拟南芥体内硝酸盐积累差异与细胞膜H+-ATPase的关系

以野生型拟南芥(WT)和叶柄硝酸盐积累减少的拟南芥突变体atnar1.4为材料,研究了叶柄与叶片硝酸盐的积累及细胞膜H+-ATPase.采用两相法分离了2种材料细胞膜并测定了细胞膜H+-ATPase活性,通过RT-PCR分析了WT与atnrt1.4叶柄及叶片中各个细胞膜H+-ATPase基因的表达,并采用Western blot分析了WT与atnrt1.4叶柄及叶片细胞膜上H+-ATPase的蛋白浓度.结果显示:atnrt1.4叶柄硝酸盐积累显著低于WT叶柄,仅为WT的58.6％;atnrt1.4叶柄中细胞膜H+-ATPase基因AHA3、AHA5、AHA10和AHA11的表达比WT显著降低;atnrt1.4叶柄细胞膜H+-ATPase蛋白浓度也显著低于WT叶柄.WT叶柄硝酸盐积累显著高于叶片,相应的细胞膜H+-ATPase的水解活性也显著高于叶片.上述研究表明:atnrt1.4叶柄硝酸盐积累减少导致其细胞膜H+-ATPase活性降低;拟南芥体内硝酸盐积累差异与细胞膜H+-ATPase活性有关.     

利用SSR 标记分析甘蔗重要亲本粤农73-204及其衍生品种的遗传多样性

为深入了解甘蔗重要亲本粤农73-204(YN73-204)及其衍生品种之间的遗传关系,利用SSR标记研究了甘蔗亲本粤农73-204及其衍生系、相关品种共计20份甘蔗材料的遗传多样性.结果显示,52对SSR引物检测到512个变异位点,每对引物平均为9.8个,变幅为5～20个.20份甘蔗材料遗传多样性GS变幅为0.6518～0.9086,整体遗传差异相对较小.54对引物多态性信息含量(PIC)变幅为0～0.50,平均为0.29.UPGMA聚类分析将20份甘蔗材料分成4大类,聚类结果能较好地反映品种之间的遗传关系.     

Dietary dihydroartemisinin supplementation alleviates intestinal inflammatory injury through TLR4/NOD/NF-κB signaling pathway in weaned piglets with intrauterine growth retardation

The aim of present study was to evaluate whether diets supplemented with dihydroartemisinin (DHA) could alleviate intestinal inflammatory injury in weaned piglets with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Twelve normal birth weight (NBW) piglets and 12 piglets with IUGR were fed a basal diet (NBW-CON and IUCR-CON groups), and another 12 piglets with IUGR were fed the basal diet supplemented with DHA at 80 mg/kg (IUGR-DHA group) from 21 to 49 d of age. At 49 d of age, 8 piglets with similar body weight in each group were sacrificed. The jejunal and ileal samples were collected for further analysis. The results showed that IUGR impaired intestinal morphology, increased intestinal inflammatory response, raised enterocyte apoptosis and reduced enterocyte proliferation and activated transmembrane toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Dihydroartemisinin inclusion ameliorated intestinal morphology, indicated by increased villus height, villus height-to-crypt depth ratio, villus surface area and decreased villus width of piglets with IUGR (P < 0.05). Compared with NBW piglets, IUGR piglets supplemented with DHA exhibited higher apoptosis index and caspase-3 expression, and lower proliferation index and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression in the intestine (P < 0.05). Dihydroartemisinin supplementation attenuated the intestinal inflammation of piglets with IUGR, indicated by increased concentrations of intestinal inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharides (P < 0.05). In addition, DHA supplementation down-regulated the related mRNA expressions of TLR4/NOD/NF-κB signaling pathway and upregulated mRNA expressions of negative regulators of TLR4 and NOD signaling pathway in the intestine of piglets with IUGR (P < 0.05). Piglets in the IUGR-DHA group showed lower protein expressions of TLR4, phosphorylated NF-κB (pNF-κB) inhibitor α, nuclear pNF-κB, and higher protein expression of cytoplasmic pNF-κB in the intestine than those in the IUGR-CON group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, DHA supplementation could improve intestinal morphology, regulate enterocyte proliferation and apoptosis, and alleviate intestinal inflammation through TLR4/NOD/NF-κB signaling pathway in weaned piglets with IUGR.     

