非淀粉多糖复合酶制剂对断奶仔猪血液指标的影响

选用120头平均体重为(8.1±0.2)kg的PIC断奶仔猪,采用单因素完全随机化试验设计,研究在饲料中添加复合酶对断奶仔猪血液指标的影响。试验共设5个处理组,每个处理4个重复,每个重复6头猪。试验期为28 d,分为前期(1～14 d)和后期(15～28 d)两个阶段。结果表明:非淀粉多糖复合酶组能显著提高断奶仔猪前期血糖、总蛋白的含量(P<0.05);提高后期断奶仔猪血糖、总蛋白和免疫球蛋白A的含量(P<0.05),复合酶Ⅱ效果好于复合酶Ⅰ。     

辐射制冷技术浅圆仓控温试验研究

将辐射制冷材料粘贴或涂刷于浅圆仓仓顶和外壁,试验表明:试验仓比对照仓仓顶外表面平均温度低4.3℃,最高值低26.1℃;平均仓温低2.8℃,最高值低5.6℃;平均粮面温度低2.4℃,最高值低4.7℃。试验表明,辐射制冷材料应用于浅圆仓具有显著的降温效果,新型辐射制冷技术产业化的突破为粮食仓储行业实现更高质量的仓储环境提供了新材料,为实现浅圆仓的准低温储粮提供了新的参考方法。     

江苏东台2012年棉花生产特点与问题分析

通过对江苏省东台市2012年棉花生产情况的调研,简述了东台市2012年棉花生产的产量结构与效益收入、气候特点与苗情变化情况,介绍了夺取棉花高产的主要技术措施,分析了目前棉花生产上存在的突出问题及其制约棉花生产发展的主要因素。为东台市进一步发挥棉花生产优势、提升棉花生产水平、增加植棉经济效益、稳定棉花生产贡献力量。     

Two perennial legumes (Astragalus adsurgens Pall. and Lespedeza davurica S.) adapted to semiarid environments are not as productive as lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), but use less water

Perennial forage legumes, particularly lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), play a significant role in crop/livestock mixed farming systems in the semiarid region of the Loess Plateau of China as stock feed and a source of nitrogen for subsequent crops. However, there is evidence that lucerne reduces soil water deep in the soil profile, thereby reducing subsequent crop productivity. From 2004 to 2010, this study evaluated the forage productivity and water use of two locally adapted perennial legume species, milk vetch (Astragalus adsurgens Pall.) and bush clover (Lespedeza davurica S.), compared with lucerne. The 7‐year total and average annual forage yield of milk vetch were 56 and 8 t ha^?1 and bush clover was 42 and 6 t ha^?1, respectively, significantly lower than lucerne at 91 and 13 t ha^?1. However, despite lower water‐use efficiencies (16 and 12 kg ha^?1 mm^?1 for milk vetch and bush clover, respectively, compared to 22 kg ha^?1 mm^?1 for lucerne), the total 7‐year water use in milk vetch and bush clover was 3500 mm and 3490 mm, respectively, which was 135–140 mm less than lucerne. After 7 years, lucerne had extracted water from the upper 5 m soil, whereas bush clover used water mainly from the upper 2 m of the soil profile and milk vetch still had some water available below 3 m. We conclude that while the locally adapted forage legumes were not as productive as lucerne as a source of fodder in mixed cropping/livestock system in this region, they use less water, which may be advantageous in drier regions.     

