Immobilization of yeast cells with polymeric carrier cross-linked using radiation technique

Various compositions of 2-hydroxyethacrylate (HEA) and methoxy polyethylene glycol methacrylate (M23G) monomers were irradiated by gamma-rays at low temperature (-78 degrees C) to synthesize polymer carriers for effectively immobilizing yeast cells. The yeast cells were immobilized by cell adhesion onto/in these polymers. The ethanol productivity of immobilized yeast cells with the polymer carriers was higher than that of free cells, increasing by 1-3 times. However, the ethanol productivity of immobilized yeast with the polymer carrier resulting from 7%/7% (HEA/M23G) monomer was low, comparatively. The effect of adding cross-linking reagent (4G) to the low concentration of HEA/M23G monomers on the activity of yeast cells immobilized with the cross-linked carriers by radiation polymerization was investigated. The ethanol productivity of immobilized cells with the carriers, which were cross-linked by adding 3-6% 4G to the low concentration of HEA/M23G monomer, was increased by 20-30%, because the pore size, network structure, and mechanical strength of the polymer carriers was well adjusted and cell leakage from the polymer carriers decreased. The relationship between the ethanol productivity of immobilized yeast cells and the interior structure of polymer carriers is discussed and indicated that the interior structure of polymer carriers is crucial for effective immobilization of yeast cells.     

岷江上游退耕还林工程中存在的问题及对策

自退耕还林工程实施以来,岷江上游生态环境得到显著改善,工程实施取得较大成效.但是,退耕还林过程中仍存在一些矛盾和不足.通过对岷江上游地区退耕还林工程的实地调查,发现退耕还林工程中存在的现实问题,并针对性地提出了对策.     

热处理对食荚豌豆贮藏品质的影响

为探索热处理对食荚豌豆保鲜的效果，实验研究了40℃ 20 min、40℃ 40 min和50℃ 20 min热水处理对食荚豌豆在1℃贮藏期间主要生理和品质变化的影响。结果表明，采用40℃ 20 min和40 min热水处理不仅可有效降低食荚豌豆腐烂的发生，同时还可显著抑制豆荚的呼吸强度和多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)及苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性，抑制豆荚丙二醛(MDA)和木质素含量的上升及叶绿素和维生素C含量的下降，从而起到延缓豆荚衰老和品质下降的作用，因而在食荚豌豆保鲜中具较好应用前景。50℃ 20 min热水处理对延缓食荚豌豆衰老和保持品质无明显作用。     

坡位对小叶杨人工林生长及土壤养分空间差异的影响

选择毛乌素地区东北部梁地上3种类型的小叶杨人工林,研究了坡位对其生长和土壤养分空间差异的影响。结果表明:整体上,坡位对小叶杨和沙柳的生长均有显著影响。小叶杨人工林植被生长均表现为:坡底>坡顶≥坡中,小叶杨和柠条的混交林比其他两个林型生长好。小叶杨人工林土壤有机质含量在坡底部位多数土层中含量较高,在0.57%~1.09%之间,坡中和坡顶部位含量较小,分别在0.36%~1.07%和0.32%~0.82%之间,这与植被生长较好密切相关;土壤有机质含量在不同坡位均呈波动式减少的趋势,0~10 cm土层中含量均最大,在0.63%~1.09%之间。坡中部位各土层中的速效N、速效P和速效K含量较高,分别在18.82~66.63 m g/kg,24.07~90.06 m g/kg和51.94~190.24 m g/kg,这与坡中植被生长较差有关;而坡底和坡顶较小,速效N、速效P和速效K在不同坡位垂直变化趋势差异较大。另外,小叶杨和柠条混交林的土壤平均养分含量均较高,土壤有机质0.81%,速效N 33.84 m g/kg,速效P 49.03 m g/kg,速效K 104.14 m g/kg。     

