国外水泵研究现状概述

以丰富的材料为基础，概括性地评价了西方近年中在水泵技术各研究领域，如流场计算、汽蚀机理、振动、无泄漏密封等方面的研究现状及成果，这些资料将为国内水泵技术人员的产品开发、科研活动提供有益的启发和借鉴。     

马铃薯收获机设计试验研究

张家口地区马铃薯种植面积广,畜力犁收获时效率低,漏收和破损较为严重,外购的马铃薯收获机不适合当地农民的种植方式.为此,设计了马铃薯收获机.该机可实现马铃薯挖掘、薯土分离和薯秧分离.同时,对该机部分关键零件进行了设计,对样机在玉米茬地和马铃薯地的工作性能进行了试验研究.试验结果满足当地农民的使用要求,试验数据对设计多行马铃薯收获机具有参考和借鉴作用.     

Mechanism of Fuzilizhong decoction alleviating inflammatory damage of rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

AIM To observe the effect of Fuzilizhong decoction on the inflammatory damage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） rats and to explore its mechanism. METHODS SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups： control group, model group, high dose （20 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）, middle dose （10 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）, low dose （5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） Fuzilizhong decoction group and Yishanfu （30 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）group, 8 rats in each group. A NAFLD rat modelwas established by intragastric administration of fat emulsion for 4 weeks. Then the drug was given for 4 weeks in each treatment group. HE staining was performed to observe the histopathological changes of the rat liver.The serum levels of interleukin-2（IL-2）, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） were measured by ELISA. The expression of toll like receptor 4（TLR4） and NF-κB p65 in liver tissues at mRNA and protein levels was determined by RT-qPCR and Western bolt,respectively. RESULTS Compared with control group, the inflammatory damage of liver tissue was more serious, the serum levels of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α, the mRNA expression TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in liver tissues were significantly increased in model group（P<0.05）. However, compared with model group, the liver pathological changes in each treatment group were significantly relieved, the serum levels of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α, the mRNA expression of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in liver tissues were significantly reduced（P<0.05）.In addition, the changes of TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 protein levels in liver tissue were consistent with the changes of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 mRNA. CONCLUSION Fuzilizhong decoction attenuates the inflammatory damages of NAFLD in rats by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway.     

MicroRNA-9-5p mediates sympathetic overactivity by targeting KCNN3 in paraventricular nucleus of rats with T2D

AIM To investigate whether microRNA-9-5p （miR-9-5p） mediates sympathetic overactivity by targeting KCNN3 （potassium intermediate/small conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily N, member 3） gene,which encoded small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel 3 （SK3） protein, in paraventricular nucleus （PVN） of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2D）. METHODS A rat model of T2D was established by high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg/kg streptozotocin. The levels of miR-9-5p and KCNN3 mRNA in PVN were detected by real-time PCR. The relationship between KCNN3 and miR-9-5p was predicted by TargetScan. Recombinant adeno-associated virus （rAAV）-miR-9-5p or KCNN3 were bilaterally microinjected into the PVN to observe the changes in plasma glucose levels and sympathetic drive indicators. The number of FosB and SK3 positive cells was measured by immunofluorescence staining. The protein expression of SK3 was determined by Western blot. The relationship between KCNN3 and miR-9-5p were confirmed by cell transfection and dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Compared with the rats in diabetes control （DC） group, the blood glucose, sympathetic drive indexes and the level of miR-9-5p in PVN were significantly increased, while the SK3 expression in PVN was obviously reduced in the diabetes mellitus （DM） rats. After microinjecion of rAAV-miR-9-5p in PVN, the sympathetic drive indexes, blood glucose, and the number of FosB-positive cells were increased significantly, but the SK3 protein expression was significantly reduced （P<0.05）. However, up-regulation of KCNN3 in PVN had the opposite effect. These responses were obviously enhanced in DM rats compared with DC rats. The results of cell transfection and dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-9-5p bound to the 3’-UTR of KCNN3 and inhibit its expression. CONCLUSION miR-9-5p was up-regulated in PVN of the rats with T2D, and it may mediate sympathoexcitation by targeting KCNN3.     

