兔骨髓间充质干细胞的分离培养及肝内示踪

通过分离培养兔骨髓来源的间充质干细胞(MSCs),示踪其肝内移植命运,为MSCs的细胞治疗肝脏疾病提供理论依据和试验支持.采取全骨髓贴壁培养法分离培养兔骨髓MSCs,利用携带增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)的慢病毒载体感染MSCs,选择最优转染效率,并移植入经D-氨基半乳糖诱导的急性/亚急性肝衰竭受体兔体内,荧光显微镜下...     

同胚增殖鸡新城疫病毒和传染性支气管炎病毒的效果观察及免疫应答反应

鸡新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）和鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）混合在同一鸡胚中增殖,当ＮＤＶ和ＩＢＶ接种浓度控制在一定范围时,最佳收毒时间选择使ＮＤＶ有足够时间增殖到最佳滴度,且在这一时间内不至于因孵育时间过长而致ＩＢＶ毒力减弱。结果表明ＮＤＶＬａｓｏｔａ株经１０倍稀释分别与４株ＩＢＶ１０００倍稀释液等体积混合后接种,能在同一鸡胚中正常增殖,即９６ｈ收毒,血凝（ＨＡ）方法测定两种病毒的血凝价均能达到最佳滴度,其血凝价不低于各自单独增殖的滴度。４种ＩＢＶ株与ＮＤＶ同胚增殖的ＨＡ滴度进一步证实,在合适的条件下,ＩＢＶ均不对ＮＤＶ的复制产生干扰作用,４种ＩＢＶ的血凝价无明显差异。免疫试验中用同胚增殖两种病毒二联苗接种,鸡体血清中可产生抗两种病毒的ＨＩ抗体,与各自单独接种时的ＨＩ抗体水平几乎一致。本试验中制备的ＩＢ血凝抗原在４℃保存一个月,其血凝活性保持不变。ＩＢＶ微量血凝抑制（ＨＩ）试验特异性测定结果证实,用自制ＩＢＶ血凝抗原进行ＨＩ试验检测鸡ＩＢ阳性血清均能产生稳定的特异性反应,并且无交叉反应。说明ＨＩ试验是检测ＩＢＶ抗体水平的有效可行的方法。     

三黄白术片对人工感染鸡传染性法氏囊病的疗效

３组１６日龄小鸡人工感染以鸡传染性法氏囊病（ＩＢＤ）病毒,４８ｈ后出现临床症状,分别内服三黄白术片,剂量分别为０．３７５ｇ,０．２５ｇ和０．１２５ｇ,每日２次,连服５日,随后的１０日内,治疗组分别死亡１３．３％（４／３０）、１６．７％（５／３０）和４０％（１２／３０）,而未治疗的对照组死亡５３．３％（１６／３０）。在相对增重上,治疗组分别为７３．９％、７０．１％和７１．１％,而未治疗对照组为２５．８％。     

不同pH值对从羽毛粉水解液中提取磺基丙酸得率影响的研究

本研究探索了不同ｐＨ值对氧化后羽毛粉水解液中提取磺基丙酸得率的影响，结果表明：用等电点沉淀分离水解液中的磺基丙酸是可行的，当水解液ｐＨ值调到４．６～４．７时，其得率及纯度高。经过二次结晶制得了纯度为６５．０５％的磺基丙酸制剂     

牛副结核检疫中的非特异性干扰

给犊牛接种各种分枝杆菌，然后以副结核ＰＰＤ进行变态反应试验，观察各分枝杆菌感染对副结核变态反应的干扰；从各种分枝杆菌感染牛群采取血清进行副结核ＥＬＩＳＡ检测，以观察各分枝杆菌血清对牛副结核ＥＬＩＳＡ的干扰。结果：多种分枝杆菌，特别是鸟胞内分枝杆菌、瘰疬分枝杆菌的感染可干扰副结核变态反应；部分结核牛血清干扰副结核ＥＬＩＳＡ的检测     

饲料产品的采样及实验室制备

<正>饲料分析的程序一般为:饲料的采样、制备和保存,样品的预处理、成分分析、分析数据处理及分析报告的撰写。所谓饲料采样就是从整批饲料的原料或成品中抽取具有一定代表性的样品。要正确采样,必须遵守两个原则:第一,采集的样品要均匀,有代表性,能反应全部被测饲料的组分、质量和卫生状况;第二,采样过程中要设法保持原有的理化指标,防止成分逸散或带入杂质。     

鹅细小病毒研究进展

小鹅瘟是由鹅细小病毒引起的一种急性、亚急性烈性传染病,是目前危害养鹅业的重要传染病之一。近年来关于鹅细小病毒的研究又有了新的发展和新的观点,作者从鹅细小病毒分子生物学、检测方法、致病机理和抗原位点的定位等方面进行了阐述。     

