Selection on Growth and Cold Tolerance in 11 Eucalyptus Seedlots

对桉属7个种11个种批进行生长和耐冻性的联合选择研究.选出在冷凉地区较有潜力的邓恩桉17913、20665和17922以及本沁桉18788共4个种批,蓄积量14.80 ～20.93 m3/a·hm2,这为国内冷凉地区发展短轮伐期桉树用材林提供了可供选择的速生、耐冻的种植材料.另外,多雷苷桉虽然生长中等(蓄积量10.03 m3/a·hm2),但耐冻性好,可以作为进一步选择和杂交育种的备用材料.     

武汉地区三角梅遮光催花试验研究

本试验以1～3 a生的三角梅盆花为试材,以遮光处理为研究手段进行武汉地区三角梅花期调控试验探索,结果表明:在20～30℃的温度条件下,用栽培地布对三角梅进行连续遮光处理20 d,能完成稳定的花芽分化,继续遮光25 d可开花,并在此期间将腐熟的有机肥上清液稀释10倍灌根代替浇水能有效促进三角梅开花。     

Effect of Different Temperature and Anaerobic/Aerobic Conditions on the Decay Characteristics of PAOs

In order to analyze the effect of different temperatures on PAOs decay, a lab scale EBPR culture with PAOs over 90%±2% of the entire bacterial was used under different conditions (10℃ anaerobic, 10℃ aerobic, 20℃ anaerobic, 20℃ aerobic). The results show that the decay rate increases with the increase of temperature; the average rate during 1~9 days is (respectively: 10℃ anaerobic, 10℃ aerobic, 20℃ anaerobic, 20℃ aerobic) 0.053/d, 0.50/d, 0.072/d, and 0.145/d; the cell death rate is 0.019/d, 0.017/d, 0.019/d, and 0.03/d, which accounts for 35.8%, 34%, 26.4%, and 20.7% of the decay rate, respectively. The concentration of PHA and glycogen decreases during the decay period. And Glycogen degrades quickly in anaerobic conditions than in aerobic conditions under the same temperature. The glycogen degrade rate is higher with the increase of temperature under the same anaerobic and aerobic conditions.     

Expression of Inhibin/Activin Subunits in the Equine Uteri during the Early Pregnancy

The establishment of equine pregnancy is a unique and long process during which a series of physical and possibly biochemical interactions are required between the conceptus and uterus. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern of inhibin/activin subunits in the uterus during early pregnancy. The uteri from four adult mares on cyclic day 13 or pregnancy day 25 were obtained. Immunohistochemical experiments suggested that inhibin/activin subunits were immunolocalized in the luminal and glandular epithelium on pregnancy day 25. In addition, the inhibin α and inhibin/activin β_B subunits were not detected, and inhibin/activin β_A subunit was detected, in the luminal and glandular epithelium on cyclic day 13. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting results for the inhibin/activin subunits suggested a significant increase in the expression of inhibin/activin subunit β_B and a significant decrease in the expression of inhibin/activin subunit β_A on pregnancy day 25 compared with those on cyclic day 13. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays suggested a significant decrease in the concentration of activin A in endometrium extracts from cyclic day 13 to pregnancy day 25. These results suggest that inhibins or activins synthesized in the uterus, as endocrine factors and necessary nutriments, have different expression patterns and may play different, important roles during early embryonic development of the equine.     

保健植物在广州市居住区的应用研究

文章通过对广州市不同年代建设的9个居住区进行调查研究,对常见保健植物的种类和功能进行分析与归纳,结果表明,广州居住区保健植物的树种虽然较多,共记录有55科80种,但能广泛应用的树种较少,常用的只有33科50种。在保健功能应用上,树种多以观赏型、芳香型、环保型植物为主,而听觉型、触觉型和抑菌释氧类的保健植物应用较少,建议加强科普宣传,增加这些保健植物在居住区绿地中的应用,为保健植物在城市居住区的应用提供思路和理论依据。     

Occurrence of leaf spot disease caused by Neopestalotiopsis clavispora on Taxus chinensis in China

Taxus chinensis is a valuable tree with uses for timber, medicinal, ornamental and landscape purposes. Most importantly, it is a source of the anti‐cancer drug paclitaxel. In 2016, needle spot disease was observed on T. chinensis in Fujian Province of China. Five isolates of similar morphology were isolated from diseased samples. The pathogen was identified as Neopestalotiopsis clavispora based on morphological and cultural characteristics and confirmed by sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU). The pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed by fulfilling Koch's postulates. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to indicate that the causal agent of needle spot disease on Chinese yew in China is N. clavispora.     

