纳他霉素处理对火龙果贮藏品质的影响

研究不同浓度的纳他霉素对火龙果采后贮藏保鲜效果的影响。以火龙果为试验材料,研究不同浓度(0、400、800、1200 mg/L)纳他霉素对火龙果贮藏期生理、营养指标及果实表面微生物菌落情况的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,不同浓度的纳他霉素处理均可显著降低火龙果呼吸强度,抑制腐烂指数、鳞片黄化率、质量损失率、丙二醛含量的增加,延缓鳞片叶绿素、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、维生素C含量的降低,提高果实SOD、POD、CAT等抗氧化相关酶活性,在贮藏末期时仍能保持较低的细菌菌落总数、酵母菌和霉菌总数。综合认为,纳他霉素处理可以明显延缓火龙果果实衰老,有效保持果实的贮藏品质,其中以800 mg/L纳他霉素处理效果最佳。     

Serum immunoglobulin fused interferon-�� inhibited tumor growth in athymic mice bearing colon 26 adenocarcinoma cells

Interferon (IFN) has therapeutic potential for a wide range of infectious and proliferative disorders. However, the half-life of IFN is too short to have a stable therapeutic effect. To overcome this problem, serum immunoglobulin has been fused to IFN. In this study, the efficacy of serum immunoglobulin fused INFs (si-IFN1 and si-IFN2) was evaluated on athymic mice bearing colon 26 adenocarcinoma cells. Seven days after the implantation of tumor cells, each group of mice was injected once a week with si-IFN1 and si-IFN2 at two different concentrations (10 × : 30 µg/kg and 50 × : 150 µg/kg). A slight anti-tumoral effect was observed in all 10 × groups compared to the control. In the 50 × groups, however, si-IFN1 and si-IFN2 showed significant anti- tumoral effects compared to the control. To gain more information on the mechanisms associated with the decrease of tumor size, a Western blot assay of apoptosis-related molecules was performed. The protein expression of cytochrome c, caspase 9, 6, and 3 were increased by si-IFN1 and si-IFN2. These 2 IFNs also increased the expressions of p53, p21, Bax and Bad. Interestingly, si-IFN1 and si-IFN2 decreased the expression of VEGF-β. Taken together, serum immunoglobulin fused IFNs increased therapeutic efficacy under current experimental condition.     

Combined microRNAome and transcriptome analysis of follicular phase and luteal phase in porcine ovaries

The aim of this study was to explore the expression difference of miRNAs and mRNAs between the follicular phase (FP) and luteal phase (LP) in porcine ovaries and provide a theoretical basis for the research on mammalian reproductive regulation. RNA‐Seq and miRNA‐Seq were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and miRNAs (DEMs) between the FP and LP in ovaries of six sows (3‐year‐old Yorkshire pigs with similar weights and same parities). Bioinformatic analysis was used to screen potential genes and miRNAs related to porcine ovarian function. Real‐time qualitative PCR was used to validate the sequencing results. RNA‐Seq results showed that 3,078 genes were up‐regulated, and 1,444 genes were down‐regulated in the LP compared with the FP, and DEGs were significantly enriched in 242 Gene Ontology (GO) terms and 33 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. miRNA‐Seq identified 112 DEMs, of which 25 were up‐regulated and 87 were down‐regulated in the LP compared with the FP. We obtained 186 intersection genes (IGs) between the 4,522 DEGs and 2,444 target genes predicted from the 112 DEMs. After constructing a miRNA‐gene‐pathway network, we identified key miRNAs and genes including miR‐17‐3p, miR‐214, miR‐221‐5p, miR‐125b, FGF1, YWHAG, YWHAZ, FDFT1 and DHCR24, which are enriched in Hippo and PI3K‐Akt signalling pathways, and various metabolic pathways. These results indicate that these key genes and miRNAs may play important roles in the developmental transition from FP to LP in porcine ovaries and represent candidate targets for further study.     