冬小麦冬灌、秸秆覆盖、后期喷生长剂的节水增产效果的研究

试验证明，适时冬灌比早春灌，具有良好的防旱防冻、促根壮蘖增穗作用；小麦越冬期秸秆覆盖能保墒和提高土壤水分的调节能力，为当季小麦生长和套播玉米创造适宜的土壤水分条件；于小麦孕穗和灌浆期喷翠竹生长剂，其增粒增重作用显著。采取冬灌、越冬秸秆覆盖和孕穗、灌浆期喷生长剂等配套措施，可实现保墒与节水相结合，壮苗促蘖增穗与增粒增重的统一，节水增产效果显著。     

咪鲜胺原药中微量2,4,6-三氯苯酚测定方法的研究

建立了高效液相色谱法测定咪鲜胺原药中微量2,4,6-三氯苯酚含量的方法。采用Hypersil BDS C18色谱柱,以甲醇/水(72/28 V/V)为流动相(每500mL流动相中含0.5g四丁基溴化铵),检测波长为296nm,2,4,6-三氯苯酚的质量浓度在0～871.2μg/L范围内线性关系良好,其线性相关系数为0.999 8;加标回收率为99.71%～102.02%,变异系数为1.14%,检出限为0.88μg/L。     

从淋滤液性质看土壤的酸雨危害问题

在室内条件下,用不同 pH 模拟酸雨淋洗土柱,研究现实酸雨对重庆地区石灰性、中性、酸性三种紫色土和酸性黄壤的危害结果表明,淋雨 pH≥4时对四种土壤无显著影响;pH2的酸雨能使酸性和中性紫色土及酸性黄壤明显酸化,此时土壤滤液 pH 可降低2—3个单位;石灰性土壤对 pH2—4酸雨均不敏感。土壤钙、镁离子的淋失速率和淋雨 pH 呈显著负相关;钾、钠离子与淋雨酸度无明显相关。当酸雨 pH≤3时能使酸性和中性土壤的铝活化溶出;若向土壤中施用碳酸钙,可减少30—90%的活性铝溶出。     

萜烯二硫代羧酸乙酯的合成及其选矿性能

以松节油为起始原料合成了萜烯二硫代羧酸乙酯和萜烯黄原酸乙酯的混合物,并对其在选矿工艺中用作铜捕收剂的性能进了探索性研究     

用H103大孔吸附树脂提取赤霉素A3的初步研究

研究了用大孔吸附树脂从赤霉素溶液中提取ＧＡ３,包括吸附剂、洗脱剂的筛选及操作过程中条件的选择等。结果表明,Ｈ１０３大孔树脂（干）对ＧＡ３的静态和动态吸附量分别达１．３５×１０４和９．３５×１０４μｇ／ｇ（溶液浓度２０００μｇ／ｍＬ）,静态吸附等温线属Ｌａｎｇｍｉｕｒ型。最适吸附ｐＨ为２．０～３．０,一定浓度的盐有利于吸附。静态吸附时间１～２ｈ,树脂投加量以６％为宜。丙酮为最佳解吸剂。在放大试验中,吸附率达９８．２％,解吸率为９５．３２％,结晶收率９４．８５％,总收率８８．７８％。     

海南槟榔土壤养分与其养分特征及作用研究进展

随着海南槟榔种植面积扩大和产业发展,槟榔土壤养分,如有机质、氮、磷和钾等养分元素含量有很大降低,以至植株不能得到充足的养分,从而不能满足槟榔的生长和开花结果的营养需求,故产量偏低。植株严重缺素时,导致植株黄化, 使植株抵抗病害能力降低,使槟榔树寿命缩短。 所以对海南不同地区正常槟榔园的土壤条件和槟榔树的营养状况进行研究,且对海南槟榔土壤养分及其养分特征分析应受到极大关注,旨在通过合理施肥予及时补充槟榔土壤养分,从而提高槟榔产量和品质,同时,增强其抵抗病虫的能力。所以,本文综述了目前槟榔园土壤肥力状况、槟榔树营养特点、和槟榔土壤养分与其养分对其黄化病的影响。     

洛阳市饲料青贮质量的调查报告

饲料青贮质量的高低直接影响奶牛的产奶量及奶品质量。笔者1999年元月对洛阳市ll家奶牛场饲料青贮质量进行了调查,结果表明：各奶牛场青贮饲料的品质大致可分为优、良、差三个等级;霉变损失比例低的仅为3．6％,高的达95％,按全市青贮总量计平均霉变率为18．4％。分析提出了洛阳市饲料青贮存在的问题及对策。