带优先加工约束2×n型异序排序的简便解法

为解决异序排序问题,提出了新的表上作业法。该方法不仅可以解决2×n型异序排序问题,还可以有效地解决带优先加工约束2×n型异序排序问题。该方法简便易行,便于掌握,可获得比较满意的近似最优加工顺序。     

基于多列空洞卷积神经网络的麦穗计数方法研究

田间麦穗计数因主要依靠人工而存在耗时长、成本高等问题,为提高麦穗计数的效率和准确性,提出基于人群计数卷积神经网络的麦穗计数方法,在图像基础上进行麦穗数量自动化计数.试验改进了现有人群计数模型中的多列卷积神经网络MCNN和空洞卷积神经网络CSRNet,并对MCNN和CSRNet进行融合,建立了多列卷积神经网络MCSRNe...     

论多校区大学学生党建工作

近年来,高校多校区办学已成为全国高校普遍的运作方式,这给我国传统的大学运作管理格局带来了许多全新的冲击与挑战,其中,学生党建工作尤为突出。本文通过对现阶段多校区高校党建工作面临的问题与困难展开分析,在此基础上提出了建立健全各类党建制度、充分利用网络资源并在学生公寓开展党建工作等相应对策。     

皮南牛新品种培育现状、存在问题与对策

南阳牛是我国五大良种黄牛品种之一,近些年国家越来越重视通过杂交改良的方法产生新品种培育工作,1986年引进了皮埃蒙特牛,与南阳牛进行杂交改良,通过30多年来的持续选育,横交固定形成了皮南牛新类群,它保持了南阳牛适应性好、耐粗饲的优点,同时继承了皮埃蒙特牛生长发育快、瘦肉率高的特点,但在皮南牛新品种培育过程中,仍存在核心...     

氮添加对大果木姜子凋落叶分解及养分释放的影响

  目的  研究不同施氮水平对大果木姜子Cinnamomum migao凋落叶养分分解的影响。  方法  于2017年1月,以药用植物大果木姜子人工林凋落叶为研究对象,将凋落叶清洗风干后装入分解袋中,每袋10.00 g。试验期间放置在不同施氮处理[对照(ck,0 g·m?2·a?1)、N₁(5 g·m?2·a?1)、N₂(15 g·m?2·a?1)、N₃(30 g·m?2·a?1)]样地中,每处理3个重复,分别于试验的3、5、7、9、11月采集凋落叶样品,测定凋落叶质量及养分质量分数的变化,分析氮沉降对大果木姜子凋落叶养分释放动态影响。  结果  凋落叶分解试验结束时,各施氮组凋落叶质量损失率整体小于ck,凋落叶残留率整体大于ck,且N₂与ck差异不显著,N₂、N₃差异显著(P＜0.05),ck、N₁、N₂、N₃凋落叶分解95%时所需的时间分别为2.973、3.626、3.285、3.671 a;各处理凋落叶碳质量分数总体均呈下降趋势,全氮质量分数整体上均呈先增加后降低的趋势,全磷与全钾质量分数变化趋势相似,为分解初期下降,之后整体上升,最后趋于平稳;各处理凋落叶碳、全磷、全钾残留率总体呈降低趋势,全氮残留率整体上呈先上升后下降趋势。其中分解各时段各施氮处理碳残留率均显著高于ck (P＜0.05);随着时间推移,ck处理氮的残留率呈先上升后下降趋势,各施氮处理的氮残留率整体上呈先上升后下降趋势;整个分解过程中各施氮组碳氮比均小于ck,且分解前期与ck表现出显著差异(P＜0.05)。  结论  添加氮不利于大果木姜子凋落叶的分解及养分的释放,且施氮越多抑制分解作用更显著。图4表1参33     

Effects of different molecular weights of chitosan on methane production and bacterial community structure in vitro

As a new feed additive, chitosan has been shown in recent years to have a certain role in reducing methane emissions from the gastrointestinal tracts of ruminants. However, the effects of chitosan with different molecular weights on rumen fermentation, methane production and bacterial community structure are not yet clear. A basal diet without chitosan served as the control(CTL), and the treatment diets were supplemented with chitosan with different molecular weights: 1 000(1K), 3 000(3K), 5 000(5K), 50 000(5W) and 200 000(20W) dry matter(DM). Six fermentation units per treatment were established. Gas chromatography was used to measure the concentrations of methane, H_2 and volatile fatty acids(VFAs). The bacterial 16S rRNA genes were sequenced with an Illumina MiSeq platform and analysed to reveal the relative abundances of bacterial community taxa. The results showed that the propionate proportion was significantly increased by the addition of chitosan with different molecular weights(P0.05), while methane production and the acetate proportion were significantly decreased(P0.05). The relative abundances of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Prevotellaceae_UCG_003 were significantly increased in the 3K chitosan group compared with the CTL group, whereas the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group was significantly decreased(P0.05). Correlation analyses of the relative abundances of the bacterial genera showed that Prevotella was positively related to propionate production(P0.05). In conclusion, 3K chitosan could reduce methane production by replacing fibrolytic bacteria(Firmicutes and Fibrobacteres) with amylolytic bacteria(Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria) in the bacterial community structure.     

Morphological and Compositional Analysis of Two Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Cultivars Growing in China

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Two selected walnut cultivars (Xiangling and Jizhaomian) growing in China were analyzed in terms of proximate and mineral composition, fatty acid and amino acid...     

花后早期增温对小麦旗叶光合和抗氧化特性及籽粒发育的影响

为探究小麦花后早期增温对其旗叶和籽粒生长发育的影响,以黄淮海南片主栽小麦品种安农0711和烟农19为试验材料,通过在小麦花后0～10 d搭棚覆盖PO薄膜方式进行人工模拟增温（增温1~ 3 ℃）,测定分析了花后早期增温后小麦旗叶光合参数、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性、MDA含量和籽粒性状的变化。结果表明,与常温对照相比,增温显著降低了旗叶净光合速率、叶绿素含量及 CAT和POD活性,增加了旗叶胞间CO₂浓度和MDA含量,加速了旗叶衰老,使籽粒长度、宽度、厚度和千粒重均下降,安农0711和烟农19的粒重降幅分别为5.43%和7.34%。这说明在本试验条件下,花后早期增温不利于小麦旗叶光合和抗氧化作用,加速旗叶衰老,抑制籽粒发育。