生物发酵中药对围产期母羊繁殖性能和羔羊健康的影响

采用生物发酵中药对围产期母羊进行饲喂试验.结果表明:生物发酵中药试验组比对照组在提高母羊泌乳性能、健康程度、羔羊成活率、生长速度、降低初生羔羊腹泻率方面效果均显著,试验证明生物发酵中药对提高母羊繁殖性能和羔羊健康程度效果明显.     

大菱鲆养殖技术之一:利用育苗池工厂化养殖大菱鲆技术

虾、蟹、鱼的育苗场曾经为连云港市海水养殖业的发展发挥重要的作用,近两年,由于受到水产品销售市场的冲击,当地大部分虾、蟹、鱼的育苗场处于停产或改产状态,部分场家将原有的育苗池改造为大菱鲆工厂化养殖场,充分利用了原有的设备、技术、人力、财力等各种资源,极大减少了大菱鲆养殖生产的成本,开辟了渔民增收的新渠道.本文以连云港市一个面积为1000m2的虾蟹育苗场为例,简要介绍在虾蟹鱼的育苗池中利用地下海水进行工厂化养殖大菱鲆技术.     

鸡慢性氟中毒部分器官病理变化研究

为了探讨氟中毒对鸡内脏器官的影响,本试验选用36只1日龄罗曼褐蛋鸡,随机分为6组,每组6只,饲喂相同的日粮和进行常规免疫。Ⅱ～Ⅵ组饮水中添加NaF,Ⅰ组饮自来水作对照,试验期90d。捕杀后将部分内脏器官制作石蜡切片,显微镜观察其病理变化。结果表明,氟对实验组的内脏器官组织结构都具有不同程度的损伤。     

Effects of different dietary energy and protein levels and sex on growth performance,carcass characteristics and meat quality of F1 Angus x Chinese Xiangxi yellow cattle

Background：The experiment evaluated the effect of nutrition levels and sex on the growth performance,carcass characteristics and meat quality of F1 Angus × Chinese Xiangxi yellow cattle.Methods：During the background period of 184 d,23 steers and 24 heifers were fed the same ration,then put into a2×2×2 factorial arrangement under two levels of- dietary energy（TON：70/80%DM）,protein（CP：11.9/14.3%DM）and sex（S：male/female） during the finishing phase of 146 d.The treatments were-（1） high energy/low protein（HELP）,（2） high energy/high protein（HEHP）,（3） low energy/low protein（LELP） and（4） low energy/high protein（LEHP）.Each treatment used 6 steers and 6 heifers,except for HELP- 5 steers and 6 heifers.Results：Growth rate and final carcass weight were unaffected by dietary energy and protein levels or by sex.Compared with the LE diet group,the HE group had significantly lower dry matter intake（DMI,6.76 vs.7.48 kg DM/d）,greater chest girth increments（46.1 vs.36.8 cm）,higher carcass fat（19.9 vs.16.3%） and intramuscular fat content（29.9 vs.22.8%DM）.The HE group also had improved yields of top and medium top grade commercial meat cuts（39.9 vs.36.5%）.The dressing percentage was higher for the HP group than the LP group（53.4 vs.54.9%）.Steers had a greater length increment（9.0 vs.8.3 cm）,but lower carcass fat content（16.8 vs.19.4%） than heifers.The meat quality traits（shear force value,drip loss,cooking loss and water holding capacity） were not affected by treatments or sex,averaging 3.14 kg,2.5,31.5 and 52.9%,respectively.The nutritive profiles（both fatty and amino acid composition） were not influenced by the energy or protein levels or by sex.Conclusions：The dietary energy and protein levels and sex significantly influenced the carcass characteristics and chemical composition of meat but not thegrowth performance,meat quality traits and nutritive profiles.     

