应用电导仪测定番茄灰霉病菌对多菌灵抗药性的初步研究

1.0 mg/L和5.0 mg/L多菌灵盐酸盐溶液处理灰霉病菌多菌灵敏感菌株和抗性菌丝体,用电导仪测定溶液电导率的动态变化,结果表明:在敏感菌株存在时,多菌灵盐酸盐溶液2 h后的电导率显著降低,而抗性菌株存在的溶液中电导率则未见下降。     

稻瘿蚊综合防治新技术与示范

20世纪80年代后，稻瘿蚊发生危害明显回升，损失相当严重。以大田试验示范为主，系统研究了新耕作条件下稻瘿蚊综合防治，首次总结提出“喷药除草、压低虫源、抓住晚秧、做好测报、挑治本田”的综合防治新技术体系。室内外试验和大田示范表明，应用草甘膦杀死越冬寄主游草，可显著减少虫源基数；灭线磷(商品名益舒宝)、氯唑磷(商品名米乐尔)是防治稻瘿蚊的高效药剂，抗蚊青占品种高抗稻瘿蚊。此外，合理利用杀虫植物、性引诱剂和天敌等亦是防治稻瘿蚊的重要措施。在面积达12．46万hm^2的示范推广实践中，本田防治效果均达80％以上。     

苏云金杆菌高效生产菌株的筛选

从灯蛾罹病死亡幼虫中分筛筛选出苏云金杆菌ＢａｃｉｌｌｕｓｔｈｕｒｉｎｇｉｅｎｓｉｓＳＢ－１菌株，从引进的Ｂ．ｔ．菌种中筛选出ＳＢ－８菌株。该两株菌经发酵试验，生产性能良好，对抗药性强的台湾、泰国和深圳品系的小菜蛾毒力较高。田间试验表明杀虫效果好。     

采收成熟度对牛肝菌保鲜贮藏的影响

不同成熟度的食用菌子实体采后生理、病理及贮藏品质有不同的变化规律 ,本文通过对美柄牛肝菌(BoletusspeciosuFrost)三种不同成熟度的子实体的呼吸强度、呼吸商的测定分析 ,及贮藏过程中菌体外观品质变化综合评定的产生及发展进行分析 ,为牛肝菌采集及贮藏中的原料标准的制定提供依据。     

基于GIS的中国小麦条锈病菌越夏区气候区划

 基于多年的气象数据(1980~2001年),首次从制约小麦条锈病菌越夏的温度因子入手,结合寄主小麦因素,利用地理信息系统(Geographical Information System,GIS),对我国小麦条锈病菌越夏区进行较详细的气候区划。本研究从温度条件上明确了全国适合小麦条锈病菌越夏的范围。研究表明,在我国小麦种植区适合小麦条锈病菌越夏的范围很广。其中甘肃、四川、云南、陕西境内适合越夏的地区是连成一片的,甘肃东部除了西边的几个县外其它地方7、8月份最高一旬均温在20~23℃,条锈病菌越夏困难;西藏、青海境内的小麦种植区几乎都适合小麦条锈病菌越夏;贵州境内适合越夏的地区可能和云南越夏区是一个整体。云南适合越夏的地区甚广,且地形复杂,需要进一步调查研究。     

Duplex PCR 快速检测松材线虫

利用duplex PCR技术对松材线虫(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)与拟松材线虫(B. mucronatus)的rDNA部分核苷酸序列扩增.根据松材线虫与拟松材线虫的ITS1序列区别,设计出特异性引物,检测松材线虫的存在;在5.8S,28S保守序列区设计通用引物,检测伞滑刃线虫的存在.     

Cortical gene expression pattern in rat focal cerebral ischemia

AIM: To investigate the genes differential expression in cortex during rat focal cerebral ischemia.METHODS: cDNA microarray chips containing numerous cDNAs were used to investigate the gene expression pattern between samples of focal cerebral ischemia and sham-control operation rats. RESULTS: Two hundred and eleven genes differentially expressed were screened out, among these genes, up-and down-regulated genes were 199 and 12, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of gene expression pattern of focal cerebral ischemia based on cDNA microarray can realize high-throughput screening of the genes associated with the focal cerebral ischemia. The differential expression of genes may be related to the pathogenesis of focal cerebral ischemic diseases.     

