Effects of xylazole alone and in combination with ketamine on the metabolic and neurohumoral responses in healthy dogs

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of xylazole (an analogue of xylazine), also known as Jingsongling, alone and in combination with ketamine, on metabolic and neurohumoral responses in healthy dogs.Study designProspective randomized experimental study.AnimalsTwelve healthy mongrel dogs (7 male, 5 female, aged 13–20 months, weighing 12.8–15.4 kg).MethodsEach dog received one of two treatments: xylazole 4 mg kg^?1 (group X n = 6); or xylazole 4 mg kg^?1 plus ketamine 10 mg kg^?1 (group XK; n = 6) intramuscularly. Pulse rate (PR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), respiratory rate (f_R), and rectal temperature (RT) were recorded before and from 5 to 100 minutes after drug administration. Venous blood samples were taken before and at intervals from 0.5 to 24 hours after drug administration for determination of plasma concentrations of norepinephrine, epinephrine, β–endorphin, cortisol, insulin, and glucose. Statistical analyses employed anova for repeated measures for changes with time and anova for comparison between treatments.ResultsIn both treatment groups. PR, f_R and RT decreased. MAP increased transiently. At some time points PR, MAP and RT were significantly lower in group X than group XK. Plasma norepinephrine, epinephrine, and insulin concentrations decreased, and β–endorphin and glucose concentrations increased with both treatments. Higher values of plasma norepinephrine, epinephrine, β–endorphin, and glucose concentrations were observed in the XK group compared with the X group.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThis study demonstrates that xylazole administered alone or in combination with ketamine in healthy dogs results in physiological, metabolic and neurohumoral responses similar to those seen after xylazine. Compared with xylazole alone, the combination of xylazole and ketamine reduced some of the responses.     

盐城市盐土农业发展潜力及产业化前景分析

盐土农业是盐城推进高效农业发展的突破口。该文着重从区位优势、自然优势、资源优势、政策优势等多方面、多角度、全面系统地阐述了盐城发展盐土农业的潜力,并对盐土农业产业规划提出了建议,对其产业化发展前景进行了分析。     

三色堇的育苗与栽培养护技术

介绍了三色堇生物学特征及育苗与栽培养护的技术要点,以期为三色堇的生产与栽培养护者提供技术参考。     

吡虫啉·戊唑醇种子处理悬浮剂对燕麦红叶病的田间防效

通过田间对比试验,测试了吡虫啉.戊唑醇种子处理悬浮剂对燕麦红叶病的防治效果,结果表明,采用(120 mL高巧+42 mL立克秀)/100 kg种子(商品量)拌种包衣,可显著提高皮燕麦的出苗率,促进幼苗生长,对皮燕麦、裸燕麦红叶病的防效分别达84.97%和47.87%,皮燕麦、裸燕麦的增产率分别达60.43%和48.96%。     

中洛输油管道输量和出站温度概率分布

管道输量和出站温度对凝管等管道流动风险具有重要影响,同时也是具有不确定性的两个重要运行参数,其概率分布模型是凝管概率分析所必需的基础资料。采用矩估计法对中洛管道濮阳首站2006年稳定运行时的外输输量和出站温度进行了参数估计,并使用Kolmogorov-Smirnov单样本检验进行非参数分布检验。结果表明,在按照开泵方案进行分组后,使用正态分布描述输量和出站温度的概率分布最合适。     

衡观35小麦丰产稳产性分析及增产途径探讨

对衡观35小麦6 a计90点次的区试和示范的丰产稳产性进行了分析,并对不同种植区域的增产途径进行了探讨。结果表明:(1)衡观35是1个矮秆大穗、抗病抗倒、高产广适型小麦品种,产量稳定在7 500~8 250 kg/hm2,并具有9 750~10 500 kg/hm2的产量潜力;(2)相关分析和通径分析结果表明,不同种植区域的产量结构不同,黄淮南片麦区三因素顺序为千粒重单位面积穗数穗粒数,冀中南麦区三因素顺序为穗粒数千粒重单位面积穗数;(3)单位面积有效穗数对产量的直接作用最大,在黄淮南片冬麦区、冀中南冬麦区通径系数分别为0.761 3和0.539 8;(4)在保证630万~675万穗/hm2群体结构的基础上,黄淮南片麦区主攻千粒重,冀中南麦区重点增加穗粒数,可发挥该品种的最大丰产潜力。     

Anti-diabetic effects of emodin involved in the activation of PPARγ on high-fat diet-fed and low dose of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

Rheum palmatum Linn has been widely applied in the clinical treatment of diabetes mellitus. It has been found that emodin as the major bioactive component of R. palmatum L exhibits the competency to activate peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) in vitro. So the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic effects of emodin through the activation of PPARγ on high-fat diet-fed and low dose of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. The diabetic mice were intraperitoneally injected with emodin for three weeks. No changes of food consumption and the body weight in emodin-treated mice were monitored daily during the entire experiment. At the end of experiment, the levels of blood glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol in serum were significantly decreased after emodin treatment. However, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) concentration was significantly elevated. The glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in emodin-treated group were significantly improved. Furthermore, the results of quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that emodin significantly elevated the mRNA expression level of PPARγ and regulated the mRNA expressions of LPL, FAT/CD36, resistin and FABPs (ap2) in liver and adipocyte tissues. No effects on the mRNA expressions of PPARα and PPARα-target genes were observed. Taken together, the results suggested that the activation of PPARγ and the modulation of metabolism-related genes were likely involved in the anti-diabetic effects of emodin.     

不同施肥方法对台湾相思苗木生长的影响

对台湾相思10个月苗木进行不同施肥方法和水分胁迫试验,结果表明:施肥对苗木高、径生长有明显的促进作用,其中平均施肥最有利于苗木的生长;在常规浇水的条件下3种施肥方法下苗木的总生物量顺序为:指数施肥平均施肥直线施肥ck(不施肥);水分胁迫有利于苗木根生物量的积累,提高了苗木的抗旱性。     

板栗角斑病的病原鉴定与杀菌剂毒力测定

对广东省近年新发现的一种板栗叶部病害进行了病原鉴定,结果为胶孢炭疽菌,但该病症状与板栗炭疽病显著不同,将其命名为角斑病。10种杀菌剂对该菌的毒力测定结果表明宝宁、扑菌清和多菌灵效果最佳,其次为叶斑净和世高。     

寒区桥梁用自密实混凝土试验研究

通过对自密实混凝土进行快冻法和3%NaCI溶液的冻融循环试验,测定不同冻融循环次数后的质量损失率和相对动弹模量及其变化特点以及冻融损伤对氯离子扩散能力的影响。结果表明：自密实混凝土随着冻融次数的增加,其表观质量、力学性能均呈现不同下降趋势。可为寒区桥梁工程设计、养护及寿命预测提供依据。