13种常用室内观赏植物对甲醛净化效果

研究目的给人们生活提供有效的降低室内甲醛污染的方法;方法选用13种常用室内观赏植物,将盆土与茎叶部分隔开,放入自行研制的甲醛熏蒸箱中,对植物进行熏蒸实验,测得熏蒸前后甲醛的变化量和植物叶面积,以单位叶面积甲醛减少量来比较植物间吸纳甲醛能力的大小并排序。结果与结论结果显示,合果芋等吸纳甲醛的能力较强,而芦荟等吸纳甲醛的能力较弱。     

畜禽病害肉尸及其产品无害化处理技术

对病害畜禽肉尸及其产品进行无害化处理是防止疫病传播．保护畜牧业健康发展．保障人民群众食肉安全和身体健康最直接有效的措施。1996年国家颁布了GB16548标准．但实践中对病害畜禽肉尸及其产品的处理还是缺乏程序化的实用技术和操作方法．存在的问题较多。为此．我们在吸收国内外研究成果的基础上．结合我市实际．进行了病害肉类及其产品无害化处理技术的应用研究．现报告如下：     

Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Adult Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) to Volatile Components of Host-Plant

Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of adult A. glabripennis (Motsch.) to volatiles from ashleaf maple(Acer negundo L.) were investigated to identify semiochemicals involved in host location. Measurable electroantennogram (EAG)responses were elicited to all compounds tested, the most effective antennal stimulants were trans-2-hexen-1-al,decyl aldehyde andtrans-2-hexen-1-ol.These profiles were similar between males and females. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, above three com-pounds with certain concentration, trans-2-hexen-1-al (1%), trans-2-hexen-1-ol (1%) and decyl aldehyde (10%), were significantlyattractive to the adults in laboratory. The results show that either EAG or olfactory responding to a particular volatile compound aremarkedly influenced by the concentration.     

Rapid changes in induced non-volatile secondary metabolites in damaged Pinus massoniana Lamb

Plants initiate the development of defense mechanisms as soon as pests start to cause damage to them. In order to have a thorough understanding of the physiological mechanisms of the Pinus massoniana self-defense mechanism, and to provide a theoretical foundation for an effective ecological management of this plant, levels of tannin, polyamine and phenolic acids were analyzed in undamaged (UDL), insect-damaged (IDL) and artificially-damaged (ADL) leaves at different times. Results show that, although the content of tannin significantly increased in IDL and ADL compared to UDL, its peaks appeared earlier in ADL than in IDL treatment. Tannin concentration substantially increased again 48 h after IDL treatment. On the other hand, the damage mode considerably affected putrescine and spermidine levels in leaves. Their concentrations in IDL plants remained higher than in UDL after a relatively long time (72 h), but spermine was barely detected in any of the samples. In general, total content of phenol acids significantly increased in damaged leaf treatments (ADL and IDL), with a higher level in IDL for most of the investigated phenolic acids, except for ferulic acid. Our study showed that, when damaged by insects, Pinus massoniana rapidly produces substances required in resistance induction to insects in order to insure its self-protection. __________ Translated from Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2006, 42(1): 55–62 [译自: 林业科学]     

油松针叶精油中的单萜成分

单萜是广泛存在于针叶树内的一类化合物，本文用气相色谱／付氏红光外谱（ＧＣ／ＺＸ）与气相色谱／质谱（ＧＣ／ＭＳ）相结合对我国特有树种油松中针叶的单萜成分进行分析测试，共鉴定出单萜成分１１个，其主要成分为：ａ－蒎烯、柠檬烯。     

与水稻K型细胞质雄性不育性特异的mtDNA片段的鉴定

水稻K型雄性不育材料是新发现的一类核质互作不育类型.本研究以水稻K型雄性不育的不育系(K17A)、保持系(K17B)以及杂交F1代(K优17)为研究对象.采用SDS法提取各水稻材料的线粒体DNA(mtDNA),mtDNA经纯化后利用EcoR Ⅰ和Mse Ⅰ进行双酶切,并进行AFLP分析.利用AFLP分子标记技术从上述材料的mtDNA中找到了K17A、K优17所共有的特异片段,回收并纯化该片段.特异片段经克隆测序后,得知该特异片段序列为442 bp所组成.利用GenBank对其进行序列对比分析,表明该序列与水稻其他已知核质互作不育类型特异片段序列不相关,并且该序列与水稻的两种未知功能蛋白的表达相关.     

仪式与生存逻辑——从人类学角度解读《红楼梦》中贾府祭祖仪式

《红楼梦》是一部中国清代康雍乾时期社会的“大百科全书”，较为真实、生动地反映了我国18世纪中、前期的社会现实，为我们多角度、全方位认识当时的历史状况提供了不可多得的宝贵资料。本文通过对贾府的祭祖仪式的详尽描述，在集中展现了我国几千年深厚积淀的祭祖文化的同时，也透露出贾府的一些生存逻辑。而在中国祭祖仪式是最悠久最具生命力仪式之一，在当今中国的广大农村仍普遍存在，笔者力图通过本文的研究，能够对当前农村的祭祖仪式文化的解释和引导其正确发展起到一定的借鉴作用。     

受损复叶械中酯氧合酶的生化特征及其活性变化

对被机械损伤或天牛咬食后，复叶槭叶片中酯氧合酶的生化特征及其活性变化进行了研究。结果表明：在不同温度和pH值备件下，受损植株中酯氧合酶的活性均高于对照，并且酯氧合酶的最适温度为25℃，最适pH值为7．0。在植株受损后的72h内，酯氧合酶米氏常数最低，活性最高。这表明，复叶槭通过激活酯氧合酶途径，对不同形式的损伤作出了反应。     

南京不同类型梅花品种香气成分的比较研究

1 材料与方法 采用活体植株动态顶空套袋采集法和TCT／GC／MS（热脱附／气相色谱／质谱联用）技术分析南京梅花山真梅种系直枝梅类宫粉型‘玉露宫粉’、玉蝶型‘宇治里’、黄香型‘黄金鹤’、朱砂型‘姬千鸟’、绿萼型‘变绿萼’、洒金型‘复瓣晚跳’及垂枝梅类白碧垂枝型‘双碧垂枝’的香气组成。2002年3月513采样，将采样后的吸附管套上聚四氟乙烯套，放在干燥器中低温保存。样品分析时间为2002年4月27日。同时采集和分析空气作对照。采用Xcalibur 1．2版本软件及NIST98谱图库进行梅花香气成分的检索，兼顾挥发物出峰的保留时间鉴定。     

基因枪轰击法在植物遗传转化研究中的应用(综述)

介绍了目前所用的几种基因枪作用的原理、使用特点及在植物遗传转化研究中应用的现状。分析了影响基因枪转化效率的一些因素。