茶树CsWRKYIIcs转录因子的克隆及功能分析

【目的】以’陕茶1号’为材料,克隆CsWRKYIIcs转录因子并分析序列特征,了解其在不同组织和非生物胁迫下的表达模式以及转录活性,为深入研究茶树在逆境胁迫中的功能提供理论依据。【方法】根据茶树基因组数据库注释的WRKY序列设计特异性引物,采用RT-PCR技术从’陕茶1号’中扩增CsWRKYIIcs的c DNA序列,用生物信息工具分析序列的特点,实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)研究基因的表达模式,用酵母试验验证其转录活性。【结果】获得9条CsWRKYIIcs的cDNA序列,开放阅读框长度分别为561、960、936、978、897、912、720、1 008和969 bp,分别编码186、319、311、325、298、303、239、335、322个氨基酸。除了CsWRKYIIc7缺少锌指序列外,其他CsWRKYIIcs均含有1个WRKY保守结构域和典型的C2H2型锌指结构。不同物种中的WRKYIIcs具有相似的保守基序,而茶树CsWRKYIIcs和拟南芥、葡萄等双子叶植物的WRKYIIcs氨基酸序列相似性更高。另外,CsWRKYIIcs启动子区域均预测到多个与非生物胁迫相关的顺...     

Secondary Metabolites from Marine-Derived Bacillus: A Comprehensive Review of Origins,Structures, and Bioactivities

The marine is a highly complex ecosystem including various microorganisms. Bacillus species is a predominant microbialflora widely distributed in marine ecosystems. This review aims to provide a systematic summary of the newly reported metabolites produced by marine-derived Bacillus species over recent years covering the literature from 2014 to 2021. It describes the structural diversity and biological activities of the reported compounds. Herein, a total of 87 newly reported metabolites are included in this article, among which 49 compounds originated from marine sediments, indicating that marine sediments are majority sources of productive strains of Bacillus species Therefore, marine-derived Bacillus species are a potentially promising source for the discovery of new metabolites.     

Paspalines C–D and Paxillines B–D: New Indole Diterpenoids from Penicillium brefeldianum WZW-F-69

Five new indole diterpenoids named paspaline C–D (1–2) and paxilline B–D (3–5), as well as eleven known analogues (6–16), were identified from fungus Penicillium brefeldianum strain WZW-F-69, which was isolated from an abalone aquaculture base in Fujian province, China. Their structures were elucidated mainly through 1D- and 2D-NMR spectra analysis and ECD comparison. Compound 1 has a 6/5/5/6/6/8 hexacyclic ring system bearing 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxocane, which is rare in natural products. Compound 2 has an unusual open F-ring structure. The cytotoxic activities against 10 cancer cell lines and antimicrobial activities against model bacteria and fungi of all compounds were assayed. No compound showed antimicrobial activity, but at a concentration of 1 μM, compounds 1 and 6 exhibited the highest inhibition rates of 71.2% and 83.4% against JeKo-1 cells and U2OS cells, respectively.     

代谢酶抑制剂PX对除草剂防除稗草的增效作用

为解决除草剂防除困难的问题,采用室内盆栽试验测定了PX、PM和Mn²⁺三种代谢酶抑制剂对精喹禾灵、莠去津、烟嘧磺隆、硝磺草酮和烯禾啶防除稗草Echinochloa crus-galli的增效作用,测定不同用量代谢酶抑制剂PX对这5种除草剂的增效作用及其与莠去津混用后稗草体内谷胱甘肽转移酶（glutathione S-transferase,GST）和细胞色素 P450（cytochrome P450,CYP450）活性的变化。结果显示,在3种代谢酶抑制剂中,代谢酶抑制剂PX对精喹禾灵、莠去津、烟嘧磺隆、硝磺草酮和烯禾啶5种除草剂的增效作用最显著。不同用量代谢酶抑制剂PX对不同除草剂的增效作用不同,其中75 g (a.i.)/hm²代谢酶抑制剂PX对莠去津的增效最佳,株防除效果和鲜重防除效果分别增加了35.33个百分点和37.33个百分点。莠去津与代谢酶抑制剂PX混用后,稗草体内GST和CYP450活性均较对照显著降低。表明除草剂与代谢酶抑制剂PX混用能增加除草剂对稗草的防除效果,可以达到减施除草剂的目的。     

