菜籽油裂解燃料离子液体催化酯化反应降酸工艺的研究

为了降低裂解燃料酸值,增加燃料的稳定性能,将吡啶丁烷磺酸硫酸氢盐应用于菜籽油裂解燃料的酯化反应。考察了催化剂用量、反应时间和反应温度等对酸值的影响,并在最佳优化条件下考察了裂解燃料成品的理化性质。结果表明:吡啶丁烷磺酸硫酸氢盐对催化酯化反应具有很高的催化活性。优化工艺条件为:催化剂用量1.2%、反应温度75℃、反应时间70 min,在此工艺条件下,酸值降低到1.0 mgKOH/g以下。     

成都平原冬季繁育马铃薯脱毒苗水培技术优化研究(英文)

以马铃薯品种费乌瑞它脱毒试管苗为材料,设置传统水培(CK)、安装加热棒(T1)及安装加热棒和保温棚(T2)3个处理,研究不同加温措施对马铃薯试管苗水培繁育的影响。结果表明:在成都平原气温较低的冬季,通过在传统水培设施上安装加热棒和覆盖保温棚,可使水培苗床水温保持在15~22℃,使水培苗较传统方法提早生根6.4 d,提早出苗13d,同时有利于形成壮苗,其根长、茎粗、株高、叶片数和鲜重等指标均显著优于传统方法。在水培苗扦插后42 d,当CK处理刚上到雾培阶段时,T1处理单株结薯数已达1.70颗,T2处理已达3.57颗。因此,水培加温处理有利于组培苗提前扦插,培养健壮水培苗,并提早雾培苗结薯,具有重要的生产意义。     

绿色木霉Fn10-1纤维素酶的分离纯化及酶学特性测定

试验研究了绿色木霉Fn10-1纤维素酶的初步纯化及酶学性质开展研究。结果表明,该纤维素酶的最适催化温度为70℃,最适pH 7.6,在温度为4~50℃下均能保持较稳定的酶活,高于50℃以后,热稳定性变差,酶活力开始急剧下降。pH在5.6~7.6时该酶有较好的稳定性。Na+、Mn2+、Fe2+、Mg2+、Co2+、Ca2+、Ba2+、Al3+对纤维素酶具有一定的激活作用,Ag+、Fe3+、Cu2+、Zn2+、K+对该酶有一定的抑制作用,其中Cu2+的抑制作用尤为明显。     

碱性电解水浸泡处理除农残特性研究

人与自然和谐相处,生态和经济可持续发展,是21世纪的主题。崇尚自然,维护环境,是现代绿色消费的潮流。随着电解水在农业领域的应用,电解水农业理念的提出,电解水肥系列产品的推出,在促进种子萌发与植物的光合作用,农作物的杀菌、驱虫,农副产品的防霉保鲜,以及提高农产品品质,对土壤酸、碱度的中和改良等作用明显,真正做到了“用自然的力量,创造健康的生活”,为中国绿色农业的发展开辟了新路径。     

Whistle signal variations among three Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin populations in the South China Sea: a combined effect of the Qiongzhou Strait's geographical barrier function and local ambient noise?

Geographic variations in the dolphin whistles could be useful in assessing association and isolation among populations. Whistle of free-ranging Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins (Sousa chinensis) among the Pearl River Estuary (PRE), Leizhou Bei (LZB) and Sanniang Bay (SNB) populations were investigated. A total of 2850 whistles with legible fundamental contour were extracted and 15 acoustic parameters were measured. Contrary to SNB, PRE and LZB had the same relative proportion of tonal type compositions with flat and sine representing the most frequent types. The generalized linear model analysis showed significant acoustic difference among populations and tonal types. All frequency parameters in SNB were significantly higher than those in PRE and LZB, where no significant variation was observed in most of the parameters either at the population level or within each tonal type. Canonical discriminant functions analysis showed a smaller difference between PRE and LZB than between PRE and SNB and between LZB and SNB. Compared with previous recordings, recent recordings demonstrated a consistent pattern of becoming higher in whistle frequency parameters in both LZB and SNB populations, suggesting that noise pollution in LZB and SNB increasing with time according to the acoustic niche hypothesis. Dolphin whistle's geographic variations could be shaped by the combined function of the geographical barrier function of the Qiongzhou strait and local ambient noise. Considering the isolated condition and the relatively smaller population size of the humpback dolphin in the SNB, more effective and proactive conservation actions should be taken to prevent the extinction of small populations.     

