探讨《农业科学叙词表》计算机化

《农业科学叙词表》（以下简称《农表》）是我国第一部大型综合性农业科学检索语言。《农表》是以情报学、语言学、逻辑学、信息系统学以及标准化学为基本理论,从我国农业科技情报、图书、挡案工作现代化的实际情况和需要出发,遵照国际标准和国家标准,吸取和借鉴国内外叙词表编制经验,采用分类主题一体化编表新模式编制成的。软件农业科学叙词表按叙词表分类大纲查询,农业辞典的分类大纲的分类号,例如：60D禾谷类作物（S51）;67Q天敌昆虫（S476）;92A植物病毒（Q939.46）,其他分类项参照分类大纲和分类类目。     

RRR-RRR Ⅱ级杆组的等效系统动力学建模

将等效的思想与有限元的方法结合起来，用等效元素法建立了RRR Ⅱ级杆组的动力学等效模型，给出了其动力学微分方程，将建模的关键归结为二阶张量Tia和三阶张量Tibc的建立以及等效质量阵的组装。对给定的RRR—RRR六杆机构进行了建模和求解，给出了其动力响应曲线。实例表明，此方法与传统方法比较，无论从微分方程的列写，还是由计算机进行的解算，都显示出强大优势，解题效率高。     

农业机械化发展效应的全局密切值法测度

构建了我国农业机械化发展效应测度的ICOE指标体系,应用全局密切值法对我国各省、市、自治区农业机械化发展效应进行测度.根据测度结果将全国各省、市、自治区农业机械化发展效应划分为A、B、C 3个等级,并分析了2004、2006年各省、市、自治区农业机械化发展效应变化的原因.     

Advanced cardiac morphogenesis does not require heart tube fusion

The bilateral cardiac mesoderm migrates from the lateral region of the embryo to the ventral midline, where it fuses to form the primitive heart tube. It is generally accepted that migration and fusion are essential for subsequent stages of cardiac morphogenesis. We present evidence that, in Foxp4 mutant embryonic mice, each bilateral heart-forming region is capable of developing into a highly differentiated four-chambered mammalian heart in the absence of midline fusion. These data demonstrate that left-right chamber specification, cardiac looping, septation, cardiac myocyte differentiation, and endocardial cushion formation are preprogrammed in the precardiac mesoderm and do not require midline positional identity or heart tube fusion.     

红树林根际解磷菌分离、培养及解磷能力的研究

本实验从红树林根际分离出不同种类的解磷细菌,经过筛选获得一株解磷能力较强的菌株ZB0211,在纯培养的条件下,对这株解磷菌进行最适培养条件试验。结果表明:碳源以10g·kg-1的蔗糖最佳,氮源以1g·kg-1NH4Cl最好,10g·kg-1NaCl浓度为最适生长浓度,最适初始pH值为7 5。同时进行的解磷能力实验也表明pH值、菌数与解磷能力这三者之间存在一定的相关性。     

Organic phosphorus mineralization characteristics in sediments from the coastal salt marshes of a Chinese delta under simulated tidal cycles

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Sediment organic phosphorus (OP) mineralization plays an important role in phosphorus cycling in coastal salt marshes. However, information on OP mineralization...     

MODIS热红外数据在乌鲁木齐市热岛研究中的应用

利用MODIS热红外数据,在完成几何校正、辐射定标、大气校正、云检测等数据预处理后,利用分裂窗算法反演得到乌鲁木齐2000-2005年1,4,7,10月的地表温度空间数据.在分析典型热温场的基础上,进行了热岛的季节和昼夜变化特征研究.结果表明:时间上,乌鲁木齐在夏季的白天和全年四季的夜晚均存在明显的城市热岛现象;空间上,乌鲁木齐城市和附近的戈壁、荒漠温度较高,近处的中山区和远郊的高山区温度较低,区域内温差较大、热岛强度高.乌鲁木齐城市热岛虽与其他大城市热岛特征在时空分布规律上有较多相似之处,但也有其自身的特性:干旱区城市郊区下垫面较多为戈壁荒漠,因此城市热岛效应在日间并不明显,相反有时会出现"城市冷岛"现象.     

DMPP mitigates N2O and NO productions by inhibiting ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in an intensified vegetable field under different temperature and moisture regimes

Vegetable soils with high nitrogen input are major sources of nitrous oxide (N₂O) and nitric oxide (NO), and incorporation of the nitrification inhibitor 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) into soils has been documented to effectively reduce emissions. However, the efficiency of DMPP in terms of soil N₂O and NO mitigations varies greatly depending on soil temperature and moisture levels. Thus, further evaluations of DMPP efficiency in diverse environments are required to encourage widespread application. A laboratory incubation study (28 d) was established to investigate the interactive effects of DMPP, temperature (15, 25, and 35 ℃), and soil moisture (55% and 80% of water-holding capacity (WHC)) on net nitrification rate, N₂O and NO productions, and gene abundances of nitrifiers and denitrifiers in an intensive vegetable soil. Results showed that incubating soil with 1% DMPP led to partial inhibition of the net nitrification rate and N₂O and NO productions, and the reduction percentage of N₂O production was higher than that of NO production (69.3% vs. 38.2%) regardless of temperature and soil moisture conditions. The increased temperatures promoted the net nitrification rate but decreased soil N₂O and NO productions. Soil moisture influenced NO production more than N₂O production, decreasing with the increased moisture level (80%). The inhibitory effect of DMPP on cumulative N₂O and NO productions decreased with increased temperatures at 55% WHC. Conversely, the inhibitory effect of DMPP on cumulative N₂O production increased with increased temperatures at 80% WHC. Based on the correlation analyses and automatic linear modeling, the mitigation of both N₂O and NO productions from the soil induced by DMPP was attributed to the decreases in ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) amoA gene abundance and NO^-₂-N concentration. Overall, our study indicated that DMPP reduced both N₂O and NO productions by regulating the associated AOB amoA gene abundance and NO^-₂-N concentration. These findings improve our insights regarding the implications of DMPP for N₂O and NO mitigations in vegetable soils under various climate scenarios.