Hydraulic Retention Time Influence on Improving Flocculation in the Activated Sludge Processes Through Polyelectrolytes

Hydraulic retention time (HRT) influence improving sludge flocculation with adding the polyelectrolytes (non-ionic, anionic, and cationic) was studied on an activated sludge (AS) system fed with synthetic domestic wastewater (SDW), dairy industry wastewater (DIW), and caramel industry wastewater (CIW). The sludge volumetric index, food/microorganism ratio (F/M), and mixed liquor volatile suspended solids at different HRTs (6, 8 and 10 h) were monitored on an experimental model. Results showed that both SDW and IW had the best sludge flocculation conditions at 8 h and 100 mL of non-ionic polyelectrolyte (0.2 mg L^?1). In addition, this phenomenon reached the organic matter removal efficiencies of 95.9, 95.7, and 94.2% for SDW, DIW, and CIW, respectively. Therefore, optimum HRT increased the organic matter removal efficiencies by 10%, sludge concentration by 37% (22–55%), and F/M ratio by 70%. Moreover, the polyelectrolytes used in AS improved the sludge flocculation by 2.9 times.     

水稻淀粉合成代谢相关基因与千粒重QTLs的连锁分析

稻米淀粉的合成和积累是水稻千粒重形成的重要基础之一。在水稻千粒重QTLs定位分析基础上，对本研究克隆的14个水稻胚乳淀粉合成与积累相关基因及已报道的和预测的42个相关基因进行了电子定位分析，比较水稻淀粉合成代谢相关基因与千粒重QTLs的连锁关系。发现有38个基因位点与千粒重QTLs连锁，说明千粒重形成与胚乳淀粉积累与淀粉结构形成代谢密切相关。本研究结果将为进一步研究水稻产量形成的分子机理提供参考。     

Comparison of larval thermal maxima between <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fundulus heteroclitus</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">F. grandis</Emphasis>

Fundulus heteroclitus and F. grandis are resident salt marsh fishes that overlap in distribution over a narrow range in northeastern Florida. The objective of the present study was to examine whether the limits of the species’ ranges could be explained by differences in thermal tolerance. Two populations of each species were collected and then spawned in the laboratory, and 9-day-old larvae were used for critical thermal maxima trials. Mean LOE temperatures of larvae ranged from 43.04 to 43.65°C and showed little difference between species. Therefore, differences in high temperatures experienced cannot account for the differences of the distributions of the two species. Condition-specific competition may play a greater role in determining the observed range of the two species.     

基于SRAP分子标记的11份柑橘种质材料遗传多样性分析

为分析11份柑橘种质材料的遗传多样性,本研究以7份沙糖橘种质以及4份其他柑橘种质为试验材料,利用SRAP分子标记进行分析,并用UPGMA法进行聚类.结果表明:160对引物组合筛选出20对引物组合扩增条带清晰,11份种质材料两两之间遗传相似系数在0.322 1～0.931 6之间.沙糖橘和金葵蜜橘间的遗传相似系数最大,为...     

田面微地形对滴灌灌水均匀性的影响

首先分析了田面微地形对滴头实际工作压力的影响,田面越不平整,滴头实际工作压力与设计工作压力的差值越大,当田面局部高差大于滴头设计工作压力时,滴头流量等于零;然后提出了田面微地形产生的流量偏差率公式,并用泰勒级数展开;最后利用描述统计方法和独立样本T-检验的方法对余项进行分析,置信度为99%的余项取值区间为0.001￣0.002,说明余项能够被忽略,田面微地形产生的流量偏差率公式可以用简单的形式来表示。     

Factors affecting the adoption of agroforestry practices by farmers in Cameroon

This paper presents empirical evidence on the impact of socio-economic factors on the adoption of agroforestry practices in Cameroon. The analysis uses primary farm-level data collected from June to December 1996. Three major provinces of the country were covered, namely Centre, Southwest and Northwest Several agroforestry technologies have been promoted among farmers in the zone, including alley farming, improved fallow, live fencing, cut-and-carry fodder and apiculture. The status of adoption of each agroforestry practice is described and factors that affect adoption identified. These are gender of farmer, household family size, level of education, farmer’s experience, membership within farmers’ associations, contact with research and extension, security of land tenure, agroecological zone, distance of the village from nearest town, village accessibility and income from livestock. Research findings indicate that since factors affecting farmers’ adoption of agroforestry practices differ across techniques, generalisation is to be avoided.     

大花蕙兰幼苗叶片诱导类原球茎

以大花蕙兰无菌幼苗叶片为外植体,成功诱导类原球茎(PLB).叶片部位是影响诱导的关键,只有叶片基部片段能成功诱导出PLB.不同激素配比以及外植体来源对PLB诱导有重要的影响.低浓度的2,4-D和较高浓度的6-BA对于拟球茎诱导PLB具有显著的促进作用.当2,4-D浓度高于0.6 mg/L时,PLB诱导受到显著抑制.较高的2,4-D水平可能有利于PLB诱导初始阶段,但不利于PLB诱导中后期的进一步发育.不同基因型有不同的最佳激素组合.添加0.2 mg/L的NAA对大花蕙兰PLB诱导没有显著影响,但在有的基因型中对PLB诱导有促进作用.以叶片基部片段诱导大花蕙兰PLB是可行的,为转基因研究提供了再生技术基础.     

用Nested-PCR检测广西黄皮与九里香黄龙病病原

摘要：运用nested-PCR技术对广西黄皮和九里香进行柑桔黄龙病（Citrus Huanglongbing, HLB）检测,结果表明：从部分黄皮和九里香样品抽提的DNA中,可扩增出一条特异性的400 bp条带,说明广西种植的黄皮和九里香均可感染黄龙病;在柑桔黄龙病疫区,黄皮和九里香黄龙病感染率分别为35.0%和40.0%。     

匀加速直线运动中柔索的张力分布及其稳定形状

本文以一段考虑自重的柔索牵引一质点作匀加速直线运动为模型，采用拖力端柔索为水平的边界条件近似，求得了柔索中张力沿弧长的分布函数，以及柔索稳定形状的参量表达式，并将所有结果与悬链线进行了有意义的比较。