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51.
BackgroundSeizures in the early postoperative period after intracranial surgery may affect outcome in dogs.ObjectivesTo determine the incidence of early postoperative seizures (EPS) in dogs with brain tumors, identify specific risk factors for EPS, and determine if EPS affects outcome.AnimalsEighty‐eight dogs that underwent 125 intracranial surgeries for diagnosis and treatment of rostrotentorial brain tumors.MethodsRetrospective cohort study. All patients with a diagnosis of rostrotentorial brain tumor from 2006 to 2020 were included. Early postoperative seizures were diagnosed by observation of seizure activity within 14 days of neurosurgery. Previously diagnosed structural epilepsy, perioperative anticonvulsant drug (ACD) use, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and tumor characteristics were evaluated. Outcome measures included neurologic and nonneurologic complications, duration of hospitalization, and survival to discharge.ResultsDogs with rostrotentorial brain tumors had EPS after 16/125 (12.8%) neurosurgical procedures (95% confidence interval [CI], 7%‐19%). Presence of previous structural epilepsy was not associated with EPS risk (P = 1). Perioperative ACD use also was not associated with EPS (P = .06). Dogs with EPS had longer hospitalization (P < .001), were more likely to have neurologic complications postsurgery (P = .01), and were less likely to survive to discharge (P = .01).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceIt is difficult to predict which dogs are at risk of EPS because the presence of previous structural epilepsy and the use of perioperative ACDs was not associated with EPS. However, seizures in the early postoperative period are clinically important because affected dogs had prolonged hospitalization, more neurologic complications, and decreased short‐term survival.  相似文献   
52.
The availability of nitrogen (N) contained in crop residues for a following crop may vary with cultivar, depending on root traits and the interaction between roots and soil. We used a pot experiment to investigate the effects of six spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars (three old varieties introduced before mid last century and three modern varieties) and N fertilization on the ability of wheat to acquire N from maize (Zea mays L.) straw added to soil. Wheat was grown in a soil where 15N‐labeled maize straw had been incorporated with or without N fertilization. Higher grain yield in three modern and one old cultivar was ascribed to preferred allocation of photosynthate to aboveground plant parts and from vegetative organs to grains. Root biomass, root length density and root surface area were all smaller in modern than in old cultivars at both anthesis and maturity. Root mean diameter was generally similar between modern and old cultivars at anthesis but was greater in modern than in old cultivars at maturity. There were cultivar differences in N uptake from incorporated maize straw and the other N sources (soil and fertilizer). However, these differences were not related to variation in the measured root parameters among the six cultivars. At anthesis, total N uptake efficiencies by roots (total N uptake per root weight or root length) were greater in modern than in old cultivars within each fertilization level. At maturity, averaged over fertilization levels, the total N uptake efficiencies by roots were 292?336 mg N g?1 roots or 3.2?4.0 mg N m?1 roots for three modern cultivars, in contrast to 132?213 mg N g?1 roots or 0.93?1.6 mg N m?1 roots for three old cultivars. Fertilization enhanced the utilization of N from maize straw by all cultivars, but root N uptake efficiencies were less affected. We concluded that modern spring wheat cultivars had higher root N uptake efficiency than old cultivars.  相似文献   
53.
阐述了信息素质教育的涵义,探讨了图书馆馆员信息素质教育的重要性及现状,指出了图书馆馆员信息素质教育的构成、主要内容和实现图书馆馆员信息素质教育的途径。  相似文献   
54.
工作压力对滴灌管迷宫流道灌水器水力性能的影响   总被引:1,自引:8,他引:1  
降低滴灌系统灌水器工作压力有望成为减少滴灌系统能耗以及运行费用的一种有效途径,但目前低压灌水器还十分少见。基于此,选取了国内应用较为广泛的5种典型迷宫流道灌水器,分析了不同工作压力区间对灌水器水力性能及消能特征的影响。结果表明:5种灌水器在低压条件下运行对于灌水器流量系数Kd和流态指数x具有一定影响,但对于流态指数x的影响未达显著水平。同一流道类型的灌水器流量系数Kd与无量纲数A/L2呈显著的线性相关关系,不同流道类型之间差异显著。5种灌水器流道内流态为紊流,未发生流态转捩行为,采用常规管道流态转捩雷诺数2200去判断流道内流态是不合适的。  相似文献   
55.
Earthy odor is one of the most frequent and serious causes for the aroma deterioration in Chinese liquor, which causes a dirty and dusty impression. The odor in Chinese liquor is similar to that of rice husk, one kind of auxiliary material widely used as a filler in the distillation process. So it is experientially hypothesized that such odor may derive from rice husk. In this paper, the gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) technique and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to discover and identify the characteristic odoriferous zone of Chinese liquor marked by earthy odor. Geosmin was found to be responsible for this odor. The levels of the compound in ten bottled liquors and thirty liquors aging for different years belonging to four different aroma types were determined by the optimized headspace-solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) method. Quantitative analysis of bottled liquor revealed the presence of geosmin in all aroma type liquors with concentrations ranging from 1.10 μg/L to 9.90 μg/L, except for strong-aroma type liquor. Meanwhile in the aged liquors belonging to the same aroma type, geosmin was detected with significant concentrations and high odor activity values (OAVs) during different years of aging. However, geosmin was not detected in steamed rice husk nor in nonsteamed rice husk, which suggests that rice husk is not the origin of earthy odor in Chinese liquor, and there may be another origin of it during the brewing process.  相似文献   
56.
