中国荷斯坦牛乳蛋白分子遗传多态性和产奶性状相关性的研究

从北京两个主要牛场共采得１８７头中国荷斯坦奶牛的血样,提取基因组ＤＮＡ,通过ＰＣＲ－ＲＦＬＰ方法对Ｋａｐｐａ酪蛋白、Ｂｅｔａ乳球蛋白（βｌｇ）和Ａｌｐｈａ乳白蛋白（α－ｌａ）进行了基因型的鉴定,并结合产奶性状进行统计分析,结果表明,牛群中上述３种乳蛋白基因的基因频率分别为Ｋ－ｃｎＡ７９％,Ｋ－ｃａＢ２１％,β－ｌｇＡ４３％,β－ｌｇＢ５７％,α－ｌｇＢ１００％,Ｋ－ＣＮ和β－ｌｇ基因位眯对产奶量没     

实验动物房消毒试验研究

选用５种常用消毒药物进行消毒试验,抑菌试验。结果表明实验动物房选择消毒药物的顺序为：乳酸、醋酸钠、百毒杀、卫康、过氧乙酸,消毒间隔以３个月为宜。     

Surveillance of Parapoxvirus Among Ruminants in Virginia and Connecticut

In 2008, two deer hunters in Virginia and Connecticut were infected with a unique strain of pseudocowpox virus, a parapoxvirus. To estimate the prevalence of this virus, and in an attempt to define the reservoir, Parapoxvirus surveillance was undertaken between November 2009 and January 2010. 125 samples from four ruminant species (cows, goat, sheep and white‐tailed deer) were collected in Virginia, and nine samples from white‐tailed deer were collected in Connecticut. We found no evidence that the parapoxvirus species that infected the deer hunters is circulating among domesticated ruminants or white‐tailed deer. However, parapoxvirus DNA of a different parapoxvirus species, bovine papular stomatitis virus (BPSV), was detected in 31 samples obtained from asymptomatic cattle in Virginia. Parapoxvirus DNA–positive cattle originated from the same counties indicating probable transmission among animals. Molecular analysis identified BPSV as the parapoxvirus affecting animals. Asymptomatic parapoxvirus infections in livestock, particularly young animals, may be common, and further investigation will inform our knowledge of virus transmission.     

山东省沂南县动物强制免疫“先打后补”现状分析

2021年,沂南县推进动物疫病强制免疫“先打后补”工作,依托“鲁牧云”信息平台,通过强化组织领导,加强政策宣贯,强化人员培训,放开强免疫苗经营渠道,提供抗体检测无偿服务等措施,提升了养殖场户“先打后补”的积极性、自主性、灵活性,强化了养殖场户动物防疫主体责任,满足了养殖场户疫苗多样化需求。但由于 “先打后补”补助金额少、社会化服务不规范、基层动物防疫体系弱化、缺少配套工作经费等原因,部分养殖场户实施“先打后补”的积极性不高。建议通过规范社会化服务组织,强化培训水平,提高补助标准,强化三级（县乡村）基础设施建设,升级“鲁牧云”等措施,确保“先打后补”政策惠及更多养殖场户。     

高寒牧区碱茅＋杂花苜蓿混播试验初报

为选择适合在高海拔，寒冷地区推广的多年生混播牧草品种，采用近年培育出的甘农１号杂花苜蓿与碱茅，在肃南县进行了混播试验，结果表明，高寒地区碱茅与甘农１号杂花苜蓿混播有较强的抗寒性和越冬能力，碱茅与苜蓿以７：４比例混播，可获得最佳产草量和牧草品质。     

陇西南塬区农业生产系统结构与效益研究

本研究通过对陇西南塬区农业生产系统的结构分析，确认该系统的特征为产业结构不合理（以种植业为主），种植业以粮食生产为主，复种指数低（１１１％）；养殖业中草食家畜比例低，饲养技术落后，良种率低；林果业效益低下；人口密度高，劳动力过剩，生产能源短缺等。通过系统分析提出了调控方针，该系统整体效益提高的关键是发展以草食家畜为核心的养殖业，种植业应及时调整结构，提高经济作物和饲料作物的比例，提高复种指数，林果     

Sequence of the canine c-yes proto-oncogene

Cloning of the canine yes oncogene was attempted from a c library derived from a healthy canine spleen using a human c-yes-1 probe. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences revealed that the canine yes gene contained an open reading frame consisting of 539 amino acids. Its product had a molecular mass of 60,368 Daltons and showed 95·9 per cent and 90·4 per cent homology with human and chick p61^c-yes, respectively. Moreover, the product had a myristylation signal, src homology region (SH) 3, SH2, and tyrosine kinase domains showing 98·8 per cent and 96·0 per cent homology with those of human beings and chickens, respectively. These findings indicate that the products of the canine yes gene may have non-receptor-type tyrosine kinase activity on the cell membrane, as is the case in human and chick p61^c-yes     

山羊鼻内腺瘤和腺癌的病理学研究

发生于内蒙古自治区某地的山羊鼻内肿瘤呈地方性流行，临床上病羊初期流出大量浆液性鼻液，随后逐渐出现呼吸困难和鼻塞音，肿瘤可侵犯周围组织引起眼球突出和头颅变形，最后死于窒息。１４例山羊鼻内肿瘤的病理学研究表明，肿瘤起源于筛骨迷路粘膜的腺体（包括浆液腺和粘液腺），组织学上为腺瘤，以后可转变为腺癌，并向周围组织作浸润性生长，未见转移。２例作透射电镜检查见瘤组织有异型性，瘤组织和瘤组织内未见病毒样颗粒。发生     

采用“诱乳素”诱导空怀母牛泌乳的效果分析

试验选择6头500—800kg屡配不孕的荷斯坦母牛采用“诱乳素”进行诱导泌乳处理。结果表明,“诱乳素”在春季对母牛处理后开始出现泌乳的时间有差异,但到23天后,其产奶量可逐渐达到20kg。对体重大的母牛,虽然诱导泌乳处理时加大了药物的剂量,处理的时间延长,但开始出现泌乳的时间却推迟到8～9天,达到产奶高峰的时间也较晚。采用“诱乳素”处理除了对空怀母牛有明显的诱导泌乳作用外,对母牛的诱导发情亦有明显的作用。采用“诱乳素”处理空怀母牛,不仅可以在短期内达到诱导泌乳的效果,而且可以改善母牛的生殖功能,使不发情的母牛发情趋于正常,提高了其繁殖率。     

Seroprevalence of chlamydial infection in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, southern China

Chlamydia spp. are obligate intracellular gram-negative bacteria that cause a wide range of significant diseases in humans and animals worldwide, resulting in significant economic losses. Chlamydial infection in cattle has been reported in many countries including China. However, there has been no survey of chlamydial infection of dairy cattle in Guangzhou, southern China. The objective of the present investigation was to examine the chlamydial seroprevalence in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, subtropical southern China by using an indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA). The overall seroprevalence of chlamydial infection in dairy cattle was 7.25% (29/400). Greater than or equal to eight-yr-old dairy cattle had the highest seroprevalence (10.34%), followed by those that were ≥ 6 years old or < 7 years old dairy cattle (10.20%), although there were no statistically significant differences among different groups (P > 0.05). Dairy cattle with 5 pregnancies had the highest seroprevalence (10.81%). These results indicate that chlamydial infection was present in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, subtropical southern China, and integrated strategies and measures should be executed to control and prevent chlamydial infection and disease outbreak in the study region.