荷兰Groasis保水节水造林技术在民勤荒漠区的应用

[目的]研究荷兰Groasis(水盒子)在民勤荒漠区保水节水造林的初步应用,为荒漠区困难立地条件下进行大规模的节水造林和农业推广提供参考数据。[方法]选择了11种荒漠植物造林树种,在民勤沙区的退耕地、丘间地、引种圃3种类型的田间进行试验,测定成活率、土壤水分等。[结果](1)11种抗风沙树种在退耕地的土壤含水率的高低顺序为:沙拐枣花棒毛条柽柳沙地云杉樟子松胡杨蒙古扁桃沙棘榆树沙枣。(2)各种抗风沙树种在典型的3种土壤类型中,利用水盒子栽培的土壤含水率明显高于普通栽培的土壤,要高出2~5倍。(3)不同抗风沙树种和蔬菜利用水盒子在3种典型土壤类型中成活率比对照不同程度提高25%~70%左右。[结论]利用水盒子可以有效地提高抗风沙树种的成活率。     

对我国蔬菜温室的评价及新型日光温室的研发

针对目前我国温室发展中的问题,研发了内保温组装式日光温室,介绍了内保温组装式日光温室的开发进展及应用情况。     

Preliminary study of endocytosis-related gene mRSD-9

AIM: To study the function of the gene mRSD-9 . METHODS: The techniques of immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence were applied to verify the interaction between mRSD-9 and endophlin 3. The ATP/GTP combined experiment and the clathrin releasing experiment were conducted to investigate the effect of mRSD-9 on endocytosis. RESULTS: Expressed Myc-mRSD-9 was precipitated by Flag-endophilin 3. Conversely, the expressed Flag-endophilin 3 was also precipitated by Myc-mRSD-9. Under laser scanning confocal microscope, mRSD-9-GFP fusion protein and endophilin 3-RFP fusion protein were observed to co-localize in CHO cells. The combination of mRSD-9 protein with ATP/GTP was found and was specific because no combination was detected using mutant ΔmRSD-9. In empty vector transfected group, the quantity of transferrin in red fluorescent expressed cells was roughly the same as the untransfected cells. In pDsRed1-N1-mRSD-9 transfected group, the quantity of transferrin in mRSD-9 protein expressed cells was obviously reduced. In pDsRed1-N1-ΔmRSD-9 transfected group, the quantity of transferrin in ΔmRSD-9 protein expressed cells was significantly increased. CONCLUSION: The protein coded by mRSD-9 gene can suppress endocytosis of transferrin.     

基于ADAMS&ANSYS的施肥机构仿真分析

以3ZFS-1型甘蔗中耕施肥机为原型,建立了施肥机构的虚拟样机,对其精度进行了验证.通过对虚拟样机的动力学仿真,分析了施肥机构的应力变化以及主动轴易损坏的原因,并对主动轴进行疲劳寿命估算,进而提出解决措施.     

中药对黄曲霉毒素B1中毒雏鸭肾组织抗氧化功能的影响

为观察黄曲霉毒素B1(Aflatoxin B1,AFB1)对雏鸭肾组织抗氧化功能的影响及复方中药对AFB1的颉颃效应,试验将90只7日龄雏鸭分为3组,每组30只.第Ⅰ组设为空白对照组,灌胃同等量二甲基亚砜;第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组为试验组,每天分别按0.1 mg/kg剂量给第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组雏鸭灌胃AFB1一次,连续投药21 d,试验期间给第Ⅲ组雏鸭日粮中添加2％复方中药.分别在给雏鸭投药后7、14、21 d,检测雏鸭肾组织总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)及丙二醛(MDA)等抗氧化指标.试验结果显示,第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组雏鸭肾组织SOD、CAT、GSH-Px及G1R活性与T-AOC均显著低于第Ⅰ组(P＜0.05),而MDA显著高于第Ⅰ组(P＜0.05);与第Ⅱ组相比,在日粮中添加复方中药的第Ⅲ组雏鸭肾组织各项抗氧化指标均得到明显的改善(P＜0.05).结果表明,黄曲霉毒素B1导致雏鸭肾组织抗氧化功能发生显著的变化,而复方中药能明显改善其变化.     

用于内燃机数据采集与处理的虚拟仪器技术开发

基于虚拟仪器技术,以数据采集卡及计算机为主要硬件平台,利用图形化编程语言LabVIEW编程,设计出内燃机数据采集与处理系统。研究结果表明该系统运行可靠,人机界面友好,操作使用方便,且便于用户扩展功能,实现了较高的性价比。该系统的开发成功对于加快内燃机试验进程以及深入开展科学研究具有重要意义。