Danofloxacin (DANO) residue in bovine muscle was screened at 200 ng/g by terbium-sensitized luminescence (TSL) directly measured on 10 × 6 mm C18 sorbent strips. The analyte was first adsorbed on sorbent surface by immersion in defatted homogenates. After reagent application and desiccation, TSL was directly measured on sorbent surfaces at λ(ex) = 273 nm and λ(em) = 546 nm. The luminescence intensity was linearly dependent on DANO concentration in the 0-1000 ng/g range (R(2) = 0.9967). A threshold was established at x(200) - 3σ(200), where x(200) and σ(200) are the mean and standard deviation, respectively, of the DANO signals at 200 ng/g. Among 48 blind samples randomly fortified at 0-1000 ng/g, 45 were screened correctly and 3 negative samples were presumed positive. This simple screening protocol has the potential to significantly reduce sample numbers and hence improve sample throughput and save assay costs.  相似文献   
57.
磷在潮土肥际微域中的迁移和转化   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
采用室内土柱实验研究了磷在潮土肥际微域中的迁移和形态转化。结果表明,磷在潮土中的移动距离很短,经过7 d和28 d的迁移,磷的迁移距离仅为8~14 mm。施入的磷主要固定在紧靠施肥点2 mm土体范围内,随距施肥点距离的增加,土壤水溶性磷、酸溶性磷和有效磷的含量呈指数曲线迅速降低。磷在施肥后7 d内的迁移量较大,迁移进入土壤的磷绝大部分被吸附固定。施肥量对不同形态磷在肥际微域中的迁移量产生显著影响;但培养时间只明显影响了水溶性磷的迁移量。  相似文献   
58.
基于多源遥感数据的综合干旱监测模型构建   总被引:1,自引:7,他引:1  
在全球气候变化越来越复杂的大背景下,准确监测华北粮食主产区的旱情对区域农业生产有重要的指导意义。以往的遥感干旱监测方法多侧重于监测土壤或植被等单一干旱响应因子,反映综合信息的能力较差,为此该研究使用中分辨率成像光谱仪(moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer,MODIS)、热带降水测量计划(tropical rainfall measuring mission,TRMM)卫星等多源遥感数据,在综合考虑干旱发生发展过程中的土壤水分胁迫、植被生长状态和气象降水盈亏等因素的基础上,利用空间数据挖掘技术,构建综合干旱监测模型,并以山东省为例进行了试验验证。结果表明,模型监测出山东省近年来所经历的重大干旱过程与实际旱情一致,模型输出的旱情指标-综合干旱指数(synthesized drought index,SDI)与小麦的标准化作物单产变量的相关系数均大于0.7(P0.05);在小麦和玉米的生长期,综合干旱指数与作物受灾面积的相关系数在-0.67~-0.85之间,与标准化降水指数(standardized precipitation index,SPI)的相关系数在0.44~0.67之间,且通过了P0.01的极显著检验(3月份除外)。研究结果为综合评估区域干旱提供了一种新的方法。  相似文献   
59.
激光平地改善土壤水盐分布并提高春小麦产量   总被引:7,自引:6,他引:7  
为了促进激光平地技术的应用与推广,在河套灌区以普通畦田为对照,分期、分段测定了激光平地畦田0~80 cm土层土壤水分、土壤盐分及春小麦生长状况。结果表明,从渠口到畦尾,激光平地畦田不同地段的土壤水分在春小麦生长的不同时期无显著差异,但从拔节期开始,上层土壤盐分逐渐升高;普通畦田从三叶期开始,上层土壤水分、盐分逐渐提高,且显著或极显著高于激光平地。普通畦田从三叶期开始,激光平地从拔节期开始,从渠口到畦尾,春小麦的生长状况逐渐变差,千粒质量、产量均逐渐降低,但激光平地的春小麦千粒质量、产量高于普通畦田。激光平地改善了畦田的土壤水分、盐分分布,促进了畦田中后段的春小麦生长,提高了畦田中后段的水分利用率及产出率。  相似文献   
60.
准确掌握生产建设项目用地土壤风蚀量是合理编制水土流失治理方案的必要前提和有效防控人为水土流失的重要基础;但目前对监测方法和预报模型的研究比较薄弱,一些研究中监测方法的适用性和模型参数的准确性还有待商榷。文章系统总结土壤风蚀的观测方法和预报模型,根据这些方法和模型的各自特点,分析它们在生产建设项目中的适用性。认为测扦法、调查法、扫描法、风蚀盘法、集沙仪法、核素示踪法以及Pasak模型和风蚀流失量公式都可以根据不同项目的实际情况和地区特征应用到生产实践中。在此基础上,讨论相关研究的发展方向。本文结果可为生产建设项目土壤风蚀量测算模型的构建提供参考。  相似文献   
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