Overhead supplemental far-red light stimulates tomato growth under intra-canopy lighting with LEDs

Far-red(FR) light regulates phytochrome-mediated morphological and physiological plant responses.This study aims to investigate how greenhouse tomato morphology and production response to different durations of FR light during daytime and at the end of day(EOD).High-wire tomato plants were grown under intra-canopy lighting consisting of red(peak wavelength at 640 nm) and blue(peak wavelength at 450 nm) light-emitting diodes(LEDs) with photosynthetic photon flux density(PPFD) of 144 μmol m–2 s–1 at 10 cm away from the lamps,and combined with overhead supplemental FR light(peak wavelength at 735 nm) with PPFD of 43 μmol m–2 s–1 at 20 cm below the lamps.Plants were exposed to three durations of FR supplemental lighting including: 06:00–18:00(FR12),18:00–19:30(EOD-FR1.5),18:00–18:30(EOD-FR0.5),and control that without supplemental FR light.The results showed that supplemental FR light significantly stimulated stem elongation thereby resulting in longer plants compared with the control.Moreover,FR light altered leaf morphology toward higher leaf length/width ratio and larger leaf area.The altered plant architecture in FR supplemented plants led to a more homogeneous light distribution inside the canopy.Total plant biomass was increased by 9–16% under supplemental FR light in comparison with control,which led to 7–12% increase in ripe fruit yield.Soluble sugar content of the ripe tomato fruit was slightly decreased by longer exposure of the plants to FR light.Dry matter partitioning to different plant organs were not substantially affected by the FR light treatments.No significant differences were observed among the three FR light treatments in plant morphology as well as yield and biomass production.We conclude that under intra-canopy lighting,overhead supplemental FR light stimulates tomato growth and production.And supplementary of EOD-FR0.5 is more favorable,as it consumes less electricity but induces similar effects on plant morphology and yield.     

基于Logistic和学习曲线模型的中国电源结构预测

可再生能源发电是缓解电力短缺、化石能源过度消耗和环境污染多重压力的重要突破口。Logistic模型和学习曲线模型能很好地刻画新能源发电技术创新过程中累积产量不断接近最大生产极限的过程以及发电成本降低的过程。预测结果显示,未来40年风电和太阳能发电发展速度较快,其中风电的装机容量从2040年开始超过水电,但以火电为主的电源结构将持续。     

水稻物质生产特性及其与产量的关系研究

以汕优63、Ⅱ优162、Ⅱ优419、K18A/149和65002为材料,在云南省涛源乡、宾川县和杭州市富阳县进行试验,分析了水稻高产的物质生长特性,并比较了不同环境下物质生长特性的差异及原因。结果表明:云南涛源和宾川产量分别比杭州高80%和66%,导致云南产量较高的主要原因是生物产量较高。生物产量差异主要在幼穗分化以后,尤其是灌浆结实期。在云南生态条件下,中后期能容纳较高的叶面积系数(LAI),群体生长速率(CGR)较高,使花后物质生产量大,且花后物质运转量也较高。     

禽白血病病毒ELISA检测方法的建立与初步应用

本研究以在毕赤酵母系统中表达并纯化的p27重组蛋白为包被抗原,HRP标记的兔抗鸡IgY为酶标二抗,建立了一种快速有效的禽蛋白血病病毒ELISA检测方法,并对其反应条件进行优化。结果显示,该方法具有良好的特异性和重复性;与市售商品试剂盒相比,符合率为96.92%,且更为敏感。应用建立的ELISA方法检测来自吉林省内鸡场314份疑似样品,阳性检出率为75.15%。本研究为禽白血病病毒的检测与诊断提供了一种简便、有效的检测方法。     

