无核葡萄胚发育及早期离体培养的研究:Ⅲ.培养方式对离体胚发育的影响

对5个无核葡萄品种的试验表明,不同培养方式对离体胚发育的影响是很明显的,其中4个品种胚发育率液体培养高于固体培养,‘京早晶’在液体培养中胚发育率高达73.7%,是目前国内外胚发育率最高的报道;液体培养比固体培养胚的发育程度高,发育整齐,无畸形胚,易成苗.     

播量对水稻生长发育及干物质积累的影响

用盆栽方法进行播量对寒地水稻生长发育及干物质积累影响试验,结果表明:稀播的秧苗发根力强、分蘖多、茎基宽、充实度高。播量200g/m2的产量最高。     

Effect of dietary vitamin C and ammonia concentration on the cellular defense response of Macrobrachium nipponense

This study examined the effects of dietary vitamin C and ammonia concentration on the cellular defense response of Macrobrachium nipponese . The response of the cellular defense was determined by monitoring changes in reactive oxygen intermediates in hemocytes, superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity, glutathione peroxidase activity, glutathione reductase and glutathione transferase activity in muscle. The results showed that prawns fed the basal diet had a significant increase in reactive oxygen intermediates in response to exposure to ammonia-N. When dietary vitamin C was added to the feed, there was a significant decrease in reactive oxygen intermediates in response to exposure to ammonia-N. Total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity of prawns fed the basal diet decreased as ammonia-N increased. This decrease in activity was significantly less pronounced in prawns that were fed the dietary vitamin C supplement. In prawns that were fed the dietary vitamin C supplement there was no significant variation in catalase reductase or gluxathione reductase activity in response to variations in ammonia-N concentration. The glutathione transference activity increased at a low concentration of ammonia-N in prawns that were fed the dietary vitamin C supplement, but there was no significant variation in the prawns fed the basal diet. Overall the results indicate that dietary vitamin C supplements enhance the capacity of M. nipponese to respond to elevations in ammonia-N. This response involved several biochemical reactions known to be involved in cellular defense.     

污水污物潜水旋流泵性能及设计方法试验研究

对影响潜水旋流泵性能的6个主要过流件几何参数进行了试验研究，初步掌握了旋流泵叶轮及泵体主要几何尺寸对性能影响的规律。在分析16种优秀水力模型的基础上，计算出叶轮D2及b2函数回归方程式，并用设计实例进行检验，样机效率比国内外同类产品提高3％左右。     

Hematological parameters and visceral lesions relationships in rabbit viral hemorrhagic disease.

Twenty rabbits were inoculated with a suspension of Viral Hemorrhagic Disease virus. Hemostatic functions were assessed every sixth hour from 6 to 60 hours post-inoculation. Tissue samples obtained at the same intervals allowed the study of the development of lesions throughout the experiment. Biological signs of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) were detected on and after 30 h post-inoculation and consisted of prolonged One Stage Prothrombin Time and Activated Partial Thrombin Time, the decrease of factors V, VII, and X and high levels of soluble fibrin monomer complexes and D-dimers. A reduction of thrombocyte numbers, heterophils and lymphocytes was associated. The close association of DIC and necrotizing hepatitis lesions suggested the hepatic lesions to be the most important DIC triggering factor. Other mechanisms are discussed.     

敌敌畏、除虫菊皂液对舞毒蛾幼虫的联合作用

在室内恒温条件下,采用点滴法测定敌敌畏和除虫菊皂液对舞毒蛾幼虫的毒力,求出敌敌畏和除虫菊皂液处理舞毒蛾幼虫72h毒力回归方程及致死中量。结果表明：敌敌畏与除虫菊皂液按致死中量的不同比例配比,对杀灭舞毒蛾幼虫均有一定的增效作用,实际抑制率均大于或接近50％,说明两者混配是合理的。混剂的最佳配比为敌敌畏LD50值的60％加除虫菊皂液LD50值的40％,折算成两单剂体积的比例则为1：518。     

运筹帷幄的决策工具——运筹学

运筹学是关于做决定的科学,运筹学集数学和其他科学方法为一体,对现实问题进行模型化并提出解决方案,把它科学地应用到各企业管理中,可有效地帮助企业做出合理的决策.     

芽孢杆菌及其胞外多糖对空心菜和茼蒿Cd吸收及土壤团聚体的影响

本研究旨在探究产胞外多糖芽孢杆菌对蔬菜镉(Cd)积累及土壤结构的影响。采用以空心菜和茼蒿为供试材料的盆栽试验,研究了功能菌株Priestia megaterium YG35和Bacillus halodurans G20降低蔬菜吸收Cd的效果和可能作用机制。结果表明,与CK相比,菌株YG35、菌株G20及其胞外多糖处理显著增加空心菜和茼蒿可食用组织干质量(37.8%～115.1%),显著降低可食用组织Cd含量(21.9%～44.2%),并使茼蒿Cd含量(0.057～0.061 mg·kg^-1)达到安全可食用标准,显著降低根际土壤有效态Cd含量(3.7%～11.7%),显著(P<0.05)增加根际土壤多糖含量(35.9%～49.5%)和蔗糖酶活性(15.3%～28.4%),促进根际土壤团聚体向大粒径转化。研究表明,YG35和G20及其胞外多糖能降低蔬菜对Cd的吸收,促进蔬菜生长,改善土壤结构,具有在Cd污染土壤上实现蔬菜安全生产的应用潜力。     

德南牛全基因组变异解析和功能基因挖掘

[目的]研究德南牛的群体遗传结构和解析影响其重要性状的关键基因。[方法]通过主成分分析、群体进化树分析、群体遗传结构分析等方法,研究德南牛的遗传结构和与其他品种的亲缘关系;同时,利用全基因组SNP数据,计算德南牛与德国黄牛、南阳牛群体固定指数(Fst)和核苷酸多样性比值(π ratio)、复合似然比(CLR)、XP-EHH等多种选择信号指标,以筛选出德南牛基因组上受到选择的信号,鉴定出重要的候选基因。[结果] 德南牛具有欧洲普通牛(0.789)、东亚牛(0.176)、中国瘤牛(0.035)的混合血统。在θπ和CLR方法中鉴定出93个共有基因,使用FST和XP-EHH方法鉴定出17个共有基因。进行富集以及基因功能注释后,发现这些基因可能与生殖性能(TUBB3、NSD2、GRM1、ERBB4)、生长性状(RFX3、FGFR3、GABRB1、PDE4D)、环境适应性(PGR、GRIA4)和免疫系统反应(P2RY12、P2RY13、GPR87、P2RY14、GPR171)有关。[结论]本项研究发现德南牛血统受德国黄牛影响较多,且挖掘了德南牛基因组内可能具有经济意义的性状相关的选择特征,为德南牛种群的选育提高提供理论支撑。