草地贪夜蛾核型多角体病毒对草地贪夜蛾的毒力及其侵染特征

为明确草地贪夜蛾核型多角体病毒（Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus,SfMNPV）对草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda 的毒力及其体内外侵染特性,于室内测定SfMNPV对草地贪夜蛾的毒力,采用苏木精-伊红（hematoxylin-eosin,HE）染色分析SfMNPV侵染后草地贪夜蛾的组织病理学特征,通过实时荧光定量PCR（real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,qPCR）技术分析SfMNPV在草地贪夜蛾体内和Sf9细胞系中的复制特征。结果表明,SfMNPV对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的LC₅₀和LT₅₀分别为7.39×10⁵ OBs/mL和3.82 d;SfMNPV可侵染草地贪夜蛾幼虫的真皮、气管、脂肪体和中肠等组织,未侵染肌肉组织;SfMNPV侵染96 h后草地贪夜蛾体内SfMNPV基因组拷贝数最大,为3.91×10⁶ 拷贝数/ng,SfMNPV侵染96 h后Sf9细胞培养上清液中SfMNPV基因组拷贝数最大,为2.08×10⁷ 拷贝数/mL。     

浅谈克服东魁杨梅大小年的关键技术

近几年来,我镇果农大量种植杨梅,经统计全镇共种植320.6亩.由于品种较杂,存在产量低、品质差,平均每亩可增产223.9kg左右,个别年份虽产量高但品质差,增产不增收的现状.     

杏花芽分化期芽和叶片核酸含量的变化

用摘叶法确定兰州大接杏从6月初至7月10日左右为花芽生理分化期,7月中旬开始进入形态分化。整个分化期芽中DNA含量变化呈双峰曲线,第1个高峰在生化分化后期,第2个高峰出现在大部分雌蕊、雄蕊进入分化时;RNA／DNA比值也呈双峰曲线,两个高峰出现的时间恰在DNA两次高峰出现之前;RNA和总核酸含量变化趋势相同,生理分化期持续上升,果实成熟前短时下降,进入形态分化期后快速增加,并保持高水平。叶片中DNA含量在生理分化期增加并在后期出现高峰,RNA／DNA比值一直下降;形态分化期总核酸、DNA、RNA含量和RNA／DNA比值的变化与芽内同期变化趋势相似。     

樱桃番茄主要农艺性状与产量的相关及通径分析

对9个樱桃番茄品种的8个农艺性状进行了相关和通径分析.相关分析结果表明,单株产量与每穗结果数呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.5967.回归分析和通径分析结果表明,每穗结果数和单果重对单林产量形成的直接作用最大,单株穗数对产量的间接作用大;这三个性状是影响单株产量的主要因素,可作为樱桃番茄丰产育种的主要选择性状.     

Arduino物联网系统在连栋大棚中的选型与设计

针对物联网技术在设施蔬菜种植研发及应用成本过高的现状,提出了一种应用于连栋蔬菜大棚的物联网系统选型及构建方案,该方案以Arduino单片机(WeMos D1)为核心,选用性价比高的传感器和开源免费的软件系统,以较低的经济成本和技术难度实现连栋大棚的空气温湿度、二氧化碳浓度、土壤含水量、光照强度的实时监测以及设施控制,为农业信息技术开发人员提供了一种新的技术解决方案。     

Preparation and Characterization of Tilapia Collagen-Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composite Nanofiber Membranes

Marine collagen is an ideal material for tissue engineering due to its excellent biological properties. However, the limited mechanical properties and poor stability of marine collagen limit its application in tissue engineering. Here, collagen was extracted from the skin of tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica). Collagen-thermoplastic polyurethane (Col-TPU) fibrous membranes were prepared using tilapia collagen as a foundational material, and their physicochemical and biocompatibility were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results showed that thermoplastic polyurethane was successfully combined with collagen, and the triple helix structure of collagen was retained. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry results showed relatively good compatibility between collagen and TPU.SEM results showed that the average diameter of the composite nanofiber membrane decreased with increasing thermoplastic polyurethane proportion. The mechanical evaluation and thermogravimetric analysis showed that the thermal stability and tensile properties of Col-TPU fibrous membranes were significantly improved with increasing TPU. Cytotoxicity experiments confirmed that fibrous membranes with different ratios of thermoplastic polyurethane content showed no significant toxicity to fibroblasts; Col-TPU fibrous membranes were conducive to the migration and adhesion of cells. Thus, these Col-TPU composite nanofiber membranes might be used as a potential biomaterial in tissue regeneration.