硫酸新霉素可溶性粉在靶动物猪的安全性研究

为了客观评价硫酸新霉素可溶性粉对靶动物猪临床应用的安全性,将32头仔猪随机分为4组,每组8头,分别设1倍、3倍、5倍临床推荐剂量组和空白对照组,连续混饮硫酸新霉素可溶性粉15 d,通过检测各组受试猪的临床表现、血液常规指标、血清生化指标、尿液常规指标及病理学变化等评价其临床用药的安全性。结果:硫酸新霉素可溶性粉以5倍临床推荐剂量内应用于靶动物猪后,对其临床症状、体重、血常规、血生化及尿常规等指标没有显著影响,解剖学及病理组织学检查也未见任何病理变化,说明硫酸新霉素可溶性粉以1倍、3倍、5倍临床推荐剂量应用于靶动物猪是安全的。     

Pharmacokinetics of sulfadimidine and its N4-acetyl metabolite in healthy and diseased rabbits infected with Pasteurella multocida

The pharmacokinetics of sulfadimidine (SDM) and its N4-acetyl metabolite (N4SDM) were investigated after intravenous bolus injection of a single dose (200 mg/kg) of SDM in normal and diseased New Zealand white rabbits. The apparent distribution volume at steady state, total body clearance and elimination half-life of SDM in normal animals were 0.7 +/- 0.3 l/kg, 0.57 +/- 0.24 l/kg/h and 1.6 +/- 1.3 h, respectively. Of the administered dose, 62.1% was metabolized by N4-acetylation, and 12.7 +/- 1.1 and 2.8 +/- 1.8% of the dose was excreted as free drug by the kidney and gastrointestinal tract, respectively. The 'apparent' formation and elimination half-lives of N4SDM were 0.6 +/- 0.4 and 2.2 +/- 1.1 h, respectively. The metabolite was eliminated mainly by excretion through the kidney. There was no significant effect of acute pasteurellosis on the pharmacokinetics of either SDM or N4SDM in rabbits.     

季节对美系杜洛克母猪胴体和肉质性能的影响

本试验测定了不同季节对美系杜洛克的胴体和肉质参数的影响。结果提示:季节对美系杜洛克猪的胴体品质无显著影响。在肉质参数中,秋冬季猪肉的红度(6.47±0.73)显著低于春夏季(8.78±0.85),贮存损失(3.26±0.88)也显著低于春夏季(5.63±0.64)。     

鸡传染性脑脊髓炎的诊断

1999年7月,牡丹江市郊区兴隆镇的2户养鸡户饲养的褐壳新罗曼蛋鸡雏5 000只,在2～3日龄发生了以共济运动失调和头颈部震颤为主要特征的传染病.先后用氯霉素、庆大霉素、恩诺杀星、环丙杀星等药物治疗,均未见效,发病高峰为12～14日龄,发病率为57%,到3周末时死亡率为48%.     

氨基葡萄糖调控仔猪初生重和均匀度的应用及机理

养猪生产中产（活）仔数和胎儿初生重是影响母猪繁殖生产效率的主要因素,但产仔数和初生重呈负相关关系,近年来母猪繁殖生产的研究重点之一便是如何提高仔猪初生重并降低初生重变异。氨基葡萄糖是一种饲料原料,其制作原料广泛存在于自然界中,近期研究发现氨基葡萄糖应用于母猪妊娠后期可调控仔猪的胎盘发育和初生重。文章介绍了近年来有关氨基酸和蛋白质、能量、功能性添加剂在调控仔猪初生重和均匀度中的应用及其效果,简述了氨基葡萄糖的性质、来源及合成方法,重点阐述了母猪妊娠后期使用氨基葡萄糖在维持胎儿果糖浓度稳定、促进母猪胎盘发育和改善胎盘功能等方面的效果,分析了氨基葡萄糖通过促进胎盘基质和胎褶双分子层发育、刺激胎盘滋养层细胞增殖、增强胎盘功能等途径调控胎盘发育、仔猪初生重和均匀度可能的机理;提出了氨基葡萄糖在调控仔猪初生重和均匀度方面未来的研究方向,以期为在生产实践中调控仔猪初生重和均匀度提供理论参考和实践依据。