杨树烂皮病生防链霉菌的筛选及鉴定

为明确能有效抑制杨树烂皮病菌的拮抗放线菌F58的生防效果及分类地位,采用平板对峙法、杯碟法和人工接种法分别测定了其活菌及发酵液的抑菌活性;并通过形态学、生理生化特征、16S rRNA及全细胞脂肪酸分析等方法研究了其分类地位。结果表明,拮抗放线菌F58对杨树烂皮病菌、杨树溃疡病菌、苹果斑点落叶病菌等13种供试植物病原菌均有抑制作用,抑菌谱广,其中对杨树烂皮病菌和杨树溃疡病菌抑制作用最强,抑菌带达30.2 mm以上,菌株F58发酵液对这2种病菌也有很强的抑制作用,抑菌圈直径分别为56.4 mm和42.7 mm;发酵液的无菌滤液对杨树烂皮病的保护效果和治疗效果分别达88.7%和73.4%。根据菌株形态、生理生化特性、16S rRNA序列比对及全细胞脂肪酸分析,鉴定拮抗放线菌F58为盐屋链霉菌Streptomyces sioyaensis。     

球孢白僵菌对橘小实蝇实验种群的影响

研究了球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)B6菌株对橘小实蝇成虫(Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel)的影响。结果表明,在杨桃、番石榴与香蕉3种水果上喷施球孢白僵菌孢子悬浮液,橘小实蝇雌成虫平均产卵量分别为(188.3±11.4)粒、(156.7±13.1)粒、(165.3±9.1)粒,与对照差异不显著;孵化的老熟幼虫数量分别(156.3±11.5)头、(130.3±8.3)头、(147.7±10.6)头,与对照差异也不显著;成虫存活率分别为51.1%、52.2%、62.3%,与对照差异极显著。干扰作用控制指数IIPC为0.554 2、0.573 0、0.667 7,对橘小实蝇成虫控制效果明显。     

进境荷兰郁金香种苗中南芥菜花叶病毒的鉴定

为了防止南芥菜花叶病毒(Arabis mosaic virus,ArMV)传入我国,采用血清学、分子生物学、电镜观察及生物学接种等方法对从荷兰进口的郁金香种苗进行了ArMV检测。结果表明:ArMV血清学反应为强阳性;RT-PCR反应扩增出370bp的特异性目标条带;RT-PCR产物与已报道的3个ArMV部分外壳蛋白基因的核苷酸序列同源性为91.00%～93.24%,氨基酸序列同源性为99%～100%;免疫电镜观察到叶片病汁液中含有直径约30nm的球状病毒粒体;该病毒在黄花烟、白肋烟、矮牵牛和昆诺藜等鉴别寄主上引起坏死和褪绿等典型症状,经DAS-ELISA检测,这些接种寄主均呈ArMV血清学阳性反应。故将该病毒鉴定为南芥菜花叶病毒。     

Effects of astragaloside on the levels of sex hormone and oxidative stress injury in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome

AIM To investigate the effects of astragaloside on the levels of sex hormone and oxidative stress in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS）. METHODS Female SD rats （n=60） were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, Diane-35 （0.339 2 mg/kg） group, low dose astragaloside （12.5 mg/kg） group and high dose astragaloside （50 mg/kg） group, with 12 rats in each group. The PCOS model was induced by letrozole （1 mg/kg）, which was administered by gavage once a day for 3 weeks. After administration, the estrus cycle of the rats was observed by vaginal smear, and the ovarian index was calculated. HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of the ovaries. Serum levels of the sex hormones testosterone （T）, estradiol （E₂）, luteinizing hormone （LH） and follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） were measured by ELISA. The levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, malondialdehyde （MDA） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） in serum and ovarian tissue were detected by colorimetry, and the protein levels of steroidogenetic acute regulatory protein （StAR） and apoptosis-related proteins cleaved caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in ovarian tissue were detected by Western blot. RESULT Compared with control group, the oestrous cycle of the rats in model group was disorder, and the ovarian index was increased, ovary was polycystic. The serum levels of T, LH and MDAwere significantly increased （P<0.05）, while the contents of E2, FSH and the activities of GSH-Px and SOD were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. The levels of MDA, StAR, cleaved caspase-3 and Bax proteins in ovarian tissue were significantly up-regulated （P<0.05）. GSH-Px and SOD activities and Bcl-2 protein levels were significantly down-regulated （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION Astragalosideeffectively balances the levels of sex hormone in PCOS rats and relieves the oxidative stress injury, the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of StAR expression.     

