Impact Assessments of Transgenic cry1Ab Rice on the Population Dynamics of Five Non-Target Thrips Species and Their General Predatory Flower Bug in Bt and Non-Bt Rice Fields Using Color Sticky Card Traps

A 2-yr field study was conducted to assess the effects of transgenic japonica rice(KMD1 and KMD2) with a synthetic cry1 Ab gene from Bacillus thuingiensis Berliner on population dynamics and seasonal average densities of five thrips species including Stenchaetothrips biformis(Bagnall),Frankliniella intonsa(Trybom),F.tenuicornis(Uzel),Haplothrips aculeatus(Fabricius),Haplothrips tritici(Kurd) and their general predatory flower bug,Orius similis Zheng as compared to the parental control rice line using the white,blue and yellow sticky card traps.Population dynamics and seasonal average densities of these five thrips species and their general predatory flower bug were not significantly affected by rice type.Additionally,the white sticky card trap was suggested to be the most suitable for monitoring the population of these five thrips species and their general predator.These results show that our tested Bt rice lines do not interrupt the population of non-target thrips species and their general predatory flower bug in the field,and also cannot result in more occurrence of these thrips species in the rice ecosystem.     

Effects of T-2 Toxin Exposure on Bone Metabolism and Bone Development of Mice

T-2 toxin is the most widespread mycotoxin in crops, feed and food, which poses a serious threat to body health. Bone is the main target tissue for T-2 toxin ac...     

金黄色葡萄球菌胞外分泌物对白念珠菌ptc2缺失株酮康唑敏感性的影响

随着抗真菌药物特别是唑类药物的广泛和长期应用,白念珠菌耐药菌株逐年增加,给临床治疗带来严重威胁。金黄色葡萄球菌胞外分泌物中含有多种毒素和酶类。为研究金黄色葡萄球菌分泌物中是否含有抑制或增强白念珠菌ptc2缺失株酮康唑敏感性的分子,我们以野生型菌株RM1000做对照,采用体外药敏片扩散法分析了ptc2缺失株的酮康唑敏感性。结果表明,金黄色葡萄球菌胞外分泌物能够增强酮康唑对白念珠菌ptc2缺失株的抑制效应。研究结果为进一步筛选金黄色葡萄球菌胞外分泌物有效化学成分或生物大分子提供了依据。     

油气管道工程项目核准工作难点及应对措施

油气管道工程具有线路长、途经地区多、地形复杂等特点,大大增加了其建设项目核准工作的难度,直接制约工程建设的进度。梳理了油气管道工程项目核准工作流程,分析了制约核准工作的3个主要因素：管道穿越不同地区的投资管理规定不同,项目前期管道路由和站场阀室位置调整,用地规划调整。基于此,提出了5项有效的处理措施：加强学习,熟悉相关政策、法规及办事程序;注重工作方法;积极摸索与政府部门沟通的经验与方法;加强信息共享以加快核准进度和节约成本;加强档案管理。最后,从完善管道工程建设项目前期工作的管理、可行性研究阶段与项目核准阶段的衔接、政府部门沟通3个方面提出了建议,为如何快速高效完成油气管道工程项目的核准工作提供了参考。（表1,图1,参4）     

进境棉籽中胶孢炭疽病菌的分离与鉴定

对一批澳大利亚进境的棉籽进行了病原菌分离,在棉籽上分离到1株疑似胶孢炭疽病菌的菌株CG-92963。通过对该菌株进行病原菌形态学观察、致病性测定并结合分子生物学方法检测。结果表明,菌株CG-92963在PDA上产生大量分生孢子,分生孢子呈长椭圆形或圆筒形;分别用真菌通用引物、特异引物对CG-92963进行扩增和测序,Blast分析结果表明其与GenBank中胶孢炭疽病菌ColletotrichumgZOP0sp0以0idPs序列同源性为100％;该菌不仅侵染棉花,还侵染芒果和梨。根据上述实验结果,将分离获得的菌株CG-92963鉴定为胶孢炭疽病菌ColletotrichumgtoeoSportoiaes（Penz）Sacc,     

沟道二维泥石流运动和冲淤数值模型研究

以水沙混合流模型为基础,采用混合流沙量动态变化模式,提出泥石流运动控制方程组,建立适用于模拟泥石流在天然沟道中的运动和冲淤过程的二维数值模型.模型基于水动力学理论、水沙两相混合流理论和宾汉体模型理论,考虑了泥石流运动、泥沙输移、沟床变形、泥石流宾汉体流变特性等主要动力学过程.将模型应用于云南东川蒋家沟实测泥石流过程的模拟研究,结果较好地反映了泥石流运动不连续性的特征和泥石流沟道冲淤随时间演变的实际规律.     