Secretion of inhibin in male Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) from one week of age to sexual maturity

The objective of this study was to investigate the changes in secretion of inhibin and cellular localization of the inhibin alpha and inhibin/activin (beta(A) and beta(B)) subunits in male Japanese quail from 1 to 7 weeks after hatching. The post-hatch profile of plasma luteinizing hormone (LH), immunoreactive (ir) inhibin and testosterone were measured by radioimmunoassay. Testes were immunostained by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method (ABC) using polyclonal antisera raised against inhibin alpha, inhibin/activin beta(A) and inhibin/activin beta(B) from one week of age to sexual maturity. Testicular weight increased gradually until 4 weeks and abruptly increased from 5 weeks of age onwards. The plasma concentrations of LH and ir-inhibin increased significantly at 5 weeks of age, and the plasma concentration of testosterone increased significantly at 6 weeks of age. Pituitary contents of LH showed a steady increase until 6 weeks of age and then abruptly increased at 7 weeks of age. Coincident to the increase in plasma testosterone, the testicular contents of testosterone significantly increased from 5 weeks through sexual maturity. Immunohistochemically, localization of the inhibin/activin alpha, beta(A) and beta(B) subunits was found in the Sertoli and Leydig cells at all ages of development from one week of age to sexual maturity. These results suggest that Sertoli and Leydig cells are the major source of inhibin secretion during development in male Japanese quail.     

Expression of nerve growth factor and its receptors trkA and p75 and inhibin alpha-subunit in the ovarian interstitial cells of lactating golden hamsters

Characteristic daily increases in the plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) are present every afternoon during lactation in golden hamsters. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the diurnal rhythm of increases in LH on expression of nerve growth factor (NGF), its receptors trkA and p75 and inhibin alpha-subunit in the ovarian interstitial cells of lactating golden hamsters. Both lactating and non-lactating groups of postpartum golden hamsters were used in this study. The expression of NGF, its receptors trkA and p75 and inhibin alpha-subunit were determined by immunohistochemistry. Positive staining of NGF, trkA and p75 was found in the interstitial cells of the lactating group, and no immunoreactivity for NGF, trkA or p75 was observed in the ovarian interstitial cells of the non-lactating group. In addition, immunostaining of inhibin alpha-subunit was also observed in the interstitial cells of the lactating group but not in those of the non-lactating group. Immunostaining of the inhibin/activin beta(A)- and beta(B)-subunits was observed in the granulosa cells of antral follicles, but not in the interstitial cells of the lactating and non-lactating animals. These results suggest that the diurnal rhythm increases in LH can induce expression of NGF, trkA, p75 and inhibin alpha-subunit in the ovarian interstitial cells of lactating golden hamsters and that NGF, its receptors trkA and p75 and inhibin alpha-subunit may have the capacity for autocrine or paracrine modulation of interstitial cell differentiation in golden hamsters.     

Oral administration recombinant porcine epidermal growth factor enhances the jejunal digestive enzyme genes expression and activity of early-weaned piglets

This study attempted to determine ingested porcine epidermal growth factor (pEGF) on the gastrointestinal tract development of early-weaned piglets. Thirty-two piglets (14-day weaned) were randomly allotted to supplemented with 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mg pEGF/kg diet. Each treatment consisted of four replicates with two pigs per pen for a 14 days experimental period. Piglets were sacrificed and gastrointestinal tract samples were collected to measure mucosa morphology, mRNA expression and activities of digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract of piglets at the end of the experiment. Diets supplemented with pEGF failed to influence growth performance but tended to increase jejunal mucosa weight (p < 0.09) and protein content (p < 0.07). Piglets supplemental pEGF induced incrementally the gastric pepsin activity (p < 0.05) and stimulated jejunal alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactase activities accompanied with the increase of jejunal ALP and maltase mRNA expression. No effect of pEGF on the activities of all enzymes in ileum except the stimulation of ileal aminopeptide N mRNA expression. These results reveal that dietary pEGF supplementation might enhance gene expression and activities of digestive enzymes in the stomach and jejunum of piglets.     

内蒙古宁城立体栽培光能利用率分析

１９９５～１９９８年,实施了《内蒙古东南部水浇地立体栽培技术的研究》。４ａ研究结果表明,立体栽培比等行距单作玉米增粮３８．５％,增值１００．４％,增效１１７．１％。光能利用率达到１．７８０,比等行距单作玉米提高０．６９８个百分点。