Comparative expression profile of microRNAs and piRNAs in three ruminant species testes using next‐generation sequencing

microRNA (miRNA) and piwi‐interacting RNA (piRNA) are two classes small non‐coding regulatory RNAs that play crucial roles in multiple biological processes such as spermatogenesis. However, there are no published studies on conjoint analysis of miRNA and piRNA profiles among cattle, yak and their interspecies (the dzo) using sequencing technology. Next‐generation sequencing technology was used to profile miRNAs and piRNAs among those three ruminants to elucidate their functions. A total of 119, 14 and six differentially expressed miRNAs were obtained in cattle vs. dzo, cattle vs. yak and yak vs. dzo comparison groups, while there were 873, 1,065 and 1,158 differentially expressed piRNAs in those three comparison groups. The expression of three miRNAs was validated in the three ruminants, and the results suggested that the miRNA expression profiles data could represent actual miRNA expression levels. Moreover, the putative targets of differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted by their own genome, it is worth to note that both the cattle and yak genome were used for dzo, then the targets were subjected to GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis, revealing the likely roles for these differentially expressed miRNAs in spermatogenesis. In conclusion, this study provided a useful resource for further elucidation of the miRNAs and piRNAs regulatory roles in spermatogenesis. It may also facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies for dzo reproduction research.     

低温胁迫对细茎柱花草与TPRC2001-1柱花草抗寒生理指标的影响

为了探究柱花草的抗寒性,本研究以细茎柱花草(Stylosanthes guianensis var.intermedia)和TPRC2001-1柱花草(S.guianensis‘TPRC2001-1’)营养期叶片为材料,分别进行时长为0(对照)、24h和48h的低温处理,然后对其相对电导率、丙二醛、脯氨酸、可溶性糖以及可溶性蛋白的含量等指标进行测定与分析。结果表明,两种柱花草叶片的抗寒性生理指标随着低温处理时间的增加逐步上升。低温处理后,细茎柱花草的相对电导率和丙二醛含量显著低于TPRC2001-1柱花草(P0.05),而脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的含量显著高于TPRC2001-1柱花草(P0.05)。综合各项生理指标可得,两种柱花草的抗寒性强弱为细茎柱花草TPRC2001-1柱花草。     

假臭草幼苗生长对水氮耦合效应的响应

为揭示入侵植物假臭草(Praxelis clematidea)幼苗生长对不同水、氮养分耦合模式的响应机制,探讨其与入侵性的关系,以假臭草为供试材料,设计3个供水量水平、4个供氮量水平共12个处理,比较假臭草的形态、生物量分配和叶绿素含量等生长指标对不同水氮耦合效应的可塑性反应。结果显示,假臭草幼苗生长受水氮耦合影响显著(P0.05),在适宜水分和养分条件,如中水中氮处理(沙土饱和含水量60%~70%,供水量60 mL·kg~(-1),供氮量0.30g·kg~(-1))处理下,假臭草幼苗株高、茎粗、叶面积、总根长度和根表面积等根、茎、叶形态指标表现较好,生物量积累较多,植株生长较好。低水处理(沙土饱和含水量30%~40%,供水量30 mL·kg~(-1))和高水处理(沙土饱和含水量90%~100%,供水量90mL·kg~(-1))的各个氮含量处理的假臭草植株的各项根、茎、叶形态及生物量指标均差于中水处理。假臭草叶绿素对氮素较为敏感,随着氮素增加其积累量也相应增多。研究结果表明,假臭草入侵植物喜好一定的水、氮环境,过多或不足的水分或养分则不利于假臭草的生长发育,但仍有一定的分布,这与其入侵性密切相关。