新疆药桑黄酮和多酚的提取与分析研究初报

本文采用有机溶剂提取技术和分光光度法．对新疆药桑桑果、叶片和枝条等不同器官的黄酮、多酚类化合物进行提取和测试分析,研究结果表明：新疆药桑同一株树体桑果、叶片和枝条等不同器官间的黄酮和多酚类化合物的含量存在着显著差异,其中叶片黄酮和多酚类含量最高、枝条次之、桑果中最低;研究目的为新疆药桑桑叶,桑枝,桑椹的药用功效机理研究和开发利用提供理论依据。     

CYSTIC ENDOMETRIAL HYPERPLASIA AND BACTERIAL ENDOMETRITIS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INTRAUTERINE FOREIGN BODY IN A GUINEA PIG WITH OVARIAN CYSTIC DISEASE

A 3-year-old, 920 g intact female guinea pig presented with a 4-month history of nonpruritic hair loss on the ventral abdomen. The physical examination revealed flank and ventral abdominal alopecia, mucoid vulvar discharge, and abdominal distension. Bilateral rounded masses just caudal to the kidneys and structures consistent with enlarged uterine horns were detected on abdominal palpation. Abdominal ultrasound revealed bilateral ovarian cysts, thickened uterine horns, and multiple circular hypoechoic and anechoic structures in the uterine wall. The patient underwent ovariohysterectomy. Gross examination of the uterus revealed a piece of hay in the left uterine horn. A final diagnosis was hormonally active ovarian follicular cysts, cystic endometrial hyperplasia, and purulent bacterial endometritis caused by Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Arthrobacter spp. Cystic endometrial hyperplasia is infrequently reported in guinea pigs, and this report describes an associated bacterial endometritis and uterine foreign body with concurrent ovarian cysts.     

玉米细胞系中期染色体的分离及其生化分析

用0.1%秋水仙素处理墨西哥黑甜玉米细胞系17小时,其有丝分裂中期指数(Met.I)可提高3～4倍,达15%左右。用低 pH(3.2～3.7)作稳定条件,根据分离 Hela 细胞系和哺乳动物细胞系中期染色体的方法加以综合和改进,发展了一种新的适于高等植物染色体的分离程序。所分离的染色体形态典型,纯度较好。用0.2N H_2SO_4抽提染色体组蛋白并进行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,结果表明,分离的染色体组蛋白完整。用0.2N H_2SO_4除去染色体组蛋白后,染色体形态无明显变化,说明中期染色体高级结构与组蛋白无关。本项研究还首次提供了高等植物染色体组分含量及其比例的参数。     

转换光周期对春性小麦叶片数的影响

利用6个来自我国不同生态区的春性小麦品种,通过不同穗分化期转换光周期实验研究了小麦叶片数的变异规律。结果发现,如果二棱期以前一直处于长日照条件,则至二棱期时幼穗基部的叶原基数与最终叶片数相同,不再受以后的日照长度影响。相反,如果二棱期以前处于短日条件,则转入长日照后,最终叶片数少于二棱期时幼穗基部的叶原基数,其中光周期敏感品种平均下降2.13片,光周期不敏感品种平均下降0.56片。据此推测,当前期处于短日照时,二棱期幼穗基部已分化的叶原基中,仍有部分为不稳定叶原基,随以后光周期变化而发生转化,短日照下继续发展为叶片,长日照下则发生退化,继而从中分化小穗原基。     

马铃薯田间迁飞蚜种类及发生时期调查初报

采用黄板诱捕的方法,查得青海东部马铃薯田间的迁飞蚜隶属３科,１２属,１９种,其中已知的主要种类有桃蚜、酸模蚜等１４种。据观察,该地区薯田的迁飞蚜出现于５月下列至９月上旬,不同地区的迁飞期随海拔升高而相应推迟,虫种数也趋于减少。     

亚麻主要数量性状的相关遗传力及其通径分析

通过对本所近年来选育的８个亚麻高产,抗病品种（系）的株高,分枝数,单株桃数,单桃粒数、单株粒重等５个主要数量性状进行相关遗传力及通径分析,结果表明,单株桃数与单株粒重的相关遗传力最高并大于单株粒重的遗传力,且对单株粒重的直接作用最大。单株桃数作为间接选择性状更有效。     

湖南省自然保护区天蛾科昆虫资源及相似性研究

为了基本查清湖南省自然保护区天蛾科昆虫资源,于2007-2010年夏秋季节,分别对湖南省壶瓶山、八大公山、乌云界和南岳衡山4个国家级自然保护区的天蛾类昆虫资源进行了调查,同时应用Jaccard相似系数对4个保护区天蛾科昆虫种类的相似性进行研究。共整理、初步鉴定天蛾科昆虫51种,隶属于5亚科32属,其中以壶瓶山种类最多,有5亚科32属49种,南岳衡山种类较少只有17种。壶瓶山天蛾科昆虫物种丰富度最高,与八大公山保护区之间的相似性系数较高,达0.78,为极相似,而南岳衡山物种丰富度较低,且与其他几个保护区之间的相似性系数都比较低,处于0.25~0.50之间,为中等不相似。