果蔬籽油生物活性研究进展

果蔬籽油是由果蔬籽经压榨或萃取工艺制得的植物油脂。果蔬籽油含有丰富的维生素、多不饱和脂肪酸、有机酸等活性成分,这些成分赋予了果蔬籽油抗氧化、抗癌、调节血脂和调节免疫系统等生物活性。本文综述了果蔬籽油生物活性的研究进展,旨在为果蔬籽油的综合开发和利用提供理论依据和指导。     

Characterization of Genomic Integration and Transgene Organization in Six Transgenic Rapeseed Events

To characterize the DNA rearrangement of both the T-DNA region and the genomic insertion site during T-DNA insertion, the Genomewalker strategy was used to isolate the junctions between the inserted DNA and the plant genomic DNA in six rapeseed events as well as the genomic DNA at the sites before integration. During transformation in each of the six events, portions of both the right border（RB） and left border（LB） regions of the T-DNA were deleted, ranging from a 7 nucleotide deletion of the LB repeats in event RF1 to a 207 bp deletion of the LB region in event RF2. For the six events, T-DNA integration resulted in a deletion at the target site spanning less than 100 bp. Sequence analysis indicated that the T-DNA was integrated into the coding region of various native rapeseed genes in events RF1 and RF2. Duplications of the genomic DNA target site were observed in events RF2, RF3 and Topas 19/2. And multimerization of transgenes was found in event Topas 19/2, in which, the T-DNA was integrated as a head-to-head（RB-to-RB） concatemer into the recipient genome. In event MS1, chromosomal translocation or a large target-site deletion may have occurred during T-DNA integration, which was identified due to a failure to amplify the presumptive insertion site based on the flanking rapeseed DNA sequences. Our results provide comprehensive data concerning transgene organization and the genomic context of the T-DNA in six rapeseed events, which can aid in the developing of insert fingerprinting and the monitoring of long-term genetic stability and potential unintended effects of transgenic events.     

不同产地红茶主要品质成分分析

通过收集国内外不同地区具有代表性的红茶茶样,对其进行感官审评与理化成分分析。结果表明,感官方面,国外红茶样整体水平优于国内红茶样品。内含品质成分方面,云南大叶种红茶水浸出物含量较高;氨基酸含量则均在3%~5%之间,差异并不明显;国外红茶样茶多酚平均含量高出国内红茶样2.66%;咖啡碱含量在2.35%~5.45%之间,其中产于斯里兰卡的两个红茶样高于其他地区红茶;国外红茶样茶黄素含量整体较高,茶红素以肯尼亚红碎茶含量最高,国内红茶样则是茶褐素含量普遍较高。     

内蒙古膜下滴灌棉花叶面肥施用效果

以中棉所50和天元1号为材料,以喷施清水为对照,通过田间试验研究了从蕾期到铃期6次叶面喷施1%(质量分数,下同)尿素、0.5%磷酸二氢钾、1%尿素+0.5%磷酸二氢钾3种叶面肥对内蒙古膜下滴灌棉花产量与品质的影响。结果表明,喷施叶面肥处理均比对照增产,皮棉增产幅度为6.0%~10.6%,喷施1%尿素+0.5%磷酸二氢钾处理增产效果最佳。叶面肥处理对棉花纤维品质无显著影响,施用1%尿素+0.5%磷酸二氢钾叶面肥处理棉花纤维上半部平均长度、断裂比强度优于对照。     

不同极性色谱柱在滇红香气成分分析中的对比研究

采用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)对滇红的香气成分进行富集,分别使用两种不同极性的色谱柱进行色谱分离,气质联用(GC-MS)检测分析,比较了非极性色谱柱HP-5MS和极性色谱柱CP-Wax对红茶香气成分分离效果的差异。结果表明,两种不同极性色谱柱对红茶香气成分的分离效果均表现良好,但分析结果存在一定的差异。因此在对红茶中不同的香气成分进行研究分析时,应根据分析目标的不同选择合适的色谱柱。