桃新品种‘秋露蜜’的选育

‘秋露蜜’是从‘国庆’桃实生后代中选出的浓甜晚熟桃新品种。平均单果重248.3 g,果面鲜红,果肉乳白色,甘甜,品质上等,平均硬度达15.30kg/cm²,可溶性固形物含量19.08%。在晋南地区,果实9月上中旬成熟,果实发育期162 d左右。离核。     

尿素及其衍生物与磷脂之间的相互作用

用差示扫描量热和LB膜研究了尿素及其衍生物与磷脂之间的相互作用.结果表明,尿素及其衍生物都可以稳定层状液晶相,而且都可以和磷脂直接作用.尿素是通过形成氢键与磷脂头基作用,而DMU和TMU是通过插入磷脂双分子膜的界面部分与磷脂作用.     

接触二甲苯实验人员淋巴细胞染色体畸变分析

目的:研究二甲苯对实验人员外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变的影响.方法:外周血培养制备染色体标本,分析外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变.结果:二甲苯接触组的染色体数目畸变细胞率(11.3%)高于对照组(6.8%)(P＜0.05);结构畸变细胞率(包括裂隙)(3.57%)高于对照组(2.6%)(P＜0.05)并且呈剂量效应关系;接触组的未成熟着丝粒分离细胞率(1.85%)与对照组(1.34%)相比无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论:二甲苯接触导致外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变增加;二甲苯接触是否诱导未成熟着丝粒分离有待进一步深入研究.     

葡萄糖氧化酶基因植物表达载体的构建

为进一步开展转基因研究创造条件,用限制性内切酶将葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)基因从pMD/GO载体上切下,定向连接到植物表达载体pROKⅡ的CaMV35S启动子下游和NOS终止子上游,成功地构建了GOD基因植物表达载体pROK/GO。利用冻融法将此表达载体导入根癌农杆菌LBA4404中,提取转化质粒,经PCR和酶切鉴定表明,GOD基因植物表达双元载体构建成功。     

优化施肥对上海产区温州蜜柑生长的影响

研究不同优化施肥模式对温州蜜柑产量、品质及树体生长的影响,为实现温州蜜柑高产优质提供技术指导。以温州蜜柑田间试验为基础,设置4个处理:FM处理(农户习惯施肥)、OF处理(FM+有机肥)、OPT处理(氮、磷、钾优化+有机肥)、COF处理(OPT+钙、镁)。3种优化施肥模式均可促进温州蜜柑的生长,施用有机肥短期效果不明显,优化氮、磷、钾并施用有机肥可以显著地促进树体后期的生长。优化氮、磷、钾并施用有机肥的基础上再补充钙、镁元素效果最佳,相较于农户习惯施肥,显著提高了春梢各生长指标;叶片SPAD值和矿质养分含量均显著提高;果实横径、果实纵径、单果重、挂果数和产量分别显著提高了9.69%、8.66%、6.68%、4.74%、11.76%;果实还原糖、维生素C、可溶性固形物、固酸比和可食率分别显著提高了55.67%、21.45%、8.21%、27.12%、2.48%。综合优化养分管理可以平衡树体养分,激发树体产量潜力并提高品质。     

坝上盐碱地枸杞人工林群落生物量研究

通过对坝上盐碱地枸杞人工林现存生物量的研究,结果估算出当前枸杞现存生物量为25.199 t/hm2。地上部分为13.129 t/hm2,其中枝干的生物量10.265 t/hm2,叶的生物量2.873 t/hm2。地下部分为12.070 t/hm2,且87.4%的根分布于地面下0~100 cm。适当密植有利于生物量的积累,同时可以改良土壤结构。