基于颜色特征的作物与背景分割的对比研究

化学除草剂和杀虫剂的运用对环境造成很大的冲击,有选择地对准目标精确喷药能够有效地减少化学药剂的使用量,对准精确喷药的关键是运用机器视觉技术正确地识别目标,而作物与背景的快速并准确地分割是正确识别目标的基础。文章介绍几种图像的颜色模型和转换公式,运用VC++软件设计出图像背景分割的程序。选择南京农业大学江浦农场的玉米田、花生田和校园内的小麦田作为研究对象,运用自行设计的程序对图像进行分割并计算出分割图像所需的时间。用处理耗时与处理效果两个指标来评定用于背景分割的几种颜色特征。研究结果表明,过绿的2G-R-B是最好的背景分割因子,这个分割因子具有耗时少、分割效果好且不受光照强度影响的特点,能够满足农业智能生产中实时性的要求。     

患真菌性皮肤病奶牛血液中白细胞分类计数及酯酶染色阳性T淋巴细胞的检测与分析

为探讨T淋巴细胞在皮肤真菌病奶牛中的作用,对患皮肤真菌病的奶牛和健康对照牛静脉血中的T淋巴细胞数量进行了检测。采用酯酶染色法观察并记录静脉血中酯酶染色T淋巴细胞的数量,并用瑞氏染色对白细胞进行分类计数。结果表明,患病奶牛的T淋巴细胞在淋巴细胞中的百分比明显高于健康对照奶牛,说明T淋巴细胞在抗皮肤真菌病免疫中发挥了重要的作用。     

Progress in Research of Chinese Wetland Parks

There has been a rapid development in the construction of wetland parks in China in recent years.This paper discussed the progress in the research of Chinese wetland parks that covered the aspects of wetland resources,landscape and environment.The function of wetland parks,the evaluation of landscape and the exploiting of resources;the landscape concept and landscape planning and design;the plant environment,the water environment and the recreation environment were all reviewed.The research of Chinese wetland parks started later but developed rapidly,having remarkable achievements in practice and functional studies,and there are still some shortcomings in the researches to be improved.At last,the key points which should be researched urgently in the future were discussed.     

大豆异黄酮含量与品质性状相关性分析

大豆异黄酮是大豆中的重要成分,具有广泛的营养价值和保健作用。利用高效液相色谱技术（HPLC）检测了黑龙江省野生和栽培大豆252份种质资源的总异黄酮、大豆苷、染料木苷含量,同时检测了蛋白质和脂肪含量,分析了大豆异黄酮与大豆主要品质性状的相关性。结果表明：不同类型大豆种质异黄酮含量存在明显差异;大豆总异黄酮含量与蛋白质含量呈极显著负相关,与蛋白质和脂肪总含量也呈极显著负相关,与脂肪含量呈不明显正相关。     

膜上移栽机械研究进展及与分析

地膜覆盖技术与育苗移栽的结合能最大限度地提高部分经济作物蔬菜、烟草、中草药和棉花的品质和经济效益,而膜上移栽机械是实现上述农艺要求的核心装备。由于膜上移栽机械作业效率和稳定性问题,制约了膜上移栽机械的发展和推广。分别对国内和国外膜上移栽机械的结构、工作原理和特性进行了分析,探讨了国内膜上移栽机械发展的主要问题,指出膜上移栽机械的研制工作应着重实际应用,在农机与农艺结合的基础上,优化现有半自动移栽机的结构和性能,同时提高育苗技术,研制适合我国国情的、能够推广应用的全自动移栽机。     

不同品系杜洛克后代商品猪胴体性状的比较分析

为研究不同品系杜洛克作为终端父本对其后代商品猪胴体性状的影响,选取214和108头分别由美系和加系杜洛克公猪配种、出生时间相近(±2 d)和体重相近(35±5 kg)的后代三元商品猪进行育肥饲养,结束饲养后开展屠宰试验,测定背膘厚度、眼肌厚度、瘦肉率和肋骨数.结果显示:加系杜洛克商品后代的背膘厚度、眼肌厚度显著(P<0...     

