基于Pro/E的渣浆泵水力部件开发

基于三维实体造型软件Pro/E对渣浆泵水力部件进行计算机辅助设计的二次开发,考虑到固体颗粒对水力部件的影响,运用两相流理论设计了渣浆泵水力部件及其相关几何参数.在Windows XP操作系统平台上,借助Visual C＋＋6.0语言开发环境以及MFC可视化对话框技术,利用Pro/E的二次开发工具Pro/TOOLKIT及其相关接口函数,对渣浆泵水力部件设计进行可视化Pro/E Wildfire 2.0系统开发,渣浆泵水力部件的设计子菜单被嵌入在Pro/E的主菜单中.针对水力部件的设计实例,该软件通过渣浆泵相关子菜单弹出设计界面,在对话框中输入渣浆泵的设计参数,可实现水力部件的几何尺寸计算过程,并根据几何尺寸自动生成叶轮、副叶片、蜗壳、前后盖板等水力部件的三维造型.     

死畜禽堆肥反应器现状及性能特点

选取国内外具有代表性的各类型死畜禽堆肥反应器,进行简要介绍和优缺点总结分析,为今后死畜禽堆肥反应器的开发研制提供参考。      

单兵装备在植物检疫工作中的应用探索

当前,在我国进境植物检疫现场查验工作中,配备的工具装备还不够统一规范,难以满足复杂环境下的使用需求,容易对查验工作效能以及执法形象造成影响,开发一套适合现场查验的单兵装备十分必要。本文对太仓口岸检疫人员研发的植物检疫单兵装备进行了介绍。实践表明,该套装备有效提升了现场查验工作效率和执法形象,推进了现场执法的规范化。     

基于改进SSD的果园行人实时检测方法

农田障碍物的精确识别是无人农业车辆必不可少的关键技术之一。针对果园环境复杂难以准确检测出障碍物信息的问题,提出了一种改进单次多重检测器(Single shot multibox detector,SSD)深度学习目标检测方法,对田间障碍物中的行人进行识别。使用轻量化网络MobileNetV2作为SSD模型中的基础网络,以减少提取图像特征过程中所花费的时间及运算量,辅助网络层以反向残差结构结合空洞卷积作为基础结构进行位置预测,在综合多尺度特征的同时避免下采样操作带来的信息损失,基于Tensorflow深度学习框架,在卡耐基梅隆大学国家机器人工程中心的果园行人检测开放数据集上进行不同运动状态(运动、静止)、不同姿态(正常、非正常)和不同目标面积(大、中、小)的田间行人识别精度和识别速度的对比试验。试验表明,当IOU阀值为0. 4时,改进的SSD模型田间行人检测模型的平均准确率和召回率分别达到了97. 46%和91. 65%,高于改进前SSD模型的96. 87%和88. 51%,并且参数量减少至原来的1/7,检测速度提高了187. 5%,检测速度为62. 50帧/s,模型具有较好的鲁棒性,可以较好地实现田间环境下行人的检测,为无人农机的避障决策提供依据。     

QTL Mapping of Chlorophyll Content in Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense Backcross Inbred Lines

[Objective] The purpose of this study was to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to chlorophyll content based on Soil and Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD) readings in cotton. [Method] The 195 BILs (Backcross Inbred Lines) were produced by a cross between Gossypium barbadense Hai 7124 and G. hirsutum CRI 36, using CRI 36 as the recurrent parent for backcrossing with F1 to produce BC1F1, followed by seven generations of selfing. The genetic linkage map was constructed in a previous study. QTLs of chlorophyll SPAD value in the first flowering and boll development stages were identified with inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) method of the BIP and MET models in IciMapping 4.1 software, respectively. [Result] In total, nine chlorophyll SPAD reading QTLs were identified on 6 chromosomes. The q-SPAD-A11-1 detected at the first flowering stage overlapped with q-SPAD-A11-2 detected at the boll development stage, contributing 5.08% and 5.75% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. The q-SPAD-D08-2 physical position ranged from 48.71 to 53.65 Mb on chromosome D08, which overlapped with a chlorophyll content QTL detected in a previous study. [Conclusion] The novel stable QTLs, q-SPAD-A11-1 and q-SPAD-A11-2 detected in this study provide an important piece of information for fine mapping chlorophyll content in cotton.     