Purification and characterization of a novel β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (lichenase) from thermophilic Rhizomucor miehei with high specific activity and its gene sequence

Production, purification, and characterization of a novel β-1,3-1,4-glucanase (lichenase) from thermophilic Rhizomucor miehei CAU432 were investigated. High-level extracellular β-1,3-1,4-glucanase production of 6230 U/mL was obtained when oat flour (3%, w/v) was used as a carbon source at 50 °C. The crude enzyme was purified to homogeneity with a specific activity of 28818 U/mg. The molecular weight of purified enzyme was estimated to be 35.4 kDa and 33.7 kDa by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration, respectively. The optimal pH and temperature of the enzyme were pH 5.5 and 60 °C, respectively. The K(m) values of purified β-1,3-1,4-glucanase for barley β-glucan and lichenan were 2.0 mM and 1.4 mM, respectively. Furthermore, the gene (RmLic16A) encoding the β-1,3-1,4-glucanase was cloned and its deduced amino acid sequence showed the highest identity (50%) to characterized β-1,3-1,4-glucanase from Paecilomyces thermophila. The high-level production and biochemical properties of the enzyme enable its potential industrial applications.     

Rapid isolation and identification of active antioxidant ingredients from Gongju using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n) and postcolumn derivatization

Flos Chrysanthemi (Gongju, GJ) is used to prepare a herbal tea that is commonly consumed as a health beverage in Asia and is believed to contain abundant beneficial antioxidants. To rapidly identify the chemical constituents and to obtain the profile related to antioxidant activity, an online analytical method combining high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detector-electrospray ionization-ion-trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS(n)) and postcolumn derivatization (PCD) has been applied for a precise and thorough identification of the chemical constituents. Meanwhile, the antioxidant profile has also been characterized by directly measuring the scavenging activity of each compound for the free radical produced by DPPH. As a result, 13 compounds have been identified in GJ, 7 of which account for its antioxidant activity. The established LC-MS(n)-PCD system has proved to offer a useful strategy for correlating the chemical profile with the bioactivities of the components without their isolation and purification, and may be used for multicomponent analysis of active substances in other foods and herbs.     

双电磁机构锤击系统的高频调控及试验

针对现有随焊锤击装置电磁锤锤击频率低(1～3Hz),难以满足生产要求的现状,该文开发了双电磁机构锤击系统。以电磁理论为基础,设计了双电磁锤击装置;以AT89C52单片机为控制核心,设计了高频锤击控制电路、键盘输入及显示电路,并对程序进行调试、试验。试验表明:锤击装置可实现6～8Hz的高频锤击;与对照组相比,当锤击频率为3Hz时,魏氏组织晶粒视场面积为原来的23.9%,晶粒仍较大,组织性能改善不太明显;当频率为7Hz时,魏氏组织晶粒视场面积为原来的3.8%,组织明显得到细化,晶粒细小,组织的塑性韧性提高,改善了焊缝的力学性能。     

玉米免耕播种机滚筒式防堵机构的设计与试验

针对中国一年两熟地区麦茬地免耕播种玉米时小麦秸秆和杂草等易对播种机开沟器形成堵塞的问题,该文设计了一种驱动滚筒式主动防堵机构。依据流体力学边界层理论并结合对比试验分析得出滚筒的适合形状为抛物线型,将滚筒与秸秆的相对运动简化为均匀流对圆柱体的有环量绕流,得出滚筒的适宜转速。田间试验表明,驱动滚筒式防堵机构能有效防止秸秆杂草等对开沟器的堵塞,有较好的工作效果。在施肥开沟器与播种开沟器之间设置了张角为30o的分禾栅板,避免秸秆杂草等重新落入种沟而造成种子播在地表形成晾种。