不同外援营养液对白灵菇生长的影响

以白灵菇菌株TN01为试材,选取香菇、杏鲍菇、白玉菇3种食用菌菇根为原料配制外援营养液,测定各营养液主要成分含量,并研究了不同类型与浓度营养液对白灵菇菌丝及子实体生长的影响,以期为白灵菇的高产栽培技术提供参考依据。结果表明:与常规PDA培养基相比,适量加入白玉菇菇根提取液可提高白灵菇菌丝生长速度;添加外援营养液对子实体的农艺性状影响不大,对产量有一定的促进作用,其中施用香菇菇根提取液的白灵菇子实体产量最高,小区总产量与对照相比提高了54.6%。施用香菇菇根提取液后对白灵菇子实体中的硝酸盐含量及蛋白质含量有提升的效果,但对亚硝酸盐及粗纤维含量无促增长的效果。     

甘蔗优良新品种(系)抗褐锈病基因Bru1的分子检测及自然抗性评价

甘蔗褐锈病是目前中国蔗区发生最普遍、危害最严重的病害之一,选育和种植抗病品种是防治该病最为经济有效的措施。为明确近年国家甘蔗体系育成的50个新品种(系)对甘蔗褐锈病的抗性,确定其应用潜力,本研究通过在甘蔗褐锈病高发蔗区云南德宏、保山2个区域化试验站,采用田间自然抗性调查与分子标记辅助鉴定抗性基因的方法,于2014年和2015年对中国近年选育的50个优良新品种(系)及2个主栽品种进行抗褐锈病基因Bru1的分子检测及自然抗性评价。田间自然发病调查结果表明,50个优良新品种(系)及2个主栽品种中,高抗至中抗的有34个,占65.38%。其中15个材料表现高抗,占28.85%,16个材料表现抗病,占30.77%,3个材料表现中抗,占5.77%;分子检测结果显示,共29个抗病材料含有抗褐锈病基因Bru1,出现频率为55.77%,表明中国近年选育的优良新品种(系)中抗褐锈病性主要由Bru1控制;其余5个抗病材料均不含抗褐锈病基因Bru1,暗示除了Bru1外,可能还有其他抗褐锈病基因存在。不同系列品种田间感病品种的频率和含抗褐锈病基因Bru1的频率不同,粤糖系列品种感病品种的频率最高达到60%,含Bru1的频率最低,只有30%,抗性最弱;云蔗系列品种感锈病品种的频率最低只有12.5%,含Bru1的频率最高,达到81.25%,抗性最好。本研究结果为深入开展甘蔗抗褐锈病育种,选育和推广优良抗病品种,有效防控甘蔗褐锈病提供了科学依据和优良抗性新品种(系)。     

黄冠梨鸡爪病发病特点研究

对影响黄冠梨鸡爪病的因素进行了研究和分析.结果表明,施用钾、氮、磷化学肥料均加重病害发生,其中钾肥影响最大;高接树果实发病率显著高于定植树;长果枝结果的果实发病重,短果枝发病轻;使用梨果膨大剂,果实发病时间提前15d;近成熟期较大降雨明显加重该病的发生;果实袋类型对该病的发生影响不明显.     

EMC技术对RPC流动度及强度的影响

EMC（Energetically Modified Cement）技术是一项基于粉磨工艺的新技术．其对RPC性能的影响目前尚不明确．试验研究了EMC技术的使用对RPC流动度和各类型高效减水剂的最佳掺量的影响,同时通过试验探讨了EMC技术对RPC各龄期和不同水胶比下强度的影响．试验结果表明,EMC技术的使用使RPC的流动度降低,且使高效减水剂的最佳掺量也稍有降低,使用萘系减水剂更为明显;另一方面,使用EMC技术后,RPC的1d的抗压和抗折强度分别提高了103．4％和27．2％,28d则分别提高了25．1％和36．6％;同时EMC技术降低了强度对各种因素如水胶比大小等的敏感性．     

芦笋品种比较试验初报

芦笋品种比较试验结果表明：GIJNLIM具有抗病性强、产量高和商品性好等优良性状,是福建省东山县等地替代主栽品种UC157的首选品种;其次可以选择THIELIM。     

