Quality and nutritional composition of tomato fruit as influenced by certain biochemical and physiological changes

The chemical contituents are concerned in the quality of tomato fruit in respect to color, texture, flavor, nutritive value, and wholesomeness. In general, high sugar contents, redness of color, and firm texture are associated with prominence of rich flavor. Biochemical changes as influenced by growth, maturation, and environment of tomato fruit are discussed.

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Zusammenfassung Die Qualität der Tomatenfrucht wird chemisch bestimmt durch Farbe, Festigkeit, durch Geruch und Geschmack, durch Nährwert und Bekömmlichkeit. Im algemeinen korrellieren hoher Zuckergehalt, intensive Rotfärbung und Festigkeit der Frucht mit Vorhandensein eines vollen Armas.Biochemische Veränderungen bedingt durch Wachtums, Reife und Umwelt der Tomatenfrucht werden diskutiert.

     

Foliar disease resistant and productive mutants from the introgression lines of peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

With an objective of developing the induced mutants for superior productivity and resistance to foliar diseases in peanut, two introgression lines (IL-3 and IL-4) derived from ABK genomes of peanut were subjected to gamma and sodium azide mutagenesis. Evaluation of M₁, M₂ and M₃ generations could identify foliar disease resistant and productive mutants. Large-scale evaluation of M₄ mutants during the rainy season of 2017 confirmed the superiority of 12 mutants over the respective parents and the best check (GPBD 4). The selected mutants were resistant to leaf spots (early and late) and rust diseases, and significantly more productive than the parents and GPBD 4. ddRAD-Sequencing of these mutants identified the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) when compared to their parents. The genes harbouring these structural mutations were also identified. However, no copy number variations (CNVs) were observed between the mutants and the parents. The selected mutants carried resistant-type alleles at the marker loci linked to foliar disease resistance. These promising mutants (M₈) are currently under initial trials of variety development for commercial release.