粘虫色板防治菇蚊菇蝇的研究

为了给粘虫色板在食用菌害虫防治中的应用技术方案制定提供科学的依据,进行了对5种不同颜色的粘虫色板对菇蚊菇蝇的诱杀效果比较研究,进一步对粘虫色板的悬挂高度、悬挂密度、悬挂时间以及在菇房中应用粘虫色板的防效果和对食用菌产量的影响评价等方面研究。研究结果表明不同颜色的粘虫色板对食用菌菇蚊菇蝇的诱杀效果有显著差异,其中黄色粘虫色板对菇蚊菇蝇诱杀效果最佳;利用黄色粘虫色板悬挂在菇房中菌墙的上方30cm左右,晚间结合灯光诱杀效果最佳;处理菇房的菌袋受害率降低了14.7%,挽回产量损失达11.0%,防治效果显著。     

等离子体处理玉米对化肥利用率的影响

2004年在吉林省桦甸市桦郊乡进行了等离子体种子4种不同剂量、6个处理区的试验。经过在拔节期、成熟期干物质的化验分析和测产,结果表明应用等离子体种子处理1.0A×2和1.5A×2的剂量能促进玉米吸收养分,(N P2O5 K2O)总量比CK1提高10%以上;比CK1提高化肥利用率即提高氮肥、磷肥和钾肥利用率为7.4%～8.2%、11.3%～19.7%和15.7%～23.5%。明确了等离子体种子处理1.0A×2的剂量,比CK1增产8.2%,效果显著。     

遮荫对鸡爪槭非结构性碳和化学计量特征的影响

为了探究鸡爪槭（Acerpalmatum）的光适应生长策略,测定并分析了不同光照强度（CK、60%光照与40%光照）下鸡爪槭根、枝与叶中非结构性碳积累、分配及其C:N:P化学计量特征。结果表明：随着遮荫程度增加,根的非结构性碳水化合物含量（NSCs）及其组分增大,枝与叶的NSCs及其组分减小,叶N、P含量增大,C:N、C:P减少,枝N含量、N:P先减小再增大,P、C:N和C:P先增大再减小,根N、P含量先增大再减小,N:P、C:N和C:P先减小再增大。在全光照下,NSCs及其组分为叶>枝>根,N含量为叶>根>枝,N:P和C:N为根>叶>枝;60%的光照下,NSCs及其组分为叶>枝>根,N含量与N:P为叶>根>枝,C:N与C:P为枝>叶>根;40%光照下,NSCs及其组分根>叶>枝,N、P含量为叶>枝>根,C:N与C:P为根>枝>叶。相关性分析表明,叶可溶性糖、淀粉、NSCs含量与N、P含量呈显著负相关,与C:N和C:P呈显著正相关（P <0.01）;枝NSCs含量与N和C:...     

Effects of five cryoprotectants on proliferation and differentiation‐related gene expression of frozen‐thawed bovine calf testicular tissue

The cryopreservation of testicular tissue is a potential method for preserving male fertility. However, the effect of cryopreservation on bovine calf testicular tissue is scarce. This study investigated the effect of different cryoprotectants on bovine calf testicular tissue at the molecular level. Testicular tissue from ten immature bovine calves (6 months) was collected after slaughter and cryopreserved in an extender containing different concentrations of the following five cryopreservation solutions (CP): bovine serum albumin (BSA) with 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), trehalose with 5% DMSO, DMSO and glycerol and ethylene glycol (EG). After 7‐day cryopreservation, the expression levels of three spermatogonial stem cell (SSC)‐related genes, octamer‐4 (OCT4), KIT ligand (MGF/SCF) and kit oncogene (C‐KIT), were investigated by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The cell viability was highest for the tissues preserved with 30 mg/ml BSA (77.82% ± 1.22) and 40 mg/ml trehalose (74.23% ± 1.16) compared with other groups (p < 0.05), and the level of expression of the three genes was highest with 30 mg/ml BSA (p < 0.05). Compared with other CPs, the 30 mg/ml BSA and 40 mg/ml trehalose have the better cryopreserve protection. The 30 mg/ml BSA is the most viable media for the cryopreservation of testicular tissue from cattle.     

农药使用存在的问题及对策

分析生产实践中农药使用存在的问题,提出科学的应对措施,确保农产品安全无害化生产,实现高产、优质、高效的目标。