不同激素剂量对幼鼠超数排卵及超排卵质量的影响

应用国产激素制剂对３～８周龄昆明种小白鼠进行了超数排卵处理,重点观察了不同激素剂量对幼龄小鼠的超排效果及超排卵质量的影响。实验结果表明,以ＰＭＳＧ与ｈＣＧ各１０ＩＵ剂量超排３～８周龄小鼠,５周龄小鼠的超排效果（平均获卵８３．８±１０．２个）极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）好于４～８周龄小鼠的超排效果（平均获卵３９．２～４９．８个）,而３周龄小鼠超排卵受精后体外培养的卵裂率（９７．１％）、桑椹胚率（８６．８％）和囊胚率（６５．１％）与４～８周龄超排卵的（分别为８５．５％～１００．０％、９４．９％～１００．０％和６３．２％～８７．７％）相近;以ＰＭＳＧ与ｈＣＧ各５ＩＵ剂量超排３～５周龄小鼠,３周龄小鼠的超排效果（平均获卵５９．０±６．５个）显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）好于４周龄小鼠的超排效果（平均获卵３１．４±４．９个）,并极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）好于５周龄小鼠的超排效果（平均获卵２１．４±３．３个）;以ＰＭＳＧ与ｈＣＧ各１５ＩＵ剂量超排３～５周龄小鼠,３周龄小鼠的超排效果（平均获卵４８．６±７．３个）显著（Ｐ＜０．０５）好于５周龄小鼠的超排效果（平均获卵２５．２±５．８个）,也好于４周龄小鼠的超排效果（平均获卵４０．２±５．１个     

油茶有效传粉蜂种研究进展

油茶(Camellia oleifera)属异花虫媒授粉树种,是我国重要的油料植物。油茶的结实率相当大程度上依赖于传粉昆虫,其中传粉效率较高的大分舌蜂、油茶地蜂等膜翅目昆虫是主要的有效传粉昆虫。综述了几种油茶有效传粉蜂的生物学特性、传粉特性以及引放技术,并展望今后油茶授粉研究方向及重点。     

Substitution of wheat dried distillers grains with solubles for barley grain or barley silage in feedlot cattle diets: intake, digestibility, and ruminal fermentation

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of substituting wheat dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) for barley grain and barley silage on intake, digestibility, and ruminal fermentation in feedlot beef cattle. Eight ruminally cannulated Angus heifers (initial BW 455 ± 10.8 kg) were assigned to a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 4 treatments: control, low (25%), medium (30%), and high (35%) wheat DDGS (DM basis). The diets consisted of barley silage, barley concentrate, and wheat DDGS in ratios of 15:85:0 (CON), 10:65:25 (25DDGS), 5:65:30 (30DDGS), and 0:65:35 (35DDGS; DM basis), respectively. The diets were formulated such that wheat DDGS was substituted for both barley grain and barley silage to evaluate whether wheat DDGS can be fed as a source of both energy (grain) and fiber in feedlot finishing diets. Intakes (kg/d) of DM and OM were not different, whereas those of CP, NDF, ADF, and ether extract (EE) were greater (P < 0.01) and intake of starch was less (P < 0.01) for the 25DDGS compared with the CON diet. The digestibilities of CP, NDF, ADF, and EE in the total digestive tract were greater (P < 0.05) for 25DDGS vs. CON. Ruminal pH and total VFA concentrations were not different (P > 0.15) between 25DDGS and CON diets. Replacing barley silage with increasing amounts of wheat DDGS (i.e., from 25DDGS to 35DDGS) linearly reduced (P < 0.05) intakes of DM and other nutrients without altering (P=0.40) CP intake. In contrast, digestibilities of DM and other nutrients in the total digestive tract linearly increased (P < 0.05) with increasing wheat DDGS except for that of EE. Additionally, with increasing amounts of wheat DDGS, mean ruminal pH tended (P=0.10) to linearly decrease, and ruminal pH status decreased with longer (P=0.04) duration of pH <5.5 and <5.2, and greater (P=0.01) curve area under pH <5.8 and <5.5 without altering (P > 0.19) ruminal VFA and NH(3)-N concentrations. Results indicated that wheat DDGS can be effectively used to replace both barley grain and silage at a moderate amount to meet energy and fiber requirements of finishing cattle. However, when silage content of the diet is low (<10%), wheat DDGS is not an effective fiber source, so replacing forage fiber with wheat DDGS in finishing diets decreases overall ruminal pH status even though the rapidly fermentable starch content of the diet is considerably reduced.