《园林绿化工程施工质量验收规范》修订简析

指出了上海市地方标准《园林绿化工程施工质量验收规范》是上海市园林绿化工程施工质量检验、验收的标准。通过对修编背景的梳理,遵循一定的原则,采取了明确的技术路线,修订出了系统的园林绿化工程质量标准和验收要求,以进一步加强本市园林绿化工程施工质量管理,完善本市园林绿化工程领域的标准体系。     

Bacillus subtilis-based direct-fed microbials augment macrophage function in broiler chickens

The present study was conducted to evaluate the function of Bacillus subtilis-based direct-fed microbials (DFMs) on macrophage functions, i.e., nitric oxide (NO) production and phagocytosis in broiler chickens. DFMs used in this study were eight single strains designated as Bs2084, LSSAO1, 3AP4, Bs18, 15AP4, 22CP1, Bs27, and Bs278, and one multiple strain DFM product (Avicorr™) containing equal amount of Bs2084, LSSAO1 and 15AP4. NO concentrations were monitored in plasma and in the supernatants from the peripheral blood-derived monocytic cells (PBMC)-derived macrophages stimulated by either chicken recombinant interferon gamma (IFNγ) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli or Salmonella typhi. In addition, phagocytosis of fluorescent beads and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled Salmonella by PBMC-derived macrophage was assayed. Plasma NO levels were significantly higher in groups given 3AP4 or Bs27 diets compared with the control group at days 7 and 14. NO production by PBMC-derived macrophages stimulated with IFNγ or LPS was apparent, although the effect was strain-dependent. Phagocytosis of fluorescent beads or GFP-labeled Salmonella by macrophages was augmented in groups on DFM-supplemented diets compared with those fed the control diet. This study describes the immunomodulatory effects of Bacillus-based DFMs on innate immunity in broiler chickens.     

应用PCR检测猪圆环病毒2型和猪繁殖呼吸综合征混合感染

猪圆环病毒病自1991年加拿大首次报道以来，包括我国在内的世界上许多国家和地区都报道有该病发生。近年来，该病发生呈上升趋势，给世界的养猪业造成了相当大的经济损失。目前猪圆环病毒在猪场中的感染率是很高的，它主要侵害断奶后2-3周的仔猪，发病率为20％。60％，死亡率为5％-35％。已成为阻碍当今养猪业发展的重要病原之一。     

籼型杂交稻幼穗离体培养及再生植株诱导

籼型杂交稻组合“汕优23选”为新的具高培养力的材料,其幼穗愈伤组织诱导率约为80%,绿苗得率高达970.8%。幼穗离体培养选材以穗长2cm 以下(幼穗分化第3～4期)为宜。MN 和 N_6两种培养基适用于籼型杂交稻的幼穗离体培养,以 MN(诱导)→N_6(继代)→MN(分化)的培养基替换方式,对愈伤组织的继代培养和绿苗分化具有良好效果。采用KT 2mg/L+BA 1mg/L+IAA 0.5mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L 的激素配比,有效地提高了绿苗分化率。通过幼穗离体培养,可迅速和大量地获得再生植株,这对开展水稻组培育种和体细胞遗传学研究具有一定意义。     

溶胶-凝胶法功能性改良木材研究进展

基于木材天然的双重毛细管系统结构,金属醇盐可在木材"微/纳米容器"内进行溶胶-凝胶反应最终制备木材-无机复合材料。在溶胶-凝胶改良木材过程中,以金属醇盐为主要组分的前驱体溶液可通过涂覆、浸渍/真空加压浸渍、微波/超声波辅助等方式对木材进行改性,且木材密度、基材初始含水率、溶胶反应体系、溶胶粒径、溶胶pH值等对木材溶胶-凝胶改性效果都会有一定的影响。文中主要从制备方法和影响因素2个方面对溶胶-凝胶法功能性改良木材的研究现状进行归纳总结,并提出溶胶-凝胶功能性改良木材的应用前景和发展方向。     

红豆草和早熟沙打旺在长武县的引种试验

黄土高原沟壑区畜牧业的发展,要求提供高产优质的牧草,建立牧草基地。为此,我们在陕西省长武县进行了优良牧草红豆草和早熟沙打旺的引种工作。观测表明,红豆草和早熟沙打旺的越冬率为100%,生长发育良好。红豆草的抗旱性强,含有丰富的营养物质,粗蛋白含量在各个时期均很高,适口性好,是优良的蛋白质饲料;早熟沙打旺产草量要比红豆草高。这两种牧草,尤其是红豆草是很有推广价值的。