工业循环冷却水降温系统设计

在许多工业生产过程中,常需要大量的冷却水进行冷却。通常采用冷却塔等敞开式循环水降温设施,在高温、高湿大气条件下出口水温超限,此时为了正常生产的进行,只好加大低温新水补充量,从而造成水资源的浪费。为了合理利用和节约水资源,设计土壤蓄冷式降温系统。在夜间冷却塔有富余冷量的时候,把冷量储存在土壤中;在白天释放出来,满足高负荷需要。     

罗平万峰山市级自然保护区保护价值评价

万峰山自然保护区地处地貌发育典型的喀斯特地区,是我国滇东喀斯特山地森林的重要组成部分,也是滇东地区重要的物种基因库。本文在对保护区内现有野生动植物资源进行分析的基础上,从典型性、稀有性、脆弱性、多样性、感染力、面积适宜性、潜在价值、科研价值等方面对保护区的保护价值进行了综合评价分析,认为保护区形成了具有代表性的喀斯特山地森林生态系统,区内的森林生态系统对保护喀斯特地区极其脆弱的生态环境及保护生物多样性具有十分重要的意义。     

Integration of meta-QTL discovery with omics:Towards a molecular breeding platform for improving wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a global wheat disease that devastates wheat production. Resistance to FHB spread within a wheat spike (type II resistance) and to...     

Progress in Isoindolone Alkaloid Derivatives from Marine Microorganism: Pharmacology,Preparation, and Mechanism

Compound 1 (SMTP-7, also FGFC1), an isoindolone alkaloid from marine fungi Starchbotrys longispora FG216 and fungi Stachybotrys microspora IFO 30018, possessed diverse bioactivities such as thrombolysis, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties, and so on. It may be widely used for the treatment of various diseases, including cerebral infarction, stroke, ischemia/reperfusion damage, acute kidney injury, etc. Especially in cerebral infarction, compound 1 could reduce hemorrhagic transformation along with thrombolytic therapy, as the traditional therapies are accompanied with bleeding risks. In the latest studies, compound 1 selectively inhibited the growth of NSCLC cells with EGFR mutation, thus demonstrating its excellent anti-cancer activity. Herein, we summarized pharmacological activities, preparation of staplabin congeners—especially compound 1—and the mechanism of compound 1, with potential therapeutic applications.     

分子标记及其在标记辅助选择中的应用

运用分子标记来进行标记辅助选择,已经成为当今家畜育种的一种趋势。笔者对目前常见的几种分子标记进行了简要介绍,并就分子标记在标记辅助选择中的应用,特别就分子标记在标记辅助选择中分子标记图谱的构建、分子标记的筛选、QTL定位和与分子标记的连锁分析3个方面的应用作了较详尽的综述。     

Secondary Metabolites and Biosynthetic Gene Clusters Analysis of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent-Derived Streptomyces sp. SCSIO ZS0520

Streptomyces sp. SCSIO ZS0520 is a deep-sea hydrothermal vent-derived actinomycete. Our previous metabolism investigation showed that Streptomyces sp. SCSIO ZS0520 is a producer of cytotoxic actinopyrones. Here, another four types of secondary metabolites were identified, including six salinomycin isomers (2–7), the macrolide elaiophylin (8), the triterpene N-acetyl-aminobacteriohopanetriol (9), and the pyrone minipyrone (10). Among them, compounds 2–6 and 10 are new compounds. To understand the biosynthetic pathway of these compounds, a bioinformatic analysis of the whole genome was carried out, which identified 34 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters. Next, the biosynthetic pathways responsive to four types of products were deduced on the basis of gene function predictions and structure information. Taken together, these findings prove the metabolite potential of ZS0520 and lay the foundations to solve the remaining biosynthetic issues in four types of marine natural products.     

Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Marine-Derived Alkaloids via Enzymatic Reactions

Alkaloids are a large and structurally diverse group of marine-derived natural products. Most marine-derived alkaloids are biologically active and show promising applications in modern (agro)chemical, pharmaceutical, and fine chemical industries. Different approaches have been established to access these marine-derived alkaloids. Among these employed methods, biotechnological approaches, namely, (chemo)enzymatic synthesis, have significant potential for playing a central role in alkaloid production on an industrial scale. In this review, we discuss research progress on marine-derived alkaloid synthesis via enzymatic reactions and note the advantages and disadvantages of their applications for industrial production, as well as green chemistry for marine natural product research.     

亚麻籽胶对面团流变性质的影响及其在面条加工中的应用

该文重点研究了添加亚麻籽胶对面粉的粉质特性、面团的流变性质以及面条品质的影响。粉质特性的结果表明,添加亚麻籽胶使面团的吸水率增加,面团的形成时间和稳定时间延长,弱化度降低,使面团的稳定性更好。动态流变性质和超微结构的显微观察表明,添加亚麻籽胶后,亚麻籽胶的网络结构加固了面筋蛋白的网络结构,因而面团的稳定时间和粘弹性均能提高。质构分析的结果表明,添加亚麻籽胶使面条烹煮后的硬度和咀嚼度提高,并具有较好的弹性和拉伸性能,面条的烹煮损失和面汤浊度降低,因而亚麻籽胶可用于面制品中以改善其食用品质。     

碱酶两步法制备大米蛋白的研究

该文采用碱法和酶法两步加工碎米,制备得到纯度较高的大米蛋白。通过研究米粉粒度、pH值、温度、水料比和时间对提取率的影响,确定碱法制备大米蛋白的较佳工艺条件为：米粉粒度80目,pH 11.0,温度50℃,水料比8,时间120 min。采用α-淀粉酶对大米蛋白进行纯化,酶解条件为：加酶量60 U/g,pH 6.0,温度50℃,时间30 min。在上述工艺条件下制备大米蛋白,提取率为73.22%,纯度为88.75%。     

灌区田间灌溉蓄水工程的规模优选

针对灌区缺乏调蓄的实际情况,提出了一个优选田间灌溉蓄水工程规模的模型。模型同时考虑灌区来水与用水的随机性,以旬为分析时段单元,生成泉源来水和灌溉需水的人工长系列,基于蒙特卡罗(Monte Carlo)方法,模拟计算了不同规模的蓄水工程在设计运行期内对灌溉区农业的增产效益,以净效益最大为标准优选田间蓄水池规模,结果表明,对于单位灌溉面积最优的蓄水工程规模为2100 m³,相应的灌溉可靠度提高到95.0%。