燃烧室结构对天然气发动机燃烧过程的影响

为了研究燃烧室结构对天然气发动机燃烧过程的影响,模拟了浅盆形和涡流室式燃烧室结构的天然气发动机的进气、压缩及燃烧过程。给出了2种不同结构燃烧室的燃烧持续期、燃烧过程中缸内气流运动、火焰前锋面位置等,并对2种燃烧室进行了试验对比。模拟计算及试验结果表明,通过涡流室喷孔的约束作用,可以改善已燃气体和未燃气体之间的传热传质模式,提高火焰传播速度。     

基于激光热应力法的薄膜蠕变性能评估方法

采用单脉冲激光在薄膜表面进行局部加载,对薄膜在受热区域、冷热接合部及与基体连接界面产生的热应力、热应变及应力松弛进行理论分析,研究薄膜的蠕变机制和非弹性变形的热力学响应。分析结果表明,薄膜受高温及冷却退火作用都会产生应力松弛;冷却退火还会形成拉应力,薄膜裂纹由拉应力过大引起,薄膜的蠕变性能是薄膜断裂前的热力学行为,由应力的性质和大小决定,用激光热应力法可以实现对薄膜性能的评估。     

燃料添加剂对均质压缩燃烧影响的试验

在一台改造的4缸柴油机的第4缸进行均质压燃（HCCI）燃烧试验,研究了添加剂对HCCI燃烧过程的影响。试验结果表明,在HCCI燃烧稳定工况下,没有添加剂的基础燃料PRF90（相当于90号汽油）着火滞后,燃烧放热峰值低,而混有添加剂的基础燃料则着火明显提前,燃烧放热峰值升高。在相同循环喷油量和相同转速的条件下,随着添加剂质量分数的增加,HCCI着火和燃烧放热提前,燃烧放热峰值提高,但过高的添加剂质量分数会使得发动机爆震,工作粗暴。     

分子蒸馏技术富集猕猴桃籽油中α-亚麻酸的研究

采用分子蒸馏技术对猕猴佻籽油中的α-亚麻酸进行了富集研究。通过正交试验对影响分子蒸馏的主要因素,即蒸馏压力、蒸馏温度、进料速度、刮膜转速进行了优化,得到刮膜式分子蒸馏装置富集猕猴桃籽油中α-亚麻酸的最佳工艺参数为：蒸馏压力3．0Pa,蒸馏温度110℃,进料速度20滴／min,刮膜转速400r／min,在此条件下α-亚麻酸的质量分数提高到83．69％;4级分子蒸馏后猕猴桃籽油中α-亚麻酸质量分数达到86.27％。     

常见的凸封闭节曲线非圆齿轮副设计

根据非圆齿轮的啮合原理,针对椭圆、偏心圆和巴斯噶蜗线等几种常见的凸封闭节曲线及其共轭的非圆齿轮,推导了节曲线的计算公式,并可利用计算机进行精确求解和某些特性参数的修正计算。对三类齿轮副的传动性能和设计制造方面的优缺点进行了对比分析,为其后续设计和制造提供依据。     

大型复杂机械节点导入建模及有限元分析

针对一般有限元软件在大型复杂机构建模和划分网格方面的局限性,提出了节点导入有限元建模法。采用三维建模软件建立节点布局图,并提取源坐标数据,结合有限元分析软件建立有限元模型,同时完成网格划分,并成功地将此建模方法应用于大型振动筛的建模与分析。结果表明,这种建模方法使计算和存储大为简便,可为设计人员提供设计参考。     

轴-轴承系统动力学摩擦学弹性力学耦合分析

采用动力学仿真软件ADAMS和有限元分析软件ANSYS,结合手工编程的方法,研究了变载荷作用下轴-轴承系统动力学、摩擦学、弹性力学(轴的刚度和强度)耦合分析问题,重点讨论正弦载荷作用下轴-轴承系统的共振响应和考虑动态油膜压力分布时的轴颈表面动应力计算。计算结果表明,动应力在轴颈表面沿轴向和周向的分布与油膜压力沿轴向和周向的分布密切相关;动应力随时间的变化与轴-轴承系统的动力学响应密切相关。     

Natural Marine Products: Anti-Colorectal Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo

Colorectal cancer, a malignant tumor with high mortality, has a poor prognosis due to drug resistance and toxicity in clinical surgery and chemotherapy. Thus, finding safer and more efficient drugs for clinical trials is vital and urgent. Natural marine compounds, with rich resources and original chemical structures, are applied widely in anticancer treatments. We provide a systematic overview of recently reported marine compounds such as alkaloids, peptides, terpenoids, polysaccharides, and carotenoids from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. The in vitro studies summarized the marine origins and pharmacological mechanisms, including anti-proliferation, anti-angiogenesis, anti-migration, anti-invasion, the acceleration of cycle arrest, and the promotion of tumor apoptosis, of various compounds. The in vivo studies outlined the antitumor effects of marine compounds on colorectal cancer model mice and evaluated their efficacy in terms of tumor inhibition, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. The clinical studies summarized the major chemical classifications and targets of action of the clinical drugs that have entered clinical approval and completed approval for marine anticancer. In summary, we present the current situation regarding the application of natural anti-colorectal cancer marine compounds and prospects for their clinical application.     

Youssoufenes A2 and A3, Antibiotic Dimeric Cinnamoyl Lipids from the ΔdtlA Mutant of a Marine-Derived Streptomyces Strain

Two new dimeric cinnamoyl lipids (CL) featuring with an unusual dearomatic carbon-bridge, named youssoufenes A2 (1) and A3 (2), were isolated from the ΔdtlA mutant strain of marine-derived Streptomyces youssoufiensis OUC6819. Structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on extensive MS and NMR spectroscopic analyses, and their absolute configurations were determined by combination of the long-range NOE-based ¹H-¹H distance measurements and ECD calculations. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate growth inhibition against multi-drug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis CCARM 5172 with an MIC value of 22.2 μM.     

临泽县政策性农业保险助力乡村振兴的实践与思考

临泽县把开展政策性农业保险作为推动乡村振兴的有力抓手,在发展壮大现代农业的同时,有效降低了自然灾害对农业生产带来的风险损失,切实构筑起了农业产业发展风险防波堤。但也面临着一些制约发展的因素。本文综述了临泽县开展政策性农业保险助力乡村振兴发展的情况和存在的问题,并针对性提出发展对策。