利用平原水库实现地表水与地下水联合调蓄的研究——以海河流域东南段为例

海河流域东南段地下水系统调蓄潜力大,调蓄能力强,由于调蓄水源欠缺,地下水的人工调蓄研究停滞不前。研究区近年修建的大量平原水库,为地下水的人工调蓄提供了水源条件。由于单纯依靠平原水库调蓄地表水,不仅侵占大量农田,还将产生诸如水资源浪费、土壤次生盐渍化等环境地质问题。利用地下水巨大的调蓄空间和有利的调蓄途径,凭借一定的回灌工程,将平原水库蓄存的地表水回灌至地下蓄存,同时解决了地下水调蓄的水源问题和地表水调蓄空间、蒸发及其他环境地质问题,是水资源可持续利用的有效途径之一。     

用PCR检测副溶血性弧菌耐热溶血素基因

根据副溶血性弧菌的耐热溶血素基因（ｔｄｈ）设计了２对引物，经聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）检测，所有１８株神奈川试验阳性副溶血性弧菌均呈阳性反应，而６株神奈川试验阴性副溶血性弧菌呈阴性反应，其他９种（３４株）弧菌和８株其他革兰氏阴性菌也呈阴性反应。检测敏感性可达２ＣＦＵ的副溶血性弧菌。     

Anatid herpesvirus 1 CH virulent strain induces syncytium and apoptosis in duck embryo fibroblast cultures

Anatid herpesvirus 1 (AHV-1) CH virulent strain was first isolated from an infected duck and it was found that this virus strain could induce cytopathic effect (CPE) in duck embryo fibroblast (DEF). Following AHV-1 infection, DEF showed morphological changes such as cell rounding, improved refractivity and detachment from the culture surface. However, its pathological characteristics were not adequately known. Related studies were performed and the results showed that syncytium formation could be observed as the other type of CPE in AHV-1 infection. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and 4’, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining of infected DEF were each used to visualize the shape and distribution of chromatin within nuclei and nuclear fragmentation was observed. Chromatin condensation and margination, as well as formation of apoptotic bodies were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). DNA ladder formation was detected in AHV-1 infected cells and apoptosis of the infected DEF was also detected by flow cytometry analysis of Annexin V-FITC/PI staining method. Therefore, it was suggested that AHV-1 virulent strain can induce syncytium and apoptosis in DEF. Syncytium formation and apoptosis observed in this study may contribute to the elucidation of AHV-1 pathogenesis.     

对森林生态共享数据问题的初探

共享数据可以为我国经济社会可持续发展指标研究提供丰富的支撑。可持续发展指标的系统调查已经成为各级行政主管部门的经常性工作,数据的获得成为很容易的事情,并且形成惯例成为数字化产品序列,使指标的实施有了可操作的定量化方法。     

寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草监测与防治

草原是内蒙古地区草食畜牧养殖产业健康发展的基础,同时也是优质牧草的主要来源。有毒有害牧草生长扩散预示着草场退化,对当地草食畜牧养殖产业健康发展会造成毁灭性打击。有毒有害植物生长发育,不仅会危害牲畜健康且还会严重消耗土壤的水分和养分,妨碍优良牧草繁殖生长,使草场产量和质量显著下降。在长时间草场利用过程中,很多农牧民群众只注重索取,不注重生态环境保护,使草场生产能力和抵抗能力逐渐变差,给有毒有害牧草繁殖生长提供了条件。因此需要加强寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草的监测,并采取针对性措施进行防控,降低发病率。该文主要探讨内蒙古呼伦贝尔市寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草的种类,并提出相应的防治措施。     

Immune responses in piglets infected with highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection compromises the host's innate and adaptive immunity. The aim of this study was to investigate the immune responses of piglets infected with highly pathogenic (HP) PRRSV (HuN4 strain) with or without the immunization with CH-1R attenuated PRRSV vaccine. The response was evaluated for the clinical signs, pathological changes and virus load in immune organs, antibody responses and levels of serum IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10. The result showed that in comparison with the piglets received the immunization, the piglets infected with HP-PRRSV alone had the thymus atrophy, decreased serum levels of IL-4 and increased serum levels of IL-10 and INF-γ. These results suggest that elevated IL-10 levels at the early stage of the infection may enhance virus survival and delay the induction of protective immunity, while increased levels of IL-4 induce the effective immune responses and increase the animals' health status.     

柑桔黑斑病的发病特点及检测方法研究进展

柑桔黑斑病(Citrus Black Spot,CBS)是一种真菌性病害,主要为害果实,并产生褐色斑点,严重时蔓延至全果,造成果实腐烂,显著影响果实的品质和外观,降低经济价值,被欧美等国列为重要的检疫性病害,近年来该病在我国一些柑桔产区已上升为主要病害。本文主要从柑桔黑斑病的病原菌、发病特点及检测方法等几个方面进行简要的概述。     

常年性变应性鼻炎手术疗法探讨

探索常年性变应性鼻炎的治疗新方法,方法选择各种非手术疗法不佳的常年性变应性鼻炎患者３６例为手术组（６例伴有支气管哮喘）,病程１．５－２０ａ局麻下行双侧蝶腭,筛前神经电灼加下鼻甲部切除切;另选３１例未行手术首作为对照组。结论蝶腭,筛前神经电灼加下鼻部分切除的新方法为治疗常年性变性鼻炎之有效的方法之一。     

东海南部海域头足类群落结构特征及其与环境关系

为了研究杜氏枪乌贼(Uroteuthis duvaucelii)角质颚形态和生长特征,根据2015年9—10月在南海北部海域采集的样本,通过测定样本胴长(L_M)、体质量(M)和角质颚的形态值,建立胴长与体质量以及角质颚形态参数与胴长的关系,并利用方差分析法比较不同个体和性成熟度间杜氏枪乌贼角质颚形态的差异。结果表明,不同性别未成熟个体间胴长存在显著差异(P<0.01),雌性不同成熟度个体间体质量存在显著差异(P<0.01),胴长和体质量关系符合幂函数,未成熟和性成熟个体的生长系数b分别为2.22~2.25和1.75;性成熟与未成熟个体间角质颚形态值存在显著差异(P<0.01),不同性别未成熟个体间则不存在显著差异(P>0.05);选取的6个角质颚形态参数值与胴长的关系均符合线性生长模型;通过方差分析,认为不同胴长组之间,雌性杜氏枪乌贼角质颚形态存在显著差异(P<0.01),结合性成熟度分析,发现角质颚形态参数同时受到胴长与性成熟度间交互作用的影响(P<0.01)。