亚热带常绿阔叶林迹地不同森林经营类型对土壤肥力的影响

常绿阔叶林迹地经营不同人工林类型使土壤容重增加了0.06～0.31g／cm3,土壤毛管孔限度、非毛管孔隙度、总孔限度分别降低了4.59～7.21百分点、3.95～10.98百分点、11.54～16.32百分点。6种森林类型土壤腐殖质、全N、全P含量均为A层高于B层,其中土壤腐殖质、全N平均含量顺序为:木荷与杉木混交＞鹅掌楸与杉木混交＞常绿阔叶林＞杉木＞鹅掌楸＞马尾松。土壤腐殖质与土壤全队总酚含量之间,全N与总酚含量之间相关系数分别为0.990、0.892、0.883,达权显著相关。6种森林类型中除马尾松林地土壤腐殖质HA／FA＜1外,其余5种森林土壤均为HA／FA＞1。木荷与杉木混交、鹅掌楸与杉木混交林土壤肥力明显好于单一树种栽培,而且有效地抑制了土壤多酚氧化酶活性。     

波涌灌间歇入渗饱和-非饱和土壤水分运动数值模拟及试验

考虑到地下水浅埋对上层包气带水分分布造成一定影响,该研究结合波涌灌技术,对地下水浅埋下间歇入渗的土壤水分分布特征和运动规律进行了分析,建立了基于饱和-非饱和土壤条件下一维间歇入渗水分运动模型,根据试验实测资料采用Hydrus-1D软件反推土壤水分运动参数,并对入渗过程进行了模拟。在此基础上,确定了饱和导水率的估算模型。结果表明:所建参数估算模型较好地反映了饱和导水率与间歇周期数、循环率以及周期时间之间的相关关系,所建水分运动模型模拟值与实测值比较,累计入渗量、土壤含水率以及湿润体运移距离总体相关系数高于0.96,均方差在0.5以内,吻合度较高,能够较好地描述了地下水影响条件下波涌灌间歇入渗饱和-非饱和土壤水分运动特征。该研究为波涌灌技术进一步发展奠定了科学基础。     

农用水泵轴断裂故障分析与工艺改进

农用水泵轴在使用过程中部分出现早期断裂,为了找出水泵轴早期断裂的原因,采用直读光谱仪、扫描电镜、金相显微镜、布氏硬度计和冲击试验机等仪器对断轴的化学成分、宏观断口、显微组织、硬度及冲击功进行了综合分析。分析结果认为,结构设计不合理,表面氧化脱碳以及水泵断轴显微组织存在呈魏氏组织形态的铁素体是导致水泵轴在服役时早期疲劳断裂的主要原因。按照分析的结论,通过增大轴肩处预留圆角尺寸,采用水泵轴热处理炉内气氛保护及提高水泵轴淬火加热温度与冷却速度等改进和优化生产工艺的方法,解决了水泵轴在使用过程中出现早期断裂的问题。该文对提高农业机械产品质量控制和水泵关键零件设计与加工具有重要的参考价值。     

广西林下经济产业发展现状及经营模式

指出了发展林下经济是新形势下落实科学发展观、统筹城乡经济社会一体化发展的必然要求。分析了广西发展林下经济产业发展现状及林下经济的经营模式,并提出可行性建议。     

苏云金杆菌杀虫晶体蛋白基因转化美洲黑杨的研究

本研究首先建立了美洲黑杨叶片外植体的再生系统，并利用Ｈｏｒｓｃｈ等人１９８５年发明的叶盘法，将分别带有嵌合基因ＮＰＴＩＩ和１．８ｋｂ或２．１ｋｂ Ｂｔ．基因的土壤杆菌ＬＢＡ４４０４与美洲黑杨叶片共培养。采用３０ｍｇ／ｌ和５０ｍｇ／ｌ两种浓度的卡那霉素筛选转子，约２８天左右的时间，有不定芽从外植体切口处形成。两种卡那霉素浓度下共形成２７５个伸长芽，存活了１８７株。这１８７株分别进入卡那霉素３０ｍｇ／     

农业科技成果网络动态数据库的研制

本文介绍以可视化技术建立基于网络的农业科技成果数据库,动态地进行成果数据管理和维护,并自动生成查询网页。     

基于插值法的静止无功补偿计算机控制

依据电力系统的近似数学模型，提出了适用于稳定供电电压的无功电压控制曲线。在此基础上，论述了应用插值公式的静止无功补偿计算机控制方法。该方法应用简便，具有较好的动静态特性。     

2005年上半年禽肉生产与市场综述

2005年上半年国内家禽生产势头好，价格高，效益显著。肉雏鸡价格较往年大幅提高，肉鸡配合饲料价格运行平稳，西装鸡和活鸡价格均高于去年同期水平，人均禽肉消费量同比下降。     

浅谈饲料实验室的管理

质量管理国际化已是当今发展趋势,实验室检验质量管理也应跟上形势,再不能采用行政管理的办法,更不能简单采用一般技术管理方法.实验室管理是对检验工作全过程实行管理,它必须依靠全体工作人员,用管理技术、专业技术、统计方法相结合形成的科学管理方法,来预防质量事故的发生,保证检验结果的可靠性.     

Genetic variation in captive population of chinese alligator, Alligator sinensis, revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis) is an endemic species in China. The likely extinction of it in the wild has been recognised. To prevent this species becoming extinct, the Anhui Research Centre of Chinese Alligator Reproduction (ARCCAR) was established in Xuanzhou, Anhui Province in 1979, where has been established the largest captive population of Chinese alligator (XZSP) in the world. Another farm (CXSP) was established by villagers in Changxin, Zhejiang Province. The results of an investigation of the two captive subpopulation structures by genetic analysis are presented in this paper. We examined the genetic variation in the two captive subpopulations using RAPDs. Thirty-one random primers were selected among 199 random primers screened. A total of 193 reproducible RAPD fragments were scored among 43 individuals, of which 21 (10.88%) were polymorphic. The genetic distances between 43 individuals ranged from 0 to 0.0376 with average of 0.0104±0.0055 S.E. The genetic similarity in CXSP (0.9948±0.0029 S.E.) was higher than that in XZSP (0.9894±0.0055 S.E.). The founder effect is a possible explanation for very low genetic variation in CXSP. Analysis of the RAPD data showed that the mean phenotypic band frequencies of each polymorphic loci was 0.6656±0.3730 S.E. The lowest phenotypic band frequency (0.0233) was found in four of those polymorphic loci. There was no genetic difference between the two subpopulations (D_ij=0.0009). According to the dendrogram and the distribution of polymorphic fragments in two subpopulations, CXSP originated genetically from XZSP. This paper summarises a preliminary research on genetic structure in populations of Chinese alligator. Although there is higher genetic similary (0.9896±0.0055 S.E.) in captive population of A. sinensis, we did not determine whether or not loss of genetic variation had occurred in relation to a wild control population. The data of malformed offspring will be collected carefully, and wild samples be added to set up a control population in future study.