基于SRAP标记的黄瓜霜霉菌遗传多样性分析

本研究对来自黑龙江、辽宁、河北、山东、江苏5个省12个黄瓜主产区的77个黄瓜霜霉菌菌株,采用SRAP分子标记进行了遗传多样性分析。从35对SRAP引物中筛选出10对引物,共产生9 554条扩增条带,其中9 132条表现多态性,占95.6%。基于SRAP分子标记,77个黄瓜霜霉菌菌株的遗传距离为0.60~1.00,表明黄瓜霜霉菌具有丰富的遗传多样性。通过聚类分析,77个黄瓜霜霉菌菌株聚类为8个类群,并且来自相同地区的菌株大多数聚集于同一类群中,表明黄瓜霜霉菌群体的遗传多样性与其地理来源密切相关。     

笼型异步磁力耦合器机械特性与试验

为有效解决目前机械传动系统中选用电机时功率裕度过大而普遍存在的能源利用效率较低问题,提出一种基于三相异步电机鼠笼转子的异步磁力耦合器(squirrel cage asynchronous magnetic coupler,SCAMC)。结合SCAMC具体结构特点,采用标量磁位法及二维场边界条件,建立气隙磁场数理模型;在气隙磁通密度中引入时间变量,推导出感生电流随时间变化的表达式;基于电流叠加性,将笼条电流折算到转子表面,并沿圆周方向对感生电流所形成的洛伦兹力进行积分,建立了SCAMC的电磁转矩模型。基于上述理论及技术基础,设计并制造出一台37 k W SCAMC样机,并对其机械特性进行理论计算、仿真验证及试验测试。结果表明:转差率相同时,所得的仿真及试验数据与理论计算值相比,误差不超过5%;SCAMC与同容量的三相异步电机相比,线性工作区更宽,过载能力更强,但其机械特性偏软,可有效缓解负载对电机的冲击。该研究可为磁力耦合器在大惯量、难启动及经常性过载机械设备中的应用提供参考。     

对森林生态共享数据问题的初探

共享数据可以为我国经济社会可持续发展指标研究提供丰富的支撑。可持续发展指标的系统调查已经成为各级行政主管部门的经常性工作,数据的获得成为很容易的事情,并且形成惯例成为数字化产品序列,使指标的实施有了可操作的定量化方法。     

The effects of 17β-estradiol on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by endothelin

AIM:To investigate the effect of 17β-estradiol (E₂) on myocardial hypertrophy induced by endothelin-1(ET-1) and the related mechanism. METHODS:Myocardial cells from neonate rats were cultured in vitro and myocardial hypertrophy model was established with ET-1.The effects of 17β-estradiol on myocardial hypertrophy were observed. The role of ERK1/2 in the effects of 17β-estradiol was also detected. RESULTS:Compared with control group,ET-1 increased cell protein content,cell surface area and ［³H］^-Leucine ［³H］^-Leu) incorporation. Pretreatment with E₂ for 24 h could inhibit the increase in cell protein content,cell surface area and ［³H］^-Leu incorporation induced by ET-1.ET-1 significantly stimulated ERK1/2 activity,which was prevented by pretreatment with E₂.Tamoxifen,estradiol receptor antagonist,partially inhibited the effect of E₂. The ability of ET-1 to stimulate ［³H］^-Leu incorporation was significantly blocked by PD98059,which could enhance the inhibitory effect of E₂ on the increase of ［³H］^-Leu incorporation in cardiomyocytes induced by ET-1.CONCLUSION:E₂ can inhibit cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by ET-1. This effect is mediated by estrogen receptor. ERK1/2 signal pathway is closely correlated with the inhibitory effect of E₂ on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by ET-1.     

