Destruction of Trichinella spiralis spiralis during the preparation of the "dry cured" pork products proscuitto, proscuittini and Genoa salami

Genoa salami, proscuittini and proscuitto were prepared from pork carcasses that were heavily infected experimentally with Trichinella spiralis spiralis. Genoa salami was prepared with salt concentrations of 2.0%, 2.75% and 3.3%. Proscuitto was prepared by two procedures approved by Agriculture Canada. At various times postpreparation, samples of the various cured products were taken and examined by pepsin digestion and rat bioassay for the presence of viable trichinae. Water activity and pH of the cured meat were also determined. Curing of the various products was shown to destroy the Trichinella larvae. Pepsin digestion revealed that larvae progressively became loosely coiled, uncoiled and more subject to digestion (ghost larvae) during the curing process. Rat bioassay revealed the presence of viable trichinae in the proscuitto prepared using a sodium chloride salt mixture at day 34 but not at day 48 postpreparation. All other bioassays carried out on Genoa salami between 13 and 42 days postpreparation, on proscuittini between days 27 and 69 and on proscuitto between days 34 and 69 were negative for viable trichinae. Under the conditions of this study, preparing Genoa salami with salt concentrations as low as 2% did not appear to affect the destruction of Trichinella larvae.     

果树授粉昆虫——紫壁蜂、凹唇壁蜂生物学研究

紫壁蜂、凹唇壁蜂喜在人工巢管内营巢,在果园中用芦苇管和纸管设巢可回收大量蜂种.它们均为一年一代.卵、幼虫、蛹在巢管内生长发育,成虫羽化后以滞育状态在茧内越冬.早春用0—4℃冰箱冷藏蜂茧,待果树开花前1周左右在园内释放.两种壁蜂访花范围是杏、樱桃、李、桃、梨、苹果等.壁蜂访花采蜜繁衍后代,同时提高了花朵坐果率及果品质量.两种壁蜂访花速度快、工作时间长、授粉能力强,因此成为我国北方果的优良授粉昆虫.     

肉牛添加剂的研究与应用

用本课题组研制的肉牛添加剂育肥体重230kg、330kg、400kg和530kg的肉牛，可使日增重分别提高25．5％、7．3％、25．4％和16.7％，效果显著（P＜0．05），可使饲料报酬最多提高25．8％（P＜0.05）；投入产出比最大为1：8，用该添加剂育肥高档肉牛时屠宰率可达57.2％，眼肌面积43cm2、皮下脂肪覆盖面积为优级，大理石状评分为优级。     

俄罗斯主要采脂树种——欧洲赤松松脂的化学组成

德国Ｗ．Ｌａｎｇｅ在研究不同地区来源的欧洲赤松松脂的化学组成时，曾按△~３－蒈烯含量不同，将它们分成中欧和南欧地区二类。本文研究俄罗斯境内的欧洲赤松松脂的组成，发现它与同纬度的中欧地区欧洲赤松松脂一样，含有较高数量的△~３－蒈烯。同时发现，在中国境内的欧洲赤松的２个变种──樟子松和长白松松脂中△~３－蒈烯含量也随纬度不同而有明显差别。     

高美施对平菇母种生长发育的影响

本试验是在ＰＤＡ培养丛中，添加不同浓度的高美施微肥，通过两个供试菌株的对比试验，选出了适宜各菌抹的最佳高美施生长浓度，结果，不同苗株在不同浓反的高美施培养基中的在现不一致。因此．在制种工作中，要根据平菇不同品种的特征特性来确定其最佳生长的营养条件。高美施在平菇母种制种技术上的应用在国内属首次报道。     

正反反复选择下近交对褐壳蛋鸡饲料利用率和繁殖性状的影响

本文估计了褐壳蛋鸡洛岛红(AA)和浅花苏赛克斯(BB)在正反反复选择(RRS)下的近交系数,分析了近交对选择标准饲料利用率及其相关性状和繁殖性状的影响。试验群体由两纯种及其正反交组合和相应的对照组组成。经过7个世代的RRS和近交试验,试验组AA和BB(括弧里为对照组1AA和1BB)用系谱材料计算出的平均累积近交系数分别为2.58％和3.23％(9.33和8.17%)或每代为0.43%(1.35%),用有效群体含量估计出的AA与BB的相应数值为2.91％与2.83％(5.84%与5.92％)或每代为0.42％(0.86％)。1％近交系数导致的孵化率和饲料利用率的近交衰退较严重(0.5％和0.4％),其次是产蛋性状(约0.3％),而体重和蛋重只有0.1％左右。在本研究中,通过连续7代的RRS与合适的留种率等措施,成功地将闭锁群体的近交系数控制在3%以下的低水平,消除或减轻了近交对饲料利用率等重要经济性状的不利影响。     

CHANGE OF SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS DURINGOXYGEN BLEACHING OF SULPHATE PULP

INTRODUCTIONAtpresent,oxygenbleachinghasbecomeanlndustrializedtechnolOgy.Uptol989,thistechnologyhadbeenusedin58paPerndlls,and50%ofthemwereinEuroPe,20%inNorthemAmencaand20%inJapan.Inrecentyears,severaloxygnbleachiofequiPmenthadbeenintroducedintoChina.Inaword,oxygenbleachinglsasuccessfulandenviron-mentallyaccePtableprocessfOrPulpbleaching.However,littleworkhadbeendevotedtounderstandingthefundamentalaspectsofthissysten1,sotherewaslittledetailedinfOrmationonthel11echanismsofoxygenbleachi…     

家蚕现行品种孤雌生殖的研究

运用温汤处理方法对 16个现行家蚕品种进行了孤雌生殖研究 ,调查了不同品种的孤雌生殖发生率 ,提出了适合现行蚕品种的诱导条件及使处女蛾自然产下较多的未受精卵再进行诱导的方法 ,并且初步选育了几个孤雌生殖系。