Effects of psychological stress on in vitro expression of activated surface molecules on T cells of peripheral blood from healthy persons

AIM: To study cellular and molecular mechanism involved in increasing susceptibility of infection in psychological stress persons. METHODS: Comparative studies were performed with double staining and flow cytometry analysis on immunophenotyping and in vitro expression of early activating surface molecule CD69 in response to mitogens on T cells from peripheral blood of 20 healthy college student volunteers before and after psychological stress. A series of term final examinations was defined as psychological stress. RESULTS: Immunophenotyping analysis showed no statistically significant difference in the percentage of CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD20, CD16 and CD56 positive lymphocyte populations before and after psychological stress. There was a statistically significant decrease in the in vitro expression of CD69 in response to polyclonal stimulators on the T cells from persons after psychological stress than those before psychological stress. The percentage of CD69 expression (CD69⁺CD3⁺/CD3⁺%) in response to PHA and PDB in the whole blood culture for 72 hours decreased respectively from 28.1±4.1 and 80.7±6.8 on the T cells obtained before psychological stress to 17.6±3.8 and 65.8±7.9 on those obtained after psychological stress, while there was no statistically significant difference between the CD69 expression rates without stimulators on the T cells obtained before and after psychological stress. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of psychological stress to immune system is not on the level of changing proportions of the sub-populations within peripheral blood lymphocytes. Psychological stress can decrease the activating response of T cells in healthy persons, which may be responsible for the increase of susceptibility to infection in the psychological stress persons.     

Relationship between apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and sporadic Alzheimer's disease

AIM: To evaluate the association between apolipoprotein E(apoE) gene polymorphism and sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHOD: A case-control study was undertaken detecting the polymorphism of apoE by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).RESULTS:(1)The frequencies of 3/4 genotype and 4 al ele in AD were significant ly higher than that in age-matched controls(P<0.05).(2)The frequency of G/G genotype for apoE IE1 in AD was significantly higher than that in age-mat ched control(P<0.05).(3)The apoE 4 al ele was associated with a tripling of the risk for AD compared with no 4 allele(odd ratio 2.932, 95%CI 1.379~6.226);Homozygosity of the G allele in IE1 was associated with adoubling of the risk for AD compared with the G/C and C/C genotypes(odd rat io 2.223, 95%CI 1.075~4.599).However, the IE1 G al ele is also closely associated with apoE 4.When the sample was split on the basis of apo Egenotype, the associat ion between IE1 G/G genotype and AD was no longer statistically significant.CONCLUSION: ApoE ε4 was a risk factor of AD, and the apparent association between IE1 G/G and AD is a consequence of the association between the ε4 and IE1 G/G genotype.     

An aggregation index (AI) to quantify spatial patterns of landscapes

There is often need to measure aggregation levels of spatial patterns within a single map class in landscape ecological studies. The contagion index (CI), shape index (SI), and probability of adjacency of the same class (Qi), all have certain limits when measuring aggregation of spatial patterns. We have developed an aggregation index (AI) that is class specific and independent of landscape composition. AI assumes that a class with the highest level of aggregation (AI =1) is comprised of pixels sharing the most possible edges. A class whose pixels share no edges (completely disaggregated) has the lowest level of aggregation (AI =0). AI is similar to SI and Qi, but it calculates aggregation more precisely than the latter two. We have evaluated the performance of AI under varied levels of (1) aggregation, (2) number of patches, (3) spatial resolutions, and (4) real species distribution maps at various spatial scales. AI was able to produce reasonable results under all these circumstances. Since it is class specific, it is more precise than CI, which measures overall landscape aggregation. Thus, AI provides a quantitative basis to correlate the spatial pattern of a class with a specific process. Since AI is a ratio variable, map units do not affect the calculation. It can be compared between classes from the same or different landscapes, or even the same classes from the same landscape under different resolutions.     

大兴安岭北部的灰化土

大兴安岭北部,即伊勒呼里山以北的大兴安岭主体部分,大致位于北纬51°20'—53°28',东经121°31'—126°30'之间,是我国的最北端。其地带性土壤类型,过去说法不一,曾有人命名为生草灰化土¹⁾、棕色灰化土、棕色泰加林土²⁾、灰白色森林土(中国科学院内蒙古宁夏综合考察队等,1978)、棕色针叶林土³⁾、漂灰土(中国科学院南京土壤研究所主编,1978)等。