应用PCR检测太湖青虾白斑病毒和桃拉病毒

白斑综合征和桃拉综合征是严重危害虾类养殖业的两种传染性疾病,病原的快速检测是控制疾 病暴发,减少病害损失的有效方法之一。青虾是太湖地区的主要养殖虾类,本实验应用白斑病毒和桃拉病毒 复合式试剂盒,对太湖附近的青虾进行检测,结果未发现太湖青虾感染或携带这两种病毒。     

菊芋块茎发育期凝集素基因的鉴定和表达分析

凝集素是生物中普遍存在的一类糖结合蛋白,通过特异识别不同糖基而介导多种生物过程.本研究以'南菊芋1号'为研究材料,克隆并鉴定了12个凝集素基因.利用生物信息学分析这些基因编码蛋白的性质表明:等电点为4.96～5.23,偏酸性;依据其特异性糖基结合域归为三类:8个属于木菠萝家族(JRL),2个属于雪花莲家族(GNA),2...     

Effect of dietary protein reduction with lysine and methionnine supplementation on growth performance,body composition and total ammonia nitrogen excretion of juvenile grass carp,Ctenopharyngodon idella

A 63‐day growth trial was undertaken to estimate the effects of supplemented lysine and methionine with different dietary protein levels on growth performance and feed utilization in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Six plant‐based practical diets were prepared, and 32CP, 30CP and 28CP diets were formulated to contain 320 g kg^?1, 300 g kg^?1 and 280 g kg^?1 crude protein without lysine and methionine supplementation. In the supplementary group, lysine and methionine were added to formulate 32AA, 30AA and 28AA diets with 320 g kg^?1, 300 g kg^?1 and 280 g kg^?1 dietary crude protein, respectively, according to the whole body amino acid composition of Grass Carp. In the groups without lysine and methionine supplementation, weight gain (WG, %) and specific growth rate (SGR, % day^?1) of the fish fed 32CP diet were significantly higher than that of fish fed 30CP and 28CP diets, but no significant differences were found between 30CP‐ and 28CP‐diet treatments. WG and SGR of the fish fed 32AA and 30AA diets were significantly higher than that of fish fed 28AA diets, and the performance of grass carp was also significantly improved when fed diets with lysine and methionine supplementation (P < 0.05), and the interaction between dietary protein level and amino acid supplementation was noted between WG and SGR (P < 0.05). Feed intake (FI) was significantly increased with the increase in dietary protein level and the supplementation of lysine and methionine (P < 0.05), but feed conversion ratio (FCR) showed a significant decreasing trend (P < 0.05). Two days after total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentration test, the values of TAN discharged by the fish 8 h after feeding were 207.1, 187.5, 170.6, 157.3, 141.3 and 128.9 mg kg^?1 body weight for fish fed 32CP, 32AA, 30CP, 30AA, 28CP and 28AA diets, respectively. TAN excretion by grass carp was reduced in plant‐based practical diets with the increase in dietary protein level and the supplementation of lysine and methionine (P < 0.05). The results indicated that lysine and methionine supplementation to the plant protein sources‐based practical diets can improve growth performance and feed utilization of grass carp, and the dietary crude protein can be reduced from 320 g kg^?1 to 300 g kg^?1 through balancing amino acids profile. The positive effect was not observed at 280 g kg^?1 crude protein level.     

泥鳅粉及其加工副产品的营养学评价

利用常规营养测定方法,分别对泥鳅粉及其加工副产品进行营养分析与评价。结果表明：泥鳅水分含量为78.14%,泥鳅粉中蛋白质、脂肪和灰分含量分别为62.64%、8.01%和13.23%;加工副产品中蛋白质、脂肪和灰分含量分别为62.01%、7.76%和7.26%。泥鳅粉与其副产品中氨基酸组成成分一致,均含有17种氨基酸。4种呈味氨基酸含量分别为40.64%和44.98%,必需氨基酸指数（EAAI）分别为62.04和40.59,泥鳅粉构成比例符合FAO/WHO的标准,其副产品构成比例不符合FAO/WHO的标准。     

淡水鲨鱼人工繁殖试验总结

淡水鲨鱼学名为苏氏圆腹鲑[Pangasius、sutchi Fowler]。隶属鲇形目，（鱼芒）鲇科、（鱼芒）鲇属，主要分布于东南亚一带，是泰国、马来西亚等地的优良淡水养殖鱼类。目前我国引进的品种有体色红白相间和蓝白相间两种，所以又称红鲨和蓝鲨。该鱼体表光滑无鳞、体型长而侧扁，具脂鳍，为热带鱼类。适温范围为13～36％，生长适宜水温22～36℃，对低温的耐受能力较弱，下限水温为12℃。由于其具有食性杂、     

