Mechanism of Fuzilizhong decoction alleviating inflammatory damage of rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

AIM To observe the effect of Fuzilizhong decoction on the inflammatory damage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） rats and to explore its mechanism. METHODS SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups： control group, model group, high dose （20 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）, middle dose （10 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）, low dose （5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） Fuzilizhong decoction group and Yishanfu （30 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）group, 8 rats in each group. A NAFLD rat modelwas established by intragastric administration of fat emulsion for 4 weeks. Then the drug was given for 4 weeks in each treatment group. HE staining was performed to observe the histopathological changes of the rat liver.The serum levels of interleukin-2（IL-2）, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） were measured by ELISA. The expression of toll like receptor 4（TLR4） and NF-κB p65 in liver tissues at mRNA and protein levels was determined by RT-qPCR and Western bolt,respectively. RESULTS Compared with control group, the inflammatory damage of liver tissue was more serious, the serum levels of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α, the mRNA expression TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in liver tissues were significantly increased in model group（P<0.05）. However, compared with model group, the liver pathological changes in each treatment group were significantly relieved, the serum levels of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α, the mRNA expression of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in liver tissues were significantly reduced（P<0.05）.In addition, the changes of TLR4 and p-NF-κB p65 protein levels in liver tissue were consistent with the changes of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 mRNA. CONCLUSION Fuzilizhong decoction attenuates the inflammatory damages of NAFLD in rats by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway.     

多效唑对不同高度粉蕉植株的矮化效应研究

以"金粉1号"粉蕉为试材,设置4个不同植株高度梯度处理,对其进行2次相等用量的多效唑树盘淋施,并对各处理植株新抽生叶片叶间距、株高、茎基围及产量性状指标进行测定与比较分析,以期筛选出多效唑矮化粉蕉的适宜施用时期。结果表明,多效唑处理对粉蕉产量性状无显著性影响,对粉蕉营养生长有显著抑制作用,植株叶间距明显缩短,株高降低,茎干比增加。其中T2(90 cm≤株高<120 cm)处理矮化效果最为理想,收获期株高359.4 cm,较对照显著降低20.9%,茎干比较对照显著增加5.7个百分点,果指长、果指周长、株产与对照相比稍有减小,差异不显著。     

人工栽培粗毛淫羊藿苷的含量变化

为了寻找淫羊藿苷在人工种植的粗毛淫羊藿地上、地下各部位及夏、秋、冬三季的动态分布规律,以指导栽培、收获,分别在6、9、12月中旬取样测定苷在叶片、地上茎、地下根状茎及须根中的含量。结果表明,淫羊藿苷在叶片中含量最高,地上茎最低。栽培上要注意提高叶片及须根产量。     

三峡库区林草间作及肉羊高效养殖模式探讨

从牧草引种、疏林地和果园种草、肉羊养殖等方面,对三峡库区的林草间作及肉羊高效养殖技术模式进行了探讨.通过研究,筛选出了适合库区种植的优质高产牧草种类及水土保持的牧草种类,提出了林草间作的技术要点,同时应用肉羊高效养殖技术饲养肉山羊,把退耕还林还草和草地畜牧业有机地结合在一起,并强调了二者的相互依赖性,实现可持续发展.     

不同有机肥用量对黄瓜生长及养分吸收的影响

在温室基质栽培条件下,研究了配施等量化肥时不同用量有机肥对黄瓜生长及养分吸收的影响。试验采用有机肥系烘干鸡粪,所有供试肥料均以底肥形式一次施入。研究结果表明,高量有机肥处理(有机肥50,100 kg/m3)严重抑制了黄瓜定植初期的生长,黄瓜前期产量也明显低于不施或低量有机肥处理。随着施肥量的增加,黄瓜氮、磷、钾养分吸收量均显著增加。黄瓜定植后74 d,所有处理基质的速效氮养分均已处于极低的水平,黄瓜普遍出现缺肥症状。试验初步证明了长季节栽培条件下一次施用高量有机肥难以及时提供足量的速效氮源,无法满足蔬菜养分需求。     

湖北省不同地区水稻土对几种养分的吸附能力研究

对湖北省4个不同地区典型水稻土的磷(P)、钾(K)、硫(S)、硼(B)、锌(Zn)的吸附能力进行了研究。4种水稻土对P的吸收能力大小顺序为:洪湖市油-稻两熟区近代河流冲积物母质发育的水稻土(4#土)>襄樊市麦-稻两熟区Q3母质发育的水稻土(3#土)>荆门油-稻两熟区Q3母质发育的水稻土(2#土)>蕲春县油-稻-稻三熟制区花岗片麻岩母质发育的水稻土(1#土);对K的吸收能力大小顺序为:3#>4#>1#>2#;对S的吸收能力大小顺序为:3#>2#>4#>1#;对Zn的吸收能力大小顺序为:3#>4#>2#>1#;对B的吸收能力大小顺序为:3#>4#>1#>2#。田间养分管理策略应根据不同地区土壤对养分的吸附能力大小进行相应调整。     

