Distribution and plant community associations of the understory bamboo <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fargesia qinlingensis</Emphasis> in the Foping National Nature Reserve,China

• Introduction  

Fargesia qinlingensis is the primary food source for the endangered giant panda during the summer months in the Qinling Mountains, but little is known about its spatial distribution and plant community associations.     

黄土丘陵区小流域综合治理生态经济过程分析——以宁夏隆德县李太平小流域为例

 从生态经济系统分析角度出发,对小流域生态经济结构及其演变进行分析,以期评价小流域生态经济效益。对比分析了小流域生态经济系统土地利用结构及其适宜性、产业结构、消耗结构和饲料生产平衡,利用线性模型对土地利用结构进行了优化模拟,采用描述生态系统稳定性的多样性指数描述流域经济系统稳定性,并用静态和动态模型对治理经济效果进行评价。流域农、林、牧用地比例由1990年的6．2:2．0:1．0变为2003年的1．9:1．4:1．0;农业产值所占比重由79．6％下降为54．8％;林业、牧业、副业产值比例分别由9．6％、9．6％、1．1％上升为22．7％、15．1％、7．4％。收入多样性指数呈增加趋势,消耗结构趋向合理,饲料供需平衡,经济评价中各指标均显示经济效益显著,表明生态经济结构明显有利于生态经济系统的进展演变,流域生态经济结构趋于稳定,生态经济效益显著。     

DQSY型模拟降雨装置研制通报

 在分析、借鉴国内外研制经验的基础上,研制单喷头曲面设计、双层喷射变雨强弹簧调节的野外模拟降雨喷头,实现了以单喷头替代多喷头组合式模拟降雨装置,并达到同样模拟降雨效果。由于喷头采用曲面设计,确保喷射水舌有规律地变化;模拟雨滴动能接近于天然降雨动能;模拟降雨过程均匀;喷射面积稳定。实测证明:雨滴中数直径为0.574.26mm,降雨均匀系数≥0.8（±0.05）,降雨面积为150 m2,模拟降雨强度为30～240 mm/h。     

桑籽皮多酚的提取工艺研究

通过单因素试验,分析了不同浸提剂、浸提剂浓度、料液比、浸提时间、浸提温度5个因素对桑籽皮多酚提取量的影响,通过正交试验,确定了桑籽皮多酚的最佳提取条件为:浸提剂(丙酮)体积分数为70%,料液比1∶35,回流温度45℃,回流时间1.5h。在此提取条件下,提取量达到1.332mg/g干籽皮,为桑籽皮多酚的工业化提取提供科学依据。     

非饱和黄土中的吸力与有效应力

用压力板法和回归分析法研究了基质吸力对非饱和黄土强度性质的影响。结果表明，非饱和黄土的基质吸力与饱和度在双对数座标上呈直线关系；起始基质吸力与液限、塑性指数及粘粒含量呈线性规律变化；有效应力影响系数与其起始基质吸力呈线性关系，且随粘粒含量的增大而增大。     

同羊春毛理化特性的研究

研究结果表明,同羊春毛纤维类型数量比例较30年前有所改善.比秋毛弯曲明显整齐,弯曲率大,光泽好,摩擦效应大;17种氨基酸含量及总量也多于秋毛;伸度和强度的集中性及含硫量差于秋毛;表面结构也不及秋毛好,特别是含硫量还低于羊毛一般水平.     

火地塘林区油松林的群落类型及结构特征的研究

通过Noy－Meir分离法和PCA排序分析，把火地塘林区油松天然林的优势灌木划分为照山白、绿叶胡枝子、粉背黄栌、华北绣线菊等4个生态种组；据此将油松群系划分为3个群丛组。绿叶胡枝子—油松林和黄栌—油松林这两个群丛组多为单层同世代异龄林，其演替趋向为松栎混交林；照山白十六道木—油松林群丛组为复层多世代异龄林，是相对稳定的以油松为优势的群落。     

薄皮甜瓜杂交一代新品种"甜罐"特征特性及栽培技术

甜瓜，因其生态类型不同，分薄皮甜瓜和厚皮甜瓜两大类型。我们经过几年的科研开发，培育出薄皮甜瓜杂交一代新品种——甜罐，不仅完全保留了薄皮甜瓜的特点，又增加了抗重茬性和耐贮运性能。     

Expression of interleukin-10 activity by Epstein-Barr virus protein BCRF1

Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF; interleukin-10), a product of mouse TH2 T cell clones that inhibits synthesis of cytokines by mouse TH1 T cell clones, exhibits extensive sequence similarity to an uncharacterized open reading frame in the Epstein-Barr virus BCRF1. Recombinant BCRF1 protein mimics the activity of interleukin-10, suggesting that BCRF1 may have a role in the interaction of the virus with the host's immune system.     

Comparison of biological parameters between the invasive B biotype and a new defined Cv biotype of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bemisia tabaci</Emphasis> (Hemiptera: Aleyradidae) in China

The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a widely distributed and destructive agricultural pest on various host plants. The biology of two biotypes of B. tabaci: the invasive B and a new defined Cv biotype, on a range of host plants (hibiscus, laurel, poinsettia, collard, cucumber and tomato) were studied in the laboratory. Results revealed that the developmental periods of the B biotype immatures were not significantly different on the tested host plants except those between laurel and collard. The Cv biotype immatures developed significantly slower on cucumber and tomato than on the other plants. B. tabaci B biotype had the highest survivorship on collard (68.55%), and the lowest on laurel (33.24%), while the Cv biotype had the highest and lowest survivorships on laurel (61.63%) and tomato (36.74%). Host plants did not significantly affect the pre-ovipostion period regardless of biotype. The longest averaged longevity and highest fecundity of B biotype were both recorded on collard: 25.15 days and 143.0 eggs. The highest fecundity of Cv biotype was 196.49 eggs on laurel and its longest longevity was on hibiscus (19.62 days). The intrinsic rate of natural increase (r _m) of B biotype on the three vegetables were all higher than those on the three ornamentals whereas the r _m of Cv biotype on the three ornamentals were all higher that those on the three vegetables. Our research indicates that B. tabaci B and Cv biotypes have different host plant suitabilities. The three tested vegetables were more suitable for B biotype while the three tested ornamental plants were more suitable for Cv biotype. The potential mechanism for the different suitability of B and Cv biotypes on various host plants is also discussed.