提高"仙湖3号"种鸭生产性能的技术措施

“仙湖3号”鸭属快大、瘦肉型新品种,成活率高,49天龄体重3.0～3.5kg,父母代种鸭具有产蛋率高,受精率高,孵化率高等优点,是“仙湖”鸭课题组培育的一个优良品系。本文简要介绍提高“仙湖3号”种鸭生产性能的技术措施,希望通过改进饲养管理,提高经济效益。     

Structural and metabolic integrity of sheep external intercostal muscle during extended culture

The objectives of this study were to examine the structural and metabolic integrity of isolated sheep external intercostal muscle bundles following variable lengths of preincubation (0 to 192 h). Samples of intact external intercostal muscle (10 to 15 g), with tendons attached, were prepared from growing wethers and maintained at their resting lengths during preincubation for 0 to 192 h. Protein synthesis (PS), protein degradation (PD), acetate oxidation and ultrastructural integrity of muscle samples were examined at 0 to 192 h, 0 to 96 h, 0 to 48 h and 0 to 96 h following isolation, respectively. Additionally, the effects of variable fetal calf serum (FCS) concentrations (0 to 20%; w/v) on PS and PD and acetate oxidation were examined. Rate of PS increased as preincubation time increased to 192 h; however, most of this increase was due to the proliferation of fibroblasts on the surface of the muscle sample. Addition of cytosine arabinoside to the incubation media prevented the fibroblast-dependent increase in PS; however, it did not entirely prevent the preincubation time-dependent increase in PS. Rate of PD increased greatly upon preincubation. The nitrogen balance of incubated muscles was negative at all times examined. Acetate oxidation was maintained through 12 h of preincubation and thereafter declined. Relatively normal myofibrillar structure was maintained through 48 h of preincubation; however, loss of mitochondrial integrity and dissolution of Z-disks at 48 h and at 96 h of preincubation were evident. Isolated tissues were able to respond to FCS concentration in medium following 48 h of preincubation.     

一种低糖型酸奶对小鼠免疫功能的影响

以低聚果糖、阿斯巴甜、木糖醇为甜味剂替代蔗糖,研制出一种低糖型酸奶。对试验组（灌胃低糖型功能酸奶）和对照组（灌胃生理盐水）分别进行脏器体重比值的测定试验、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞试验、血清溶血素含量的测定试验、血细胞计数试验。结果显示,灌胃功能酸奶的小鼠以上指标和对照组相比均有显著的提高,以此证明该酸奶具保健价值。     

蚕粪中提取叶绿素铜钠盐的稳定性研究

以蚕粪为原料,95%的乙醇为溶剂提取叶绿素,并通过化学法制得叶绿素的铜纳盐。采用721分光光度计对叶绿素铜钠盐进行定性、定量测定,确定该色素测定系统中的最大波长为414nm。通过测量吸光值研究了几种常用食品添加剂对叶绿素铜钠盐稳定性的影响,并对其耐光、耐热、耐酸碱及耐氧化性、耐还原性进行探讨。结果表明:叶绿素铜钠盐在70℃以下稳定性较好;光照对叶绿素铜钠盐稳定性的影响较大;还原剂(Na2S2O3)对叶绿素铜钠盐稳定性的影响较大,氧化剂在短时间内对其稳定性的影响不大,但放置的时间不宜超过30min;叶绿素铜钠盐在pH值为6以上的溶液中较为稳定,且有机酸及单糖对其稳定性无明显影响。     

集约化猪场寄生虫病的控制

寄生虫病严重危害人类和家畜的健康,影响畜产品的质量,降低猪群的健康水平和抵抗能力,易引发其它疾病,在一定程度上减少把猪场经济效益。但由于寄生虫病造成的损失没有其它疾病(尤其是传染病)直接,因而尚未引起猪场管理者足够的重视,对寄生虫病的防治有时甚至是集约化猪场管理的空白。     

净能体系在猪日粮配制中的研究现状

20世纪初,美国首先将净能体系应用于奶牛的日粮配制当中,但该体系一度被认为并不适用于单胃动物,特别是猪的日粮配制。因为对猪而言,消化能体系更为方便和适用。但时下,通过添加合成氨基酸的低蛋白日粮的成功研究和利用,使消化能体系变得过时。在欧洲,净能体系已经被用于猪日粮     

畜禽业新型饲料源--桑叶的营养价值及加工调制

桑叶作为畜禽业新型饲料源,据测定,粗蛋白质含量高达20%～30%,也就是说1kg干桑叶与0.7kg大豆饼相当。同时,桑叶还含有多种维生素和微量元素及许多天然活性物质,具有抗应激、增强机体的耐力和提高畜禽的抗病能力。桑叶作为饲料不仅可以有效缓解日益紧张的常规饲料源,而且为发展“节粮型”畜禽业开辟了一条出路。桑叶的加工调制,不仅回收利用资源;同时也提高了资源的利用价值,还解决了畜禽越冬的饲料问题。     

胸膜莫肺炎放线杆菌APXIV部分基因片段的表达及纯化

参照GenBank中已发表的ApxIV基因序列,以自行分离的App DNA为模板,利用PCR方法扩增出ApxIV3'端,大小为552bp的保守基因序列.将PCR产物克隆到pMD18-T Simple Vector中,获得重组质粒pMD-ApxIV,对其重组质粒pMD-ApxIV进行BamHI、HindIII双酶切,并将酶切产物克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a(+)中,构建了重组表达质粒pET-ApxIV.将表达质粒转化至大肠杆菌BL21中,用IPTG诱导表达,通过SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析,结果表明pET-ApxIV在BL21中成功表达,并能被App阳性血清所识别,具有良好的免疫原性.表达蛋白的分子质量约为39.5KDa.利用HiTrap FF crude columns将表达的蛋白进行了纯化.     

中国白兔生长发育特性的研究

本研究对初生、２１、２８、３０、６０、９０、１２０、１５０、１８０日龄和１２月龄等不同阶段中国白兔的增重、成活率和繁殖性能进行测定，结果如下：窝均产仔８．０７只，初生产４９．１６克，２８日龄断奶产２８５．９６克，断奶成活率９４．９２％；９０日龄产９７１．１０克，成活率８２．２２％；１８０日龄产１７３２．７８克，成活率９１．２２％；成年体重２２７３．３３克。结果显示：中国白兔成年体重小，生长速度较慢，但繁殖能力强，成活率高