影响烟草花粉胚胎发生的某些因子——铁盐、蔗糖和腺素

本文研究了铁盐、蔗糖等培养基成份对烟草花粉胚胎形成的影响。结果表明,铁盐和蔗糖与烟草花粉胚形成有密切关系。培养基中没有铁盐,胚发育停止球形期;没有蔗糖、胚发育受阻在多细胞原胚期,不能进一步发育。培养基中仅有蔗糖,胚发育停止在鱼雷胚早期,将其转到只含铁盐的培养基中,鱼雷胚可继续发育直至成株。培养基中不附加铁盐或蔗糖,胚的发育均受阻。只有铁盐和蔗糖而无大量元素、微量元素及有机成份,即能形成胚状体并再生植株,但胚胎发生频率低,表明其它附加成份并不是没有意义的。另外,培养基中附加一定浓度的腺素对花粉胚形成是有利的,但高浓度是有害的。     

茶树种植密度与排列方式对个体与群体结构的通径分析

本文用通径分析方法对茶树不同种植密度与茶树骨架形成、分枝结构、蓬面结构三大要素进行对应分析,结果表明:1)随密度上升主干粗度、一、二级分枝粗度下降;2)分枝角度随密度上升而变小;3)随密度上升,小桩数随之增加,其它因子与之呈负相关。由于密度上升后,群体结构的光合面积增大,碳水化合物积累增多,而产量上升。选用合理密度与排列组合时,可用回归方程计算。     

Effect of dietary vitamin C and ammonia concentration on the cellular defense response of Macrobrachium nipponense

This study examined the effects of dietary vitamin C and ammonia concentration on the cellular defense response of Macrobrachium nipponese . The response of the cellular defense was determined by monitoring changes in reactive oxygen intermediates in hemocytes, superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity, glutathione peroxidase activity, glutathione reductase and glutathione transferase activity in muscle. The results showed that prawns fed the basal diet had a significant increase in reactive oxygen intermediates in response to exposure to ammonia-N. When dietary vitamin C was added to the feed, there was a significant decrease in reactive oxygen intermediates in response to exposure to ammonia-N. Total superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity of prawns fed the basal diet decreased as ammonia-N increased. This decrease in activity was significantly less pronounced in prawns that were fed the dietary vitamin C supplement. In prawns that were fed the dietary vitamin C supplement there was no significant variation in catalase reductase or gluxathione reductase activity in response to variations in ammonia-N concentration. The glutathione transference activity increased at a low concentration of ammonia-N in prawns that were fed the dietary vitamin C supplement, but there was no significant variation in the prawns fed the basal diet. Overall the results indicate that dietary vitamin C supplements enhance the capacity of M. nipponese to respond to elevations in ammonia-N. This response involved several biochemical reactions known to be involved in cellular defense.     

污水污物潜水旋流泵性能及设计方法试验研究

对影响潜水旋流泵性能的6个主要过流件几何参数进行了试验研究，初步掌握了旋流泵叶轮及泵体主要几何尺寸对性能影响的规律。在分析16种优秀水力模型的基础上，计算出叶轮D2及b2函数回归方程式，并用设计实例进行检验，样机效率比国内外同类产品提高3％左右。     

三种环境因子对大白菜软腐欧氏杆菌根毛吸附的影响

 温度、pH和离子条件是影响病原细菌对寄主吸附的基本因子,文章测定了它们对大白菜软腐欧氏杆菌(Erwinia carotovora pv.carotoyora)在寄主根毛上吸附的影响。病菌在5个给定温度下对寄主根毛吸附量的变化,呈现为由吸附起始温度(18℃)、温度稳恒渐近范围(18-22℃)和温度饱和点(22℃)组成的吸附动力曲线。病菌在12个pH梯度下的运动状态、生活力及对寄主根毛吸附量的变化表明,病菌吸附以pH5.8-7.2为适宜范围,pH4.6和8.2为低限和高限;偏酸(pH5.0以下)和偏碱(pH7.2以上)可通过影响病菌的生活力和运动性而影响吸附。5×10^-6M的Ca++可使病菌吸附量提高2.5-4.2倍,同浓度的Mg++可使吸附量提高2.7倍。文章讨论了温度和pH条件影响吸附的动力学,以及吸附调节的可能机制。     

Hematological parameters and visceral lesions relationships in rabbit viral hemorrhagic disease.

Twenty rabbits were inoculated with a suspension of Viral Hemorrhagic Disease virus. Hemostatic functions were assessed every sixth hour from 6 to 60 hours post-inoculation. Tissue samples obtained at the same intervals allowed the study of the development of lesions throughout the experiment. Biological signs of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) were detected on and after 30 h post-inoculation and consisted of prolonged One Stage Prothrombin Time and Activated Partial Thrombin Time, the decrease of factors V, VII, and X and high levels of soluble fibrin monomer complexes and D-dimers. A reduction of thrombocyte numbers, heterophils and lymphocytes was associated. The close association of DIC and necrotizing hepatitis lesions suggested the hepatic lesions to be the most important DIC triggering factor. Other mechanisms are discussed.     

番茄早疫病抗病性鉴定方法

 早疫病是番茄的主要病害,在我国南北方发生较严重,常给生产造成很大损失。进行抗病育种是解决早疫病的有效途径,此工作在国内已受重视,而抗病性鉴定方法,却是抗病育种的重要环节。     

平面铰链四杆机构基本类型的尺寸条件

本文讨论了平面铰链四杆机构三种基本类型(曲柄摇杆机构、双曲柄机构和双摇杆机构)存在的尺寸条件。     

木瓜剖分原理研究及新机型设计

针对我国目前对木瓜剖半设备研究较少,剖切方式不合理,切割效果差等问题,设计开发了新型木瓜剖半机。该机切割方式选用滑切切割的方式,由运料系统、切割系统、出料系统组成,设计合理,结构简单。为此,计算了滑切角、切割角等主要切割参数,并给出了新型剖半机的主要技术参数。试验表明:该机切割效果好,能够有效提高生产效率。     

桑白蚧生活规律及防治方法

桑白蚧（Pseudaulacspis pentagona Targioni）别名桑盾蚧，俗称桑介壳虫，属同翅目、盾蚧科，分布广泛，食性复杂。据调查，桑白蚧导致桑叶减产31．99，6～51．19，6，用严重虫株叶养蚕，1龄就眠率降低24．5％～32．4％，幼虫生命率下降13．1％～37．9％，