和胃保肝对建鲤肠绒毛高度和肝细胞的影响

挑选个体大小、体重相近(15g左右)的建鲤50尾,随机分为5组(G1、G2、G3、G4和G5),即基础料组(对照组)、0.1%和胃保肝添加组、0.2%和胃保肝添加组、0.4%和胃保肝添加组和0.8%和胃保肝添加组,每组2个重复,每个重复10尾建鲤。饲喂3周后取建鲤肠道和肝脏制成组织切片,测定肠绒毛高度。结果表明:0.1%、0.2%、0.4%、0.8%和胃保肝不同添加量试验组建鲤的肠绒毛高度都极显著高于对照组(P0.01),各试验组建鲤肝脏细胞的胞浆密度比对照组的大。在建鲤饲料中添加0.4%和胃保肝,促进建鲤肠绒毛增长和提高肝脏细胞胞浆密度效果最好。     

美国大学消费主义倾向及其启示

对美国大学消费主义进行了理论阐释,在对美国大学消费主义的表现进行阐述与分析的基础,提出对我国高等教育发展的启示.     

马尾松净光合速率初步研究

本文研究了马尾松一年生苗的鳞叶及幼树１、２年生针叶的月龄与净光合速率的变化规律；马尾松天然更新树团的生境，生产结构，净光合速率及净生产力的变化。进一步论述了马尾松的光合生态特性，并据此对马尾松育苗，培育过程中抚育管理措施制订及实施的最佳时段进行了论证。     

互叶白千层引种与栽培试验初报

对近年新引进的互叶白千层苗期和幼林生长效应的研究结果表明，在引种区苗期以湿润沙质壤土生长最好；盆栽施肥在本试验条例上以Ｎ：０．５－１．０；Ｐ：０．６－０．９，Ｋ：０．８－１．２ｇ／盆为适宜施肥量；造林时，施基肥一不施基肥生长显著；林地施不同追肥２个月后，根据树高、地径、地上部分生物量得出的施肥效果排序为：复合肥Ⅱ〉复合肥〉碳氨〉尿素。     

四川乡土和引进丛生竹的生长表现及竹丛营养空间拓展分析

围绕四川竹业资源培植需求,对8个丛生竹竹(品)种引种栽培3 a的生长性状变化和适应性进行分析.从立竹胸高断面积、竹丛篼幅及冠幅的变异系数变化,探讨了竹丛生长的营养空间拓展及其立地适应性表现.结果表明,丛生竹造林3 a的生长增殖已正常地表现出丛生竹无性系种群增长及结构动态,竹林已具备资源生态经济价值.     

竹类结构植物学研究进展

本文从竹秆、节部、叶、根、地下轴系统、胚胎等几个方面 ,对竹类结构植物学的研究进行了回顾 ,并对以后的工作进行展望。     

Dietary dihydroartemisinin supplementation alleviates intestinal inflammatory injury through TLR4/NOD/NF-κB signaling pathway in weaned piglets with intrauterine growth retardation

The aim of present study was to evaluate whether diets supplemented with dihydroartemisinin (DHA) could alleviate intestinal inflammatory injury in weaned piglets with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Twelve normal birth weight (NBW) piglets and 12 piglets with IUGR were fed a basal diet (NBW-CON and IUCR-CON groups), and another 12 piglets with IUGR were fed the basal diet supplemented with DHA at 80 mg/kg (IUGR-DHA group) from 21 to 49 d of age. At 49 d of age, 8 piglets with similar body weight in each group were sacrificed. The jejunal and ileal samples were collected for further analysis. The results showed that IUGR impaired intestinal morphology, increased intestinal inflammatory response, raised enterocyte apoptosis and reduced enterocyte proliferation and activated transmembrane toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Dihydroartemisinin inclusion ameliorated intestinal morphology, indicated by increased villus height, villus height-to-crypt depth ratio, villus surface area and decreased villus width of piglets with IUGR (P < 0.05). Compared with NBW piglets, IUGR piglets supplemented with DHA exhibited higher apoptosis index and caspase-3 expression, and lower proliferation index and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in the intestine (P < 0.05). Dihydroartemisinin supplementation attenuated the intestinal inflammation of piglets with IUGR, indicated by increased concentrations of intestinal inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharides (P < 0.05). In addition, DHA supplementation down-regulated the related mRNA expressions of TLR4/NOD/NF-κB signaling pathway and upregulated mRNA expressions of negative regulators of TLR4 and NOD signaling pathway in the intestine of piglets with IUGR (P < 0.05). Piglets in the IUGR-DHA group showed lower protein expressions of TLR4, phosphorylated NF-κB (pNF-κB) inhibitor α, nuclear pNF-κB, and higher protein expression of cytoplasmic pNF-κB in the intestine than those in the IUGR-CON group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, DHA supplementation could improve intestinal morphology, regulate enterocyte proliferation and apoptosis, and alleviate intestinal inflammation through TLR4/NOD/NF-κB signaling pathway in weaned piglets with IUGR.     

Adiponectin‐impaired adipocyte differentiation negatively regulates fat deposition in chicken

Adiponectin is a protein hormone secreted exclusively by adipocytes that plays an important role in the modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. To investigate the effect of adiponectin on lipid metabolism in chicken, rosiglitazone (agonist of adiponectin) and dexamethasone (inhibitor of adiponectin) were used to treat 23‐day‐old broilers in vivo. To verify the functionality of adiponectin on fat deposition, chicken pre‐adipocytes were cultured in the medium containing 10 μg/ml adiponectin. Serum adiponectin and lipids and fat distribution were analysed. Oil Red O staining was used to determine lipid deposition in adipocytes. The expression levels of adiponectin, adiponectin receptors (AdipoR) and lipid metabolism–related genes in different tissues and pre‐adipocytes were measured using real‐time PCR, and the abundance of lipid metabolism–related proteins was measured by Western blot. Rosiglitazone increased serum adiponectin concentration and the expression levels of adiponectin and adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) in tissues and significantly decreased levels of serum lipids and fat deposition. Rosiglitazone significantly increased the expression levels of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and AdipoR1 and decreased the expression levels of fatty acid synthase (FAS). Dexamethasone had the converse effects compared with rosiglitazone. Oil red O staining results showed a marked decrease in fat deposition in cells treated with adiponectin. In adipocytes, adiponectin could decrease the expression levels of CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α (C/EBPα) and FAS and increased the expression levels of ATGL and AdipoR1. These results indicate that adiponectin has a remarkable effect on impairment of adipocyte differentiation, which contributes to the negative regulation of fat deposition in chicken.     

华亭县肉牛养殖业发展现状及对策建议

华亭县自古以来就是黄牛的主产区之一,又是秦川牛、早胜牛的边缘产区,养牛已成了当地农户发展致富的主导产业。本文在调查研究的基础上,对华亭县肉牛养殖业发展中存在的问题进行了综合分析,基础母牛保护力度不大、资金短缺、技术匮乏、基础设施落后,产业加工链短是制约华亭县肉牛养殖业发展壮大的主要瓶颈,针对以上问题,提出了一些可行的对策建议,以促进该县进一步加快肉牛改良、扩繁和规模化发展,降低养殖户养殖成本,提高经济效益。