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为掌握滇西南菜区小菜蛾的发生规律和抗药性现状, 2013-2017年进行了田间系统调查幼虫、性信息素诱集成虫和室内毒力测定。结果表明:滇西南菜区小菜蛾田间种群每年早春存在种群激增现象, 3-5月份出现春季高峰期, 6月后种群数量保持较低水平。抗性测定表明, 该地区小菜蛾对丁醚脲、Bt、氯虫苯甲酰胺、虫螨腈、茚虫威均为低水平抗性, 对氟啶脲和多杀霉素为中等水平抗性; 对阿维菌素为中到高抗,对高效氯氰菊酯为高抗水平。建议该区域1-5月放置性信息素诱杀成虫, 3-4月用丁醚脲、Bt制剂、氯虫苯甲酰胺、虫螨腈、茚虫威等进行化学防治, 6-12月小菜蛾的发生虫量在经济阈值下, 可不防治。 相似文献
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提出一种基于颜色和纹理信息的木板材表面节疤缺陷区域检测方法。首先,根据木板材表面图像中正常区域和缺陷区域的颜色差异,通过颜色直方图自动获取缺陷区域的种子点;然后,提出一种纹理扩散算法,它从种子点出发,基于图像局部纹理特征搜索缺陷区域的边缘。此外,改进了局部二进制模式算子,提出一种LBP-TD算子以更好地适应纹理扩散。实验结果表明:针对各种常见的木板材节疤缺陷,当缺陷区域与正常木纹区域的颜色、纹理存在较明显差异时,无论木纹本身是否规则,本文方法都能准确地检测出木板材节疤缺陷的区域;而当缺陷区域与正常木纹区域的颜色、纹理的差异均不明显时,本文方法仍能检测出缺陷区域的大致轮廓。数据对比显示了本文方法的误检率要低于传统的OTSU法。 相似文献
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采用类型划分结合典型调查的方法,研究吕梁山生态功能区24县的耕地利用与抛荒情况.结果表明,在吕梁山南部,基本不存在耕地抛荒问题;在吕梁山中部,主要表现为红枣经济林的抛荒;在吕梁山北部,耕地抛荒比较普遍,耕地利用的限制因子主要为海拔高带来的热量资源不足和坡耕地带来的机械耕作困难;究其原因,耕地抛荒、农业结构调整和退耕还林是边际耕地的3种可替代利用状态,物质服务成本实现、人工成本实现、平均利润实现是耕地抛荒、老年人自给农业、年轻人农场农业的决策临界点.在吕梁山中部和北部,在农业结构调整困难和农业结构调整后经济效益很低的区域,宜增加退耕还林指标,核减耕地与基本农田保护面积,把耕地抛荒发展为生态服务价值高的生态林地. 相似文献
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Liang-fen YIN Shu-qin ZHANG Juan DU Xin-yu WANG Wen-xing XU Chao-xi LUO 《农业科学学报》2021,20(7):2009-2014
Monilinia fructicola has been widely reported as the causal agent of brown rot disease on many Rosaceae family fruits worldwide. It has been reported on stone fruits, e.g., peach, plum, cherry, apricot and mume; as well as pome fruits, e.g., apple, pear and hawthorn. Loquat is a member of the Eriobotrya genus in subfamily Maloideae along with apple, pear and hawthorn. So far, loquat has not been reported as the host of any Monilia species. In June 2019, brown rot symptoms were observed on loquat fruits in an orchard in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. Thirty single spore isolates were obtained and identified as M. fructicola based on morphological characteristics and molecular analysis. This is the first report of loquat brown rot disease caused by Monilia species in the world. Furthermore, upon artificial inoculation, all three Monilia species from peach in China, i.e., M. fructicola, M. mumecola and M. yunnanensis, could cause typical brown rot disease on loquat fruits. At the same time, M. fructicola isolates from loquat showed virulence similar to those isolates from peach when the pathogenicity test was conducted on peach fruits. These results suggested that loquat could be infected by other Monilia species and that isolates from loquat also have potential to damage other Rosaceae family fruits in practice. 相似文献
46.
本研究选取'肇东'、'龙牧801'、'东农1号'、'敖汉'4种紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)作为研究对象,进行低温胁迫试验,通过对生理生化指标和叶片解剖结构的观测分析,综合比较了4种紫花苜蓿的抗寒性.结果表明:低温胁迫下,4种紫花苜蓿相对电导率、丙二醛含量、可溶性糖含量、游离脯氨酸含量、过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性与对照相比有所上升,其中'肇东'各个指标的上升幅度均最大.通过隶属函数综合分析得出,4种紫花苜蓿的抗寒性为'肇东'>'龙牧801'>'东农1号'>'敖汉'.通过观测4种苜蓿的解剖结构发现,抗寒性较强的'肇东'和'龙牧801'的叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度和海绵组织厚度小于抗寒性较弱的'敖汉',且细胞结构更为紧密. 相似文献
47.
Qian ZHANG Mo LI Yuan YIN Shiyong GE Danjie LI Ibrahim M. AHMAD Ghulam NABI Yanfeng SUN Xu LUO Dongming LI 《Integrative zoology》2023,18(5):891-905
Human commensal species take advantage of anthropogenic conditions that are less likely to be challenged by the selective pressures of natural environments. Their morphological and physiological phenotypes can therefore dissociate from habitat characteristics. Understanding how these species adjust their morphological and physiological traits across latitudinal gradients is fundamental to uncovering the eco-physiological strategies underlying coping mechanisms. Here, we studied morphological traits in breeding Eurasian tree sparrows (ETSs; Passer montanus) among low-latitude (Yunnan and Hunan) and middle-latitude (Hebei) localities in China. We then compared body mass; lengths of bill, tarsometatarsus, wing, total body, and tail feather; and baseline and capture stress-induced levels of plasma corticosterone (CORT) and the metabolites including glucose (Glu), total triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), total protein, and uric acid (UA). None of the measured morphological parameters varied with latitude except in the Hunan population, which demonstrated longer bills than those in other populations. Stress-induced CORT levels significantly exceeded baseline levels and decreased with increasing latitude, but total integrated CORT levels did not vary with latitude. Capture stress-induced significantly increased Glu levels and decreased TG levels, independent of site. However, the Hunan population had significantly higher baseline CORT, baseline and stress-induced FFA levels, but lower UA levels, which differed from other populations. Our results suggest that rather than morphological adjustments, physiological adjustments are mainly involved in coping mechanisms for middle-latitude adaptation in ETSs. It is worth investigating whether other avian species also exhibit such dissociation from external morphological designs while depending on physiological adjustments. 相似文献
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