THE DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF TURBULENCE ON LEESIDE OF WINDBREAKS

The distributive characteristies of turbulence,turbulent vclocity,turbulent intensityand Rcynolds stress,in horizontal and vertical direction on leeward side of windbreak were dis-cussed in this paper.The results show that all the three kinds of parameters of turbulence have thesimilar distributive patterns in lec,their peaks were around 10H for houizontal and Z/H=1 forvertical.The windbreak is important barrier to affect the structure and distribution of wind speedand turvbulence.Porosities of windbreaks could alter the patterns of turbulence,therefore,affect theabilities and functions of windbreaks.     

关于新形势下行业协会改革的思考

从当前行业协会存在的问题和上海、江苏、浙江率先对行业协会改革的有益尝试出发,借鉴西方国家行业协会的一些成功经验,对行业协会改革进行了深入思考和探讨,提出在社会主义市场经济条件下,政府要转变职能,使行业协会转向真正的企业联合组织,以充分发挥行业协会的桥梁与纽带作用,具有重要的现实意义。     

A model to evaluate windbreak protection efficiency

The effectiveness of windbreaks in windspeed reduction is often evaluated without regard to the objects to be protected. In fact, many objects may have different sensitivities to wind and often require different degrees of wind protection. Since commonly used indexes do not consider the sensitivity to wind, a concept of specific protection efficiency is developed. A critical windspeed is used to represent the sensitivity of each object. Windspeeds greater than this value are considered damaging. A dimensionless protection index is defined to evaluate windbreak efficiency. The maximum index value is 1 for the highest protection, and the index is negative when sheltered windspeed is greater than the critical windspeed. This index can be compared, summed, and averaged across different windbreaks, objects, and leeward locations. A sample of critical windspeed values was compiled from the literature. The index was evaluated using actual wind data measured under both sheltered and open conditions. The results indicated that the index can be used for evaluating windbreak effectiveness in terms of objects protected under various conditions. This model could be used as a tool for windbreak-related research and policy making.     

农机链传动的可靠性设计

按照农机链工况的特点，提出了对农机链传动进行可靠性设计时的前提条件，论证了以链条疲劳可靠性作为链传动可靠性评定指标的理由，选定了具体进行链传动可靠性计算的方法。文中首次为读者提供了计算链传动可靠性的实例。     

转变经营机制 拓宽产业领域 做大做强县域林业经济

以吉林省蛟河市林业局为例,论述了地方林业局要做大做强县域经济,必须深化改革,转变现有体制机制,才能激发产业发展的活力和动力,从而发挥林业多种资源、多种功能的巨大潜力,使林业经济持续健康发展。     

Contributions of biotic and abiotic processes to the presence of an aggregate hierarchy in three different mineral soils in an experimental incubation study

Journal of Soils and Sediments - This study aims to investigate the presence of aggregate hierarchy during the decomposition of rice straw in a subtropical soil (Ultisol) with large quantities of...     

Effect of Inoculation Rhizobium and Response of Soybean-Rhizobium System to Insoluble Phosphate

In order to produce efficiently symbiotic system in acid soils which could be used for the recovery of insoluble phosphate soil and improvement of the fertility,etc.,host range of Rhizobium was isolated from the root nodules of wild and cultivated soybean varieties growing in south China,evaluated the effects of Rhizobium on enhance nitrogen fixing activities,phosphorus(P),nitrogen (N)uptakes,growth and yield of soybean under pot and field conditions.The results showed that combined Rhizobium inoculation was more effective than individual Rhizobium inoculation. The combined Rhizobium of CW54 strains had the highest effect, nodule number, nodule weight and nodule nitrogenase activity were markedly stimulated as compared to those of the control U110, respectively. The nitrogen contents in the plants treated with CW54 strains were significantly increased by 43.2% as compared to those of the control U110 in Al-P soil, but statistical significance was not observed in Fe-P soil. By contrast, inoculation with CW54 significantly enhanced phosphorus uptake of plant in Fe-P soil than that in Al-P soil. The effects of inoculation of CW54 strains in a field condition were similar to those of in a pot condition. The total biomass and yield in the plants treated with CW54 strains were significantly increased by 86.4% and 51.4% as compared to those of the control at the time of soybean podding in a field condition, respectively.These results suggested that inoculation Rhizobium was beneficial for soybean nutrient uptake,growth and yield under insoluble phosphate soil conditions.     

配制酒中苋菜红和胭脂红的测定方法

根据配制酒的加工工艺和成分含量,依据合成色素国家标准的检测方法,就其前处理和测试条件提出改进方案并加以优化,使分析结果准确,工作效率提高。