不同缓释肥对油菜品种黔油早2号生长发育及产量的影响

[目的]筛选适合杂交油菜黔油早2号一次性施肥及撒播的缓释肥种类及经济用量,为该品种大面积轻简化栽培应用提供技术支撑.[方法]采用随机区组设计,以市售的5种缓释肥料及普通氮磷钾复混肥(CCF)为研究对象,设单施及混施等11个施肥处理,以空白施肥为对照,测定并分析各处理油菜在稻田和旱地环境下叶片叶绿素含量、生物产量及籽粒产量的差异,筛选最适缓释肥.另以油菜专用缓释复合肥为对照,设3个施肥水平进行最适缓释肥经济用量研究.[结果]随着生育进程的推进,稻田环境下,空白对照、宜施壮油菜专用缓释复合肥(YSZ)、沃夫特缓释掺控肥(WFT)和鲁西硫酸钾控失肥(LX)单施处理的叶片SPAD值呈先升后降的变化趋势,CCF单施及洲际核金刚有机无机控释缓释复合肥(HJG)+CCF、WFT+CCF、LX+CCF混施处理的叶片SPAD值逐步升高;旱地环境下,除HJG单施和WFT+CCF混施处理外,其余各处理叶片SPAD值均呈上升趋势;但两种环境下播种后60、90和120 d时,各处理的SPAD值差异均不显著(P>0.05,下同).各处理生物产量,地上部鲜重除旱地播种后60 d外,其他时期处理间差异均达显著水平(P<0.05,下同);地上部干重除稻田播种后90 d差异不显著外,其他时期处理间的差异均达显著水平;播种后90和120 d,不同处理间地下部鲜重差异显著,地下部干重差异均不显著.缓释肥及其施用方式在两种环境下对油菜产量影响显著.其中,稻田LX单施、WFT单施和HJG+CCF混施处理的产量较高,分别达3073.20、2863.05和2791.35 kg/ha;旱地LX+CCF、WFT+CCF和ZS+CCF混施处理的产量较高,分别达3890.25、3713.55和3525.15 kg/ha;综合两种环境,LX单施、WFT+CCF混施和WFT单施处理的产量较高.WFT在高和中等施肥水平下,黔油早2号产量均较同一水平下的其他缓释肥处理高,且环境变异度小.其中,在高施肥水平下,较对照YSZ处理增产150.15 kg/ha,增幅8.57%;较LX处理增产169.35 kg/ha,增幅9.77%.2016—2018年分别实施的2.67和37.33 ha一次性施肥撒播示范结果显示,WFT用量为750 kg/ha时,黔油早2号平均产量分别达2554.20和2350.20 kg/ha.[结论]在贵州省金沙县及具有相似气候及土壤条件的地区,黔油早2号一次性施肥撒播栽培最适合的缓释肥为沃夫特缓释掺控肥(N-P2O5-K2O=22-10-10),施用量约为767.10 kg/ha.     

China's alfalfa market and imports: Development,trends, and potential impacts of the U.S.–China trade dispute and retaliations

This study examines the development and trends of China's alfalfa market and imports, identifies key factors for the rapid increase in China's alfalfa imports, and discusses potential impacts of the U.S.–China trade dispute and retaliations on the alfalfa markets and trade in both nations. China's rapid transition toward larger-scale commercial dairy production, with enhanced feed and cost management as well as quality and safety control, and its limited resources for high-quality alfalfa production are key factors for the dramatic increase in its alfalfa imports, from 19 601 metric tons in 2008 to 1.38 million metric tons (mmt) in 2018. While the United States dominated China's alfalfa imports with an average share of 97.01% from 2007 to 2017, the share dropped to 83.76% in 2018 and 63.28% in January 2019 due to the trade dispute and retaliations started in 2018. China will likely remain a large importer of alfalfa because of both its growing demand and the comparative advantages of imported alfalfa in quality and price, but the imports from the United States will be highly affected by the ongoing trade dispute and negotiations. China is also expected to make more efforts to reduce its dependence on U.S. alfalfa through increased investment in domestic alfalfa production and identification of alternative sources of alfalfa and other hay imports.     

配方施肥改善米老排容器苗生长指标

为筛选米老排容器苗最佳施肥组合,采用L₁₆ (4 ⁵)正交试验设计和等量施肥法,研究N、P和K肥3因素对米老排容器苗苗高、地径、生物量以及养分利用的影响。研究结果表明：不同施肥组合处理对米老排容器苗苗高、地径、总生物量等指标均有着显著影响,配方施肥对米老排容器苗的生长发育具有明显促进作用;3种肥料对米老排容器苗苗高生长的影响效应均是N>P>K,其施肥最优组合是N₁P₃K₂（每株施N、P和K分别为50、50、60 mg）,对地径生长和生物量积累影响效应均为N>K>P,施肥最优组合分别是N₁P₄K₂（每株施N、P和K分别为50、60、60 mg）和N₁P₄K₁（每株施N、P和K分别为50、60、45 mg）;合理的配方施肥能有效提高米老排苗木的养分利用效率。综合苗木各指标看,米老排容器苗最优施肥配方是：N₁P₄K₁（每株施N、P和K分别为50、60、45 mg）。