猕猴桃AdCCS1基因的克隆及其表达调控

采用RT-PCR法从‘米良1号’猕猴桃中分离到1 066 bp的铜锌超氧化物歧化酶分子伴侣蛋白基因AdCCS1,登录号为KY471361。AdCCS1的开放阅读框为984 bp,编码327个氨基酸,包含3个典型结构域（N端结构域、中间结构域和C端结构域）和2个保守的金属结合位点（MXCXXC和CXC）。基因结构分析显示AdCCS1由6个外显子和5个内含子组成。系统进化分析表明AdCCS1聚在双子叶植物分支中,与茶树CsCCS的亲缘关系最近。此外,AdCCS1的5′端调控区存在多种光响应、胁迫响应和激素响应应答元件。定量PCR分析显示,AdCCS1在猕猴桃叶片中的表达量最高,其次是成熟果、花、幼果和茎,在根中的表达量最低。猕猴桃果实中AdCCS1在4 ℃低温贮藏过程中的表达量均比25 ℃贮藏中同期的低,说明低温抑制AdCCS1的表达。脱落酸和赤霉素处理后AdCCS1的表达下调,但二者的应答模式不同。     

Response of CREG1 promoter to serum starvation in human vascular cells

AIM: In order to explore the regulatory mechanisms of the human cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes (hCREG1) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)-HITASY and in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), we clone and construct hCREG1 promoter vector to detect its expression in different vascular cells. METHODS: With the results of biological information, the fragments including -3 677 bp, -2 310 bp and -945 bp upstream sequences of hCREG1 were amplified respectively using human genomic DNA template by PCR. The products were inserted into pMD18-T vector, and then were subcloned into pEGFP-1 report vector to obtain the pEGFP-hCREG1-promoter vectors. The pEGFP-hCREG1-P3677, pEGFP-hCREG1-P2310 and pEGFP-hCREG1-P945 vectors were transfected into HITASY cells and HUVECs transiently and the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) was detected respectively by Western blotting and fluorescent microscope. RESULTS: It was confirmed that all three PCR fragments inserted into vectors were corrected by sequencing analysis. However, the expression of GFP was different significantly in both types of vascular cells. The expression of GFP in HUVECs was higher than that in HITASY cells. Meanwhile, the expression of GFP in HITASY cells with 0.5% FBS was increased obviously compared to that in HITASY cells with 10% FBS. CONCLUSION: The reporter vectors of hCREG1 promoter are constructed successfully in which the core promoter region might be located in -945 bp-0 bp of 5′ upstream sequences. This study will provide an experimental basis for exploring the regulation of hCREG1 expression.     

苹果6–磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶基因Md6PGDH1的克隆和功能分析

以‘嘎拉’苹果为材料,克隆了6–磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶基因Md6PGDH1(序列号:MDP0000279299)全长。序列分析显示,该基因包含一个长为1 047 bp完整的开放阅读框,编码347个氨基酸,分子量为36.430 k D,预测等电点为9.24。同源性分析表明Md6PGDH1还有另外3个同源基因;功能域分析表明Md6PGDH蛋白含有两个保守的绑定域;亚细胞预测表明Md6PGDH定位存在差异。分析Md6PGDH1启动子发现存在多个响应非生物胁迫的顺式作用元件。定量分析显示,Md6PGDH1在苹果的不同组织中都有表达,且受非生物胁迫诱导。原核诱导Md6PGDH1蛋白并进行蛋白酶活的测定,为后续蛋白功能鉴定奠定了基础。Md6PGDH1在苹果愈伤组织中过量表达,提高其抗盐胁迫的能力。     

黄花菜胚囊受精前后的超微结构观察

 应用透射电镜技术研究黄花菜（Hemerocallis citrine Baroni）助细胞、卵细胞、中央细胞、 合子与初生胚乳核的超微结构特征。结果如下：助细胞有高度发达的丝状器;一个助细胞在花粉管进入 后退化;宿存助细胞在合子期退化。受精前,卵细胞、助细胞合点端无壁,细胞膜完整;受精后,合子 被完整的细胞壁包围。受精前超微结构特征显示卵细胞代谢活动低,合子期的代谢活性被激活;中央细 胞、初生胚乳核代谢活性较高。卵细胞质中的精核由双层核膜包被,染色质高度凝聚,核孔数少。助细 胞、卵细胞、中央细胞缺乏中央大液泡是黄花菜成熟胚囊的显著特征。     

花椰菜新品种雪剑一号的选育

雪剑一号是以福建地方品种经7代连续自交选育出的优良自交系CH19为父本,以雄性不育系02-9-10为母本配制成的早熟秋花椰菜一代杂种,生育期60d左右;植株生长势较强,株型直立紧凑,外叶深绿色、蜡质中等,叶柄较短,内叶合抱自护球;花球雪白、紧实、高圆形,单球质量1.12kg左右,每667m2产量2600kg左右。     

不同保鲜膜对草莓果实贮藏品质的影响

以草莓"红颜"为试材,以PVC(聚氯乙烯)膜为对照,研究了PE(聚乙烯)膜、PHM(多层PE系)膜、纳米银膜、PVDC(聚偏二氯乙烯)膜等5种保鲜处理在(4.0±0.6)℃贮藏条件下对草莓果实失重率、硬度和可溶性固形物、维生素C、可溶性糖含量及感官品质的影响。结果表明:相较于PVC保鲜膜,PVDC膜与PHM膜能够较好的保持草莓果实的贮藏品质。其中PVDC膜包装可以有效地减少果实水分散失,保持草莓的硬度以及果实可溶性固形物含量;PHM膜包装可以较好的保持草莓果实可溶性固形物、维生素C、可溶性糖含量,维持果实的营养成分。