were observed by Masson staining and electron microscopy. The protein expression of adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1) in myocardial tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry. The protein expression of adipoR1 was also detected by Western blot for verification. RESULTS: Compared with NC group, the blood glucose, lipids, insulin, HOMA-IR and TGF-β1 were increased in HF and DM group, but they were decreased after treated with L6H4. Compared with NC group, the concentration of serum APN were decreased and the expression of AdipoR1 in the myocardium were weakened in HF group and DM group, and they increased after treated with L6H4. The myocardial fibrosis was obvious in HF group and DM group, the mitochondria in cardiomyocytes expanded, and the cristae disordered, partial disappeared. These lesions were significantly reduced after L6H4 treatment. CONCLUSION: L6H4 exerts a protective effect on the heart in type 2 diabetic rats. The increased concentration of serum APN, the enhanced expression of AdipoR1, and the expression of TGF-β1 inhibited by APN may be involved in the mechanism of protection.     

日本沼虾4种群肌肉营养品质的比较

4个种群日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponensis)于2001年8月分别取自太湖、洪泽湖、广西南宁3地天然水域及浙江德清养殖种群。肌肉营养成分测定结果表明,养殖种群的粗蛋白含量为(15.83±0.32)％(质量分数),显著低于3个野生种群(P<0.05),而粗脂肪质量分数为(1.37±0.02)％显著高于野生种群(P<0.05)。3个野生种群中洪泽湖种群鲜味氨基酸含量最高;但太湖种群粗蛋白含量(17.71±0.38)％最高,必需氨基酸组成最为均衡,且单不饱和脂肪酸总量和多不饱和脂肪酸总量均为最高,分别达25.904％和35.953％。比较得出太湖种群日本沼虾肌肉的营养品质最高,养殖种群最低。