昆明鼠卵母细胞的去核及其去核率的观察

本文研究昆明鼠卵母细胞的去核方法，并通过对去核卵母细胞的固定染色，显示其中期Ⅱ染色体，由此观察统计其确定的去核率。     

Effects of the juice of Fructus Hippophae (JFH) on thrombocytopenia induced by cyclophosphamide in rats

AIM:To investigate the effects of the juice of fructus hippophae(JFH) on thrombocytopenia in rats.METHODS:Forty-eight wistar rats were divided into control group, model group, Yixuesheng-Jiaonang (YSJN) group and JFH group. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with cyclophosphamide (CTX, 30 mg/kg) or saline once a day for 3 days. And then, Saline, YSJN or JFH was administered (ig) once a day for 11 days. On the second, fouth, sixth and eighth day, the thrombocyte were counted, the mean platelet volume (MPV) and PDW were examined. On the eighth day, the cAMP, cGMP in platelets and platelet aggregation function were also examined.RESULTS:JFH could shorten the time of blood coagulation, increase the count of platelet, and enhance the platelet aggregation function. The experiment also showed that the JFH could decrease cGMP content in platelet.CONCLUSION:JFH could enhance blood coagulation and quality of platelet and prevent thrombocytopenia induced by cyclophosphamide in rats.     

杨桃果实生长发育过程中营养品质的变化

杨桃（Averrhoa arambola L．）为华南地区重要的热带水果。本试材为华南农业大学园艺分场种植的3年生盆栽马来西亚甜杨桃，砧木为酸杨桃。在杨桃的开花期，选择生长势、开花数量和时间较一致45株为试材，再选择受精时间一致的果实做标记。采样时问从开花后（2003年7月15日）至杨桃充分成熟（2003年10月25）。测定杨桃果实中的糖（蒽酮比色法）、有机酸（HPLC法）、维生素C（2，6-二氯靛酚钠滴定法）和单宁（高锰酸钾滴定法）的含量。     

Greenhouse gas emissions in response to straw incorporation,water management and their interaction in a paddy field in subtropical central China

A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of combination of straw incorporation and water management on fluxes of CH₄, N₂O and soil heterotrophic respiration (Rh) in a paddy field in subtropical central China by using a static opaque chamber/gas chromatography method. Four treatments were set up: two rice straw incorporation rates at 0 (S1) and 6 (S2) t ha^?1 combined with two water managements of intermittent irrigation (W1, with mid-season drainage) and continuous flooding (W2, without mid-season drainage). The cumulative seasonal CH₄ emissions for the treatments of S1W2, S2W1 and S2W2 increased significantly by 1.84, 5.47 and 6.63 times, respectively, while seasonal N₂O emissions decreased by 0.67, 0.29 and 1.21 times, respectively, as compared to S1W1 treatment. The significant increase in the cumulative Rh for the treatments S1W1, S2W1 and S2W2 were 0.54, 1.35 and 0.52 times, respectively, in comparison with S1W2. On a seasonal basis, both the CO₂-equivalents (CO₂e) and yield-scaled CO₂e (GHGI) of CH₄ and N₂O emissions increased with straw incorporation and continuous flooding, following the order: S2W2>S2W1>S1W2>S1W1. Thus, the practices of in season straw incorporation should be discouraged, while mid-season drainage is recommended in paddy rice production from a point view of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.     

长白和大白猪主要生长性状的遗传参数估计

旨在分析母猪的出生年份、出生季节、初生重、开测日龄等固定效应对长白、大白猪主要生长性状的影响,并对目标生长性状进行遗传参数估计(遗传力、遗传方差、表型相关和遗传相关),为猪的遗传改良提供基本依据.本试验利用GLM模型分析试验猪群(398头长白猪和1176头大白猪)的固定效应对猪生长性状的影响,并采用多性状动物模型对目标...     

多重实时荧光定量PCR鉴别欧洲型、美洲型和高致病性PRRSV检测方法的建立

根据欧洲型N基因、美洲型M基因和高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV)nsp2基因的各自保守序列设计特异性的引物和不同荧光标记的TaqMan荧光探针,通过优化反应体系和扩增条件,建立了能够检测欧洲型、美洲型和高致病性PRRSV的多重实时荧光定量PCR方法。该方法的重复试验表明其批内和批间的变异系数最高值分别为1.84%和1.76%;灵敏性试验表明其检测下限为10copies/μL;特异性试验表明与其他一些猪源病毒无交叉反应,具有良好的特异性;临床试验表明,该方法能够快速准确地检测出临床组织样本中美洲型及高致病性PRRSV的核酸;此外,本研究用欧洲型PRRSV质粒进一步验证了该方法可以检测出欧洲型PRRSV的目的基因。该方法的建立为不同类型的PRRSV快速检测提供了有效手段,可用于猪繁殖与呼吸综合征疫情的监测及防控。