基于主成分分析的四川省农业经济发展水平综合评价

该文有针对性地选取了10项农业指标,采用2017年统计数据,运用SPSS22.0软件进行了主成分分析,得出四川省21个市州农业经济发展水平的综合得分与排名,并划分出4个农业发展水平小组。通过综合评价分析,提出了四川省发展农业的对策建议。     

河南省农业水资源脆弱性时空特征及障碍度诊断

从自然脆弱性、人为脆弱性和承载力脆弱性3个层面构建农业水资源脆弱性评价体系,运用熵值法和线性加权综合法测算了2001—2016年河南省农业水资源脆弱性,并利用障碍度模型分析了影响脆弱性的主要障碍因子。结果表明:2001—2016年河南省郑州等9市农业水资源脆弱性呈减小态势,开封等9市呈增大态势,脆弱性增速差异显著;脆弱性演变趋势可分为先升后降、先降后升、波动上升和波动下降4种类型;河南省农业水资源脆弱性空间分布集聚特征明显,脆弱度排序为豫北豫东豫南豫中豫西;河南省农业水资源脆弱性主要受到人为脆弱性和承载力脆弱性的影响,且主要障碍因子存在差异。因此,应积极加强对水资源系统人为干预,通过加大农业资金投入、优化农田水利建设水平、提高农业用水效率等,以实现河南省农业生产与水资源利用协调发展。     

大豆丹豆6号青子叶遗传规律的初步分析

为了解大豆丹豆6号青子叶性状的遗传特点,选用(科丰14×丹豆6号)和(遗1358×丹豆6号)2个杂交组合3个世代(F2、F3和F4代)的种子分离群体,进行大豆子叶颜色遗传规律研究。结果表明:2个杂交组合后代中,黄子叶与靑子叶种子的分离比率均表现为3∶1的孟德尔分离比例。推断大豆的子叶颜色由1对等位基因控制,黄子叶对靑子叶为显性,丹豆6号携带1对控制青子叶性状的隐性基因。     

诺丽果汁的抗氧化性研究

采用分光光度计法，以维他命C（Vc）为对照，考察诺丽果汁的多酚含量及其对1, 1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）自由基、2，2-联氮双（3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸）二铵盐（ABTS）自由基、羟自由基和过氧化氢（H2O2）等的抗氧化活性。结果表明：诺丽果汁中多酚含量较高（1.934 mg/mL），对DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基、羟自由基和过氧化氢等均具有很好的清除活性，且在清除羟自由基能力试验中，其活性显著高于阳性对照（Vc），表明诺丽果汁对人体具有良好的营养保健功效。     

海南慢行旅游廊道空间体系的构建

以慢行旅游廊道空间体系为研究对象,以空间体系的单元模型构建为切入点,选取海南"大兴隆旅游区"作为其单元模型的规划实验,初步探索海南慢行旅游廊道系统空间体系的构建。可为海南建设国际旅游岛提供参考。     

引进亚洲百合新品种的筛选

本研究以国外引进的11个亚洲百合品种为试验材料,通过箱式栽植将其种植在国家花卉工程中心温室内,并对植株生长高度、花蕾和花径大小等综合性状进行对比与分析,从中筛选出了适宜北京地区温室栽培的‘Black Out’、‘Cheops’和‘Navona’等3个百合切花品种以及名为‘Mount Duckling’的1个盆栽品种。本研究为亚洲百合新品种的筛选提供了一定的参考价值。     

浅析新时期我国农业推广中存在的问题及科学应对策略

依据我国新时期农业发展的优势环境展开了农业推广进程中普遍存在问题的深入分析,并针对目前农业发展中重科研、轻推广,机制建立不健全等现状制定了切实可行的应对策略,对促进我国农业的成果转化与合理推广有重要的实践意义。     

稻草与氨化稻草干物质采食量的模型化研究

本研究分别以稻草、氨化稻草为唯一能量和蛋白质来源,实测了山羊稻草、氨化稻草的干物质采食量(DMI),并借鉴现有成熟模型,建立了以稻草、氨化稻草的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)为预测因子的干物质采食量预测模型:DMI稻(g/d.kgMW)=30/NDF(%DM),DMI氨稻(g/d.kgMW)=39/NDF(%DM)。经验证,稻草、氨化稻草DMI预测模型的平均偏差(MD)分别为0.48g/d.kgMW与0.85g/d.kgMW,相应的平均预测方差(MSPE)为0.3599与1.0124。稻草与氨化稻草的MD、MSPE均很低,表明所建DMI预测模型精确可用。     

Parsimoniously modelling perennial vegetation suitability and identifying priority areas to support China's re-vegetation program in the Loess Plateau: Matching model complexity to data availability

The Chinese Central government's policy to re-vegetate large areas of the Loess Plateau is currently being rapidly implemented at the provincial, prefecture, county, township, and village levels of government. Managers at these five levels of government need access to information to assist them to plan the land use change prior to performing on-ground activities. To this end, the suitability of 38 predominately native species in the 113,000 km² Coarse Sandy Hilly Catchments (CSHC) has been mapped at a 100 m resolution. In this data-sparse region, this was achieved by using a five-variable spatial overlay approach as we were able to readily access the required environmental variables and rule-set defining the species’ requirements (or tolerances). As the rules did not consider optimal growth they were possibly ‘too inclusive’, so the spatial extent of areas suggested for re-planting was refined by defining ‘target areas’ for trees, shrubs and grasses based on precipitation, aspect, landform, and slope. In the land-use planning criteria developed here we suggest that hill-slopes and gullies with slopes greater than or equal to 15° (defined from a 100 m resolution DEM) be left for natural succession. Due to lateral flow of water, sediment and nutrients from these steep slope and gullies, further prioritising re-vegetation target areas to the zone adjacent to and down slope from these steep portions of the landscape reduces sediment entering the river network with a minimal decrease of regional stream flow. These two functions (mapping species suitability and locating where priority and target re-vegetation activities should be undertaken) are available at a 100 m resolution for the entire CSHC by accessing a bilingual decision support tool called ReVegIH (Re-Vegetation Impacts on Hydrology). Finally, an ecohydrological model was used to simulate changes in average annual stream flow originating from the CSHC based on implementing the ‘target’ and ‘priority’ area re-vegetation activities within the constraints of two land limits.     

白头翁根不同提取物体外抑菌试验研究

白头翁为毛莨科多年生白头翁属植物白头翁Pulsatilla chinensis Bunge Regel 的根茎.始载于<神农本草经>,列为下品,是常用中药,具有清热解毒、凉血止痢、燥湿杀虫的功效.传统主要用于治疗细菌性痢疾、阿米巴痢疾等.现代研究认为白头翁除了抗菌和抗病原作用外,还具有提高机体免疫力、抑制巨噬细胞分泌IL-6、抗癌、抗炎、抗毒、止泻、镇静、镇痛、杀灭滴虫和球虫、抑制肠运动、抗内毒素血症等作用[1].