Determination and Correlation Analysis on the Egg Quality of Egg-laying Ducks Reared in Cages and on Floor

The purpose of this test was to evaluate the egg quality from two breeds of ducks reared in cages and on floor.30 eggs were chosen from each type of eggs,which were from Jinding (green shell) and Shan Partridge ducks (white shell)at 40 weeks-old reared in cages and on floor for egg quality evaluation.The results showed that the egg weight of caged duck was extremely significantly larger than the floor duck (P<0.01) in the same breed,there were very significant positive correlations between the egg weight and eggshell weight,egg-white weight and egg yolk weight (P<0.01),but no significant difference among the egg yolk weights of different types of ducks (P>0.05).The shell strength of green egg was obviously higher than that of white shell eggs (P<0.05),and the shell strength of green egg from caged ducks was higher than that of the green egg ducks on floor.The correlation coefficients of the egg specific gravity and eggshell thickness,the specific gravity and eggshell strength were 0.503 (P<0.01) and 0.536 (P<0.01) respectively.Haugh units of four types of ducks all reached 72 or more.Although there was significant positive correlation between egg-white weight and egg yolk weight (P<0.01),significant negative correlation was existed between egg-white weight and egg yolk ratio (P<0.01).There were significant negative correlations between egg specific gravity and egg yolk weight (P<0.05) and egg yolk ratio (P<0.05).In conclusion,the mode of cage feeding and the breed with green shell were appropriate choices in laying-egg duck production for high egg quality.     

核心力量训练对普通高校非专业运动员预防运动损伤的研究*

为了了解核心力量训练对普通非专业运动员预防运动损伤的作用，采用独立样本T检验(Independent Samples T Test)对实验组和对照组的FMS功能性测试成绩进行统计分析，实验结果显示核心力量训练对普通高校非专业运动员的平衡、稳定、协调能力有良好的促进作用；为四肢的运动传递能量，促使躯体保持平衡，提高身体在不稳定的状态下平衡稳定能力，减少运动损伤的发生机率，是一项简单易操作的训练手段。     

一氧化氮影响植物不定根发生的研究进展

近年来,一氧化氮(NO)作为一种气态信号小分子,在植物中的研究越来越多,尤其是植物NO的产生机理及其在植物不定根发生中的作用机制研究取得了很大突破。本文概括了NO在植物体内的产生途径,详细阐述了NO及其与其他信号分子互作对植物不定根发生的影响,总结了植物不定根发生过程中NO调控的相关基因表达;最后,展望了NO参与植物不定根发生的研究趋势,以期为NO在植物不定根发生的应用研究提供理论参考。     

国家植物博物馆旅游发展战略研究与初步构想

在研究博物馆旅游相关内涵的基础上,系统地阐述了博物馆和旅游的关系,认为博物馆旅游是未来的发展趋势。文中依托国家植物博物馆建设的基本情况,对国家植物博物馆发展旅游具备的政策机遇、游客基数、区位、行业地位、资源、特色等方面的优势及国内没有成熟的经验和成功的案例可借鉴、藏品艺术价值不高等劣势进行分析。提出建立合理的运维机制,处理好馆、库、园一体统筹的关系;按照国家5A级旅游景区标准,高起点、高规格建设;以人为本,强化深度体验;重视人才、科普和营销;与茨坝生物科技特色小镇融合发展,打造云南省“健康生活目的地”示范园区;整合资源,建立旅联体,打造科普文旅融合产业走廊等国家植物博物馆旅游发展的策略及建议。     

Effects of Dietary Lipids on the Growth Performance,Survival, and Digestive Enzymes of Juvenile Cuttlefish,Sepia lycidas

This study was conducted to determine the effects of dietary lipids on the growth performance, muscle composition, and enzyme activities of the stomach, intestines, and liver of Sepia lycidas juveniles. Fish oil and soybean lecithin were selected as lipid sources to formulate six experimental diets containing lipid levels of 3.68, 4.15, 6.62, 8.09, 9.56, and 11.03%. The feed efficiency first declined and then rose, with the lowest value obtained in individuals fed the 8.09% lipid content diet; the protein efficiency ratio significantly decreased with an increased lipid level. The highest crude protein content and lowest crude lipid content were simultaneously obtained in individuals fed the 9.56% lipid content diet. The activities of pepsase, trypsin, and intestine lipase initially increased before decreasing. The highest activities of protease, trypsin, and lipase were obtained in individuals fed the 9.56% lipid content diet, while the highest activity of amylase was obtained in individuals fed the 6.62% lipid content diet. Hepatic glutamate pyruvate transaminase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase initially increased and then held steady, with the highest activities simultaneously obtained in individuals fed the 9.56% lipid diet. Our results suggest that dietary lipids at a level of 9.56% could be the optimal lipid requirement for S. lycidas to grow and maintain normal metabolism.     

Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒逆转录套式PCR检测方法的建立

根据GenBank中登录的Ⅰ型鸭肝炎病毒（DHV—Ⅰ）A66株的RNA聚合酶基因序列,设计合成了2对引物,建立了适合DHV-I快速检测的逆转录套式PCR方法（RT-nested-PCR）,采用该方法对DHV-Ⅰ A66弱毒株和R85952强毒株进行了检测。结果显示,均能扩增到304bp的条带,而正常鸭胚、健康鸭肝组织、鸭瘟病毒、鹅细小病毒、禽流感病毒（H9亚型）、新城疫病毒、传染性腔上囊病病毒、减蛋综合征病毒、鸭源大肠杆菌、鸭疫里氏杆菌和鸭源多杀性巴氏杆菌的扩增结果均为阴性。该方法第1次扩增的敏感性是100Pg,第2次扩增的敏感性是1fg,第2次比第1次扩增的敏感性高10^6倍。表明,所建立的逆转录套式PCR方法可用于鸭病毒性肝炎（DVH）的临床诊断、病料检测和分子流行病学调查等。     

六味地黄丸加味对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响

为探讨六味地黄丸加减复方对小鼠免疫功能的影响,应用可的松制作小鼠的免疫抑制模型,然后灌服高、低剂量的六味地黄丸加减复方浸提液,测定小鼠的体重、胸腺和脾重量,耳廓肿胀度以及吞噬细胞的吞噬作用。结果表明：高剂量的中药复方粉剂可使免疫功能低下小鼠的体重、胸腺和脾脏重量显著增加,耳廓肿胀度显著增加,具有显著促进吞噬细胞的吞噬作用;但小剂量组作用不明显。高剂量六味地黄丸加减复方可增强机体的免疫功能。     

鸭源呼肠孤病毒DRV-GZ株S2基因的序列分析及其表达

采用RT-PCR方法从鸭源呼肠孤病毒DRV—GZ株中扩增出了S2基因片段,将其克隆到表达载体pET-28a（＋）中,测序验证后转化入表达宿主菌Rosetta^TM2（DE3）plysS,进行IPTG诱导表达。结果表明,重组菌可表达出相对分子质量约为50000的重组融合蛋白,在浓度为0．6mmol／L的IPTG诱导4h的情况下表达效果最好。表达的蛋白以包涵体的形式存在于菌体中。表达产物经Ni柱纯化后可得到纯度较高的目的蛋白。经Western-blot分析,所纯化的蛋白能与抗呼肠孤病毒DRV—GZ株阳性血清进行特异性的免疫印迹反应,证实表达的蛋白具有较好的反应原性。     

豪猪源福氏志贺菌的分离鉴定及喹诺酮类耐药基因检测

为调查四川省某规模化豪猪养殖场中豪猪大面积腹泻死亡的原因,本研究采集病死豪猪的肠道内容物和肺脏等病料样品进行细菌的分离纯化,通过培养特性观察、革兰染色镜检、生化鉴定、16S rRNA基因的克隆测序进行鉴定,并对分离菌株进行致病性、耐药性分析,对其喹诺酮类耐药基因进行PCR检测并测序分析。结果显示,分离得到1株革兰阴性菌,该分离株符合福氏志贺菌的培养特性和生化特性,并且其16S rRNA基因序列与福氏志贺菌该基因序列的同源性为99%;对小鼠具有较强致病性;药敏试验结果显示分离株具有多重耐药性,仅对丁胺卡那敏感,对喹诺酮类、四环素类、头孢类、氨基糖苷类、青霉素类和氯霉素类药物均表现为耐药;分离株的DNA促旋酶Ⅱ和拓扑异构酶Ⅳ的喹诺酮耐药决定区均有突变,且携带有质粒介导的喹诺酮耐药基因qnr A和qnr S。本研究是国内首次关于豪猪源福氏志贺菌病的报道,为豪猪养殖中该细菌性疾病的诊断防治等相关研究提供参考。