Effect of ovariectomy on biological characteristics of MSCs from SD rats

AIM: To investigate the effects of ovariectomy on the biological characteristics of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the osteoporotic (OP) SD rats and normal rats by comparing the morphology, growth curve and cell cycle. METHODS: Female SD rats of 10-month old were randomly divided into model group and sham operation group (10 rats in each group). The osteoporotic model was established by ovariectomy. Twelve weeks after ovariectomy, the MSCs were isolated from normal and OP rats, and purified by differential time adherent method. The morphological difference of the MSCs between normal and OP rats was observed under inverted phase contrast microscope, transmission electronic microscope (TEM) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM). The growth curves of the MSCs were detected by MTT method. The cell cycles of the MSCs were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Compared to the MSCs from normal rats, the morphology of the MSCs form OP rats became wider and flatter, the cell organelles were decreased and the cell viability was descended. The differentiation of the MSCs from OP rats into adipocytes appeared and the cell multiplication capacity was declined. CONCLUSION: The cell morphology of the MSCs derived from rats with ovariectomy changes obviously and the cell multiplication capacity is decreased.     

Effectiveness and pathologic changes of transplantation of human mesenchymal stem cells in SOD1-G93A mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

AIM: To study intravenous transplantation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on the life span and pathological change of SOD1-G93A amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mice. METHODS: hMSCs were cultured and expanded from heparinized bone marrow cells from healthy donors and the purity and features were identified with FCM. hMSCs (3×106) resuspended in 0.3 mL DMEM or 0.3 mL DMEM only were injected into the tail vein of genotyped SOD1-G93A ALS mice. The mice were evaluated for signs of motor deficit with 4-point scoring system according to Weydt and the onset and life span were assessed. The pathological change was observed with Nissl staining and number of motor neuron was counted. RESULTS: The onset symptoms in untreated SOD1-G93A ALS mice appeared at (156.6±3.6) d of age and the average life span was (188.3±3.5) d. hMSCs transplantation delayed the onset of ALS type symptoms about 14 d and prolonged the life span about 18 d compared to the untreated SOD1-G93A littermates. The loss of motor neurons in untreated mice was much faster and severer than that in hMSCs transplanted mice. At 16 th week and 20 th week, motor neurons of untreated mice were significantly fewer than those of transplanted mice. β-globin gene in brain was detected in transplanted ALS mice. CONCLUSION: hMSCs migrate to central nervous system after intravenous transplantation, prolong the life span and delay the onset and motor neuron loss in SOD1-G93A ALS mice.     

Caspase-3 gene silencing attenuates apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells after Streptococcus pneumoniae infection

AIM: To investigate the influence of Streptococcus pneumoniae on the apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cell and the modulation of caspases-3 on apoptosis. METHODS: A study was undertaken to determine whether Streptococcus pneumoniae infection induced the apoptosis of A549 and facilitated the expression of pro-inflammative cytokine. After inhibited by siRNA, the expression of caspase-3 and apoptosis grade in A549 were determined. RESULTS: Streptococcus pneumoniae contributed to alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis in a time-dependent manner. Streptococcus pneumoniae facilitated the expression of caspase-3 and IL-6 in A549, while depressed IL-10 concentration in culture medium. SiRNA directly decreased the expression of caspase-3 to rescue A549 from apoptosis but not affected IL-6 and IL-10 concentration. CONCLUSION: caspase-3 gene silencing rescues epithelial cells from apoptosis initiated by Streptococcus pneumoniae infection.     

Relationship between polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme gene and different traditional Chinese medicine syndrome in patients with essential hypertension

AIM: To study the distribution of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene I/D polymorphism and its relationship with various traditional Chinese medicine (TCM ) syndromes in patients with essential hypertension.METHODS: 120 individuals with essential hypertension were involved and classified into liver-fire hyperactivity(LFH) syndrome,yin-deficiency and yang-hyperactivity(YDYH) syndrome, yin-yang deficiency(YYD) syndrome and sputum-dampness retention(SDR) syndrome based on the syndrome differentiation of TCM, while 30 normal individuals served as the control group.The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to test ACE I/D polymorphism.RESULTS: The ACE gene DD genotype in yin-deficiency and yang-hyperactivity syndrome was markedly higher than that in control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in ACE gene II, ID genotypes and alleles between patients with hypertension and normal controls(P>0.05).There was no difference in ACE genotype and allele among different TCM syndromes in patients with essential hypertension(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: The DD genotype of ACE polymorphism is associated with yin-deficiency and yang-hyperactivity syndrome in patients with essential hypertension.     

天峨县超级稻施肥存在的问题及对策

超级稻是天峨县主推的水稻良种之一,其在保障该县粮食安全和农民增收中占有重要的地位。通过对该县水稻施肥的专项调查,发现超级稻在施肥管理上还存在一些突出问题,由此有针对性地提出改进措施,以促进水稻科学合理施肥,实现稻田节肥增效和农民增收目标。