Effect of replacing soybean meal with canola meal on growth,feed utilization and haematological indices of juvenile hybrid tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus×Oreochromis aureus

An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with canola meal (CM) on growth, feed utilization, body composition and haematological indices of juvenile hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus×Oreochromis aureus). Six isonitrogenous diets containing graded levels of CM (0, 95, 190, 285, 380 and 634 g kg^?1 of diet corresponding to 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60% and 100%, respectively, of protein from SBM) to replace SBM on an equal protein basis were fed to triplicate groups of juvenile fish (initial weight=6.3 g). The results indicated that up to 30% of SBM could be replaced by CM without causing a significant reduction in growth performance. Fish fed with diets in which CM replaced over 45% of SBM had a significantly lower protein efficiency ratio and a significantly higher feed conversion ratio than fish fed with other diets. The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter, protein and phosphorus were lowest for fish fed the CM100 diet. Significant differences in haemoglobin, haematocrit and white blood cell concentration were found in fish fed diets with different CM levels. It is concluded that up to 19.02% CM can be used to replace 30% of SBM in diets for juvenile hybrid tilapia without compromising growth, feed conversion and protein utilization.     

小鼠Dazl基因融合蛋白表达载体的构建及转染

根据NCBI数据库上公布的小鼠Dazl基因的mRNA序列设计引物,以小鼠睾丸组织RNA为模板,RT-PCR扩增小鼠Dazl基因编码区片段,并将其克隆到增强型绿色荧光蛋白表达载体pEGFP-C1中,构建重组融合蛋白表达载体pEGFP C1-Dazl,单双酶切和测序验证正确.将pEGFP-Cl-Dazl质粒转染293和NIH 3T3细胞,荧光显微镜下观察到融合表达的绿色荧光蛋白,且呈胞质表达;对照组转染pEGFP-C1,绿色荧光遍布整个细胞.Dazl蛋白的免疫荧光试验也证明重组载体转染后,Dazl基因和GFP共同定位于胞质部分.pEGFP C1-Dazl融合蛋白表达载体的成功构建为进一步研究生殖特异性基因Dazl在小鼠和大型动物的表达特性奠定了一定的基础.     

蔬菜种子产业存在的问题与对策

山西省处于我国中西部地区、地形狭长、南北气候差异较大,山川丘陵地和小盆地交错,自然隔离条件好,光照充足,昼夜温差大,雨量适中等特殊的自然条件,是多种蔬菜种子生产的适宜区,由于蔬菜种子经营开放较早,种子经营单位多且规模小,在蔬菜种子产业发展中仍存在着许多不容忽视的问     

“葱”及其相关植物的原植物研究

“葱”是中国现代餐饮行业常见的调味品与食材,在中华民族传统文化的发展过程中有着悠久的历史。葱是何时开始进入人类社会的？历史上记载的葱共有哪些？这些问题,到目前依然未知。本项研究从2000年前的周朝相关历史文献开始,逐一整理出在不同历史时期典型文献中出现的“葱”,利用植物分类学的方法,结合现代的植物形态学与比较形态学的分析方法,整理了中国传统文化中与“葱”有关的植物名称共24个,并确定了其中21个名称所对应的原植物的科学名称。对葱属植物的研究,首次以案例研究的方式说明,早在1500年前的唐代,中国先民已经明确而清晰地认识到“葱”的“药食同源”现象;同时,该项研究也首次从植物学的角度,探讨了“葱”与“五荤三厌”的关系。     

二、四倍体矮牵牛农艺性状与耐热性比较研究

在夏季高温田间试验条件下,比较二、四倍体矮牵牛的农艺性状,并在人工控制的高温胁迫42℃/25℃(昼/夜)10d条件下研究二者的耐热性生理指标。与二倍体相比较四倍体表现出以下显著形态特征:植株长势健壮、茎粗壮、叶片增厚变大、叶色深绿,花冠、萼片、柱头和花药增大,花柱、花柄增长。在人工控制高温胁迫条件下,四倍体叶片可溶性糖、叶绿素、脯氨酸、SOD数值高于二倍体,而电解质外渗透率、MDA含量均低于二倍体。综合田间试验结合人工模拟高温试验,结果表明四倍体矮牵牛的耐热性强于二倍体。