First report of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Neospora caninum</Emphasis> infection in cattle in Sudan

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Sudan to determine sero-prevalence and risk factors associated with Neospora caninum infection in non-vaccinated dairy herds and to assess importance of the disease. Blood samples were collected from a total of 262 animals from 25 herds. Sera were tested for antibodies against N. caninum using ELISA test. The prevalence rates of N. caninum antibodies in cattle were high both at herd level (44%) and at individual animal level (10.7%). Herd level infection rates were similar in Khartoum State (43.7%) and at Gazira States (44.4%). The overall prevalence rates were higher (16.1%) in Gazira State than in Khartoum State (9%) but with no significant variation. The sero-prevalence at individual animal level was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in animals with history of abortion (12.8%) than in apparently healthy animal (11.3%), animal with history of infertility (8.1%), or neonatal death of calves (4.3%). In addition, significantly higher (P < 0.05) sero-prevalence was observed in samples collected during the rainy season (6.87%) than winter (3.05%) or summer (0.76%). However, no significant differences in sero-prevalence due to locality, animal breed, sex, and age were observed (p > 0.05). This preliminary study reveals for the first time the existence of natural N. caninum infection in Sudan. Also, the findings of the present study indicated that this disease is highly prevalent in two major areas of dairy production in the country, and this calls for control strategy to be implemented.     

甘肃省农户经营主体演变分析及问题探讨

农户作为农业经营主体的主要组成部分,只有对其进行正确的分析和评价,把握其特点,才能为甘肃省各级政府农业发展、区域经济发展以及农业经营主体发展政策的制定提供参考。本研究从甘肃省农业经营主体这一视角介绍了农户经营主体的历史变迁,探讨了农户经营主体演变的特点,对农户经营主体变迁中存在的问题进行了较为详细地分析,并给出了相应建议。     

牛粪中纤维素分解菌的分离鉴定及其产酶条件优化研究

A strain of highly cellulolytic decomposing bacteria was obtained by the congo red flat plate straining and shake flasking method screened from the ox dung which named N12. It had been identified as Bacillus which belonged to Bacillus pumilus sp. by morphologic characteristics observation,physiology and biochemical experiment and also 16S rRNA genetic analyze.The conditions of producing cellulase on strain N12 were also been studied in this test.When the contents of carbon and nitrogen sources were 0.5% maizena and 1% yeast powder,and also the nitial pH was 3.0,the fermentation temperature was 42 ℃,at the same time the fermentation time was 54 h,it had the highest enzyme activity.     

甘南牧区草畜供求动态变化与调控——以阿孜畜牧试验场为例

甘南牧区不仅是我国重要的畜牧业生产基地,而且是黄河上游的重要水源涵养地.过牧超载导致天然草地退化,严重影响牧区的可持续发展.以甘南州玛曲县的阿孜畜牧试验场为例,分析了2008和2009年天然草地的可食牧草产量、放牧家畜承载量等方面的动态变化.研究结果表明,2009年阿孜畜牧试验场产草量有所增加,月均产草量较2008年提...     

猬迭宫绦虫裂头蚴线粒体nad1基因部分序列的多态性研

从湖南省4个不同地区的黑斑蛙大腿肌肉中采集猬迭宫绦虫裂头蚴作为研究对象,用引物Nad1u及Nad1d扩增猬迭宫绦虫裂头蚴的nad1基因片段,应用ClustalX 1.81程序对序列进行比对,同时利用DNAStar 5.0中的MeGalign程序进行同源性分析。结果显示猬迭宫绦虫裂头蚴nad1序列均为570 bp。研究结果为猬迭宫绦虫裂头蚴进一步的分类、鉴定和遗传变异研究奠定了基础。     

安徽省3个地方鸡品种的遗传多样性分析

运用微卫星标记对淮南麻黄鸡、皖南三黄鸡和五华鸡3个地方品种遗传多样性进行了分析.在5个座位中,共检测到23个等位基因数,平均有效等位基因数为1.5396,杂合度为0.2920,多态信息含量为0.4156.3个地方品种中,淮南麻黄鸡遗传多样性最低,五华鸡遗传多样性最高.根据5个微卫星座位等位基因频率计算群体遗传一致度和标...     

溶血卵磷脂提高肉仔鸡对禽脂的表观消化率

试验研究日粮中禽脂水平(30和24 g/kg)以及是否添加外源乳化剂溶血卵磷脂(LPC)对肉仔鸡生长性能、脂肪酸表观消化率以及日粮表观代谢能(AME)的影响.本试验选用168只1日龄AA肉仔鸡(公雏),按照2×2因子设计,分4个处理,每个处理7个重复,每个重复6只鸡.试验中测定生长性能、营养物质表观消化率以及日粮AME.结果表明,禽脂添加水平对肉仔鸡生长性能、脂肪酸表观消化率以及日粮AME没有显著影响(P>0.05).日粮中添加LPC提高肉仔鸡体增重(P<0.05)、降低料重比(P<0.05)、提高14～17日龄日粮AME(P<0.05).添加LPC有提高14～17日龄肉仔鸡粗脂肪表观消化率的趋势(P=0.086).日粮中添加外源乳化剂LPC提高了C18:0脂肪酸的表观消化率(P<0.05),对其他脂肪酸、粗蛋白质以及粗脂肪表观消化率没有显著影响(P>0.05).这些结果表明,在含禽脂的日粮中添加500 mg/kg LPC能改善肉仔鸡生长性能;LPC改善肉仔鸡生长性能的作用是通过提高脂肪表观消化率实现的.     

一种低糖型酸奶对小鼠免疫功能的影响

以低聚果糖、阿斯巴甜、木糖醇为甜味剂替代蔗糖,研制出一种低糖型酸奶。对试验组（灌胃低糖型功能酸奶）和对照组（灌胃生理盐水）分别进行脏器体重比值的测定试验、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞试验、血清溶血素含量的测定试验、血细胞计数试验。结果显示,灌胃功能酸奶的小鼠以上指标和对照组相比均有显著的提高,以此证明该酸奶具保健价值。     

花粉治疗前列腺增生的研究进展

对花粉治疗前列腺的实验室研究和临床应用进行了综述,初步探讨了其作用机理,并指出花粉制剂在治疗前列腺增生方面的研究进展。     

加强基层动物检疫分所建设开创动物检疫工作新局面

2003年8月，阜阳市政府根据安徽省农委关于加强基层动物防疫管理工作意见的精神，下发了《关于阜阳市基层动物防疫管理体制改革的意见》在全市8个县（市、区）全面启动了基层动物防疫管理体制的改革工作，改革内容涉及动物检疫、防疫、诊疗、生物制品管理和畜牧兽医技术服务5个方面。