Effect of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2overexpression in 3T3-L1 is associated to an increase in mono-unsaturated fatty acid accumulation

Background：Fatty acid（FA） composition is the most important parameter affecting the flavor and nutritional value of the meat.The final and the only committed step in the biosynthesis of triglycerides is catalyzed by diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2（DGAT2）.The role of DGAT2 in lipid accumulation has been demonstrated in adipocytes,However,little is known about the effect of DGAT2 on the FA composition of these cells.Methods：To investigate the role of DGAT2 in regulating lipid accumulation,FA composition and the expression of adipogenic genes,we cloned the open reading frame of the porcine DGAT2 gene and established 3T3-L1 cells that overexpressed DGAT2.Cells were then cultured in differentiation medium（DM） without FA,with a mixture of FAs（FA-DM）,or containing a ~（13）C stable isotope-labeled FA mixture（IFA-DM）.The FA composition of adipocytes was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry.Quantitative PCR and western blotting were employed to detect expression of adipogenic genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes cultured with FA-DM for 12 d.Results：The triacylglyceride（TAG） content was significantly higher in 3T3-L1 adipocytes overexpressing DGAT2 than in control cells.When cultured in DM or FA-DM for 12 d,cells overexpressing DGAT2 showed a higher proportion of unsaturated FAs（C16：1 and C18：1）.However,when cells overexpressing DGAT2 were cultured with FA-DM for30 min,the FA composition was almost identical to that of controls.Further,the proportion of stable isotope-labeled FAs were similar in 3T3-L1 adipocytes overexpressing DGAT2 and control cells cultured in IFA-DM for 12 d.These results collectively indicate that the higher proportion of mono-unsaturated FAs,C16：1 and C18：1,may originate from de novo FA synthesis but not from the uptake of specific FAs from the medium.This hypothesis is further supported by evidence that both mRNA and protein expression of genes involved in FA synthesis（ACACA,FASN,SCD1,and A-FABP?     

Dynamics of appetite in three fish species (Gasterosteus aculeatus, Phoxinus phoxinus and Carassius auratus gibelio) after feed deprivation

The temporal dynamics of appetite (weight of food consumed per day) were analysed for fish fed to satiation after a 1 or 2-week period of feed deprivation. Three species were compared: two omnivores (minnow, Phoxinus phoxinus and gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio) and a carnivore (three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus). All species showed compensatory changes in appetite and growth during the re-feeding period but in the stickleback, there was a lag of a week before the compensatory response was detected. The temporal dynamics of appetite differed between the three species but not within a species. Appetite of the minnow declined towards control levels from the onset of re-feeding. In gibel carp, appetite increased to a peak and then declined to control levels. In the stickleback, appetite was initially below control levels, increased to a maximum, then declined towards control levels. The differences between the species might have been artefacts of the experimental protocols used but could also reflect underlying differences in the control of appetite in these species of fish.     

对虾病害发生的原因调查及对策分析

本文报道了１９９３年和１９９４年在山东烟台地区养殖对虾发生严重流行病原因的调查结果，着重从养殖环境和饲养管理技术上分析产生疾病的原因，提出了在养殖过程中增强对虾体质、预防疾病的七项措施。     

山东沿海捕鯷双船拖网的试验与推广

山东沿海捕鯷双船拖网的试验与推广孙泰昌，朱清澄（山东省海洋水产研究所，烟台２６４０００）陈泽波（山东省蓬莱市水产技术推广站，２６５０００）关键词近海鱼，双船拖网，鱼群密度ＴＨＥＴＥＳＴＯＦＰＡＩＲ－ＴＲＡＷＬＩＮＧＦＯＲＡＮＣＨＯＶＹＡＮＤＩＴＳＰＯ...     

扶桑绵粉蚧入侵河南省的风险分析

通过入侵有害生物风险识别,建立有害生物危险性评价体系,采用定性和定量的方法从入侵性、适生性、扩散性、潜在风险性、控制可行性等5个方面对扶桑绵粉蚧入侵河南省的风险性进行了分析,得出其综合风险性R值为2.32,属于高度危险性有害生物.根据分析结果提出了风险管理对策.     

夏威夷毛棉第三次考察简报

在2011和2012年工作基础上,于2013年9月23日-10月2日再次赴美国夏威夷州进行毛棉考察,重点考察了拉奈岛（Lanai）和莫洛凯岛（Molokai）。在包括瓦胡岛（Oahu）在内的3个主岛上,共采集到20份棉花样品,特别是发现了特大的毛棉原始居群,具有珍贵的保存价值。另外,总结了野外考察的体会,分析了毛棉居群的生存状态。