供水工程影响下中国北方地区耕地后备资源开发潜力

灌溉水源是北方地区耕地后备资源能否有效开发的关键。当前,中国正在推动国家水网工程规划建设,为北方地区耕地后备资源开发提供了新的机遇。在以往研究基础上,该研究考虑北方地区已建、在建及规划的供水工程,基于自然适宜、利用高效、发展稳定三方面评价准则,结合三维魔方空间分类方法,开展了雨养情景和供水灌溉情景下耕地后备资源开发潜力分析。结果表明：雨养农业情景下,北方地区勉强适宜（Ⅱ级）、中度（Ⅲ级）和高度（Ⅳ级）适宜的耕地后备资源面积分别为2.9万、1.0万和0.6万km²。灌溉农业情景下,耕地后备资源面积明显增加,勉强适宜（Ⅱ级）、中度（Ⅲ级）和高度（Ⅳ级）适宜的耕地后备资源面积将分别达到5.4万、7.6万和6.5万km²,主要集中于新疆、内蒙古和甘肃3省（自治区）。该研究结果可为中国耕地后备资源开发利用及国家水网工程效益发挥提供参考。     

新春祝辞

值此农历乙酉年新春佳节之际,我谨代表中国兽医药品监察所,向工作在全国兽药科研、生产、检验、销售一线的全体同仁,以及所有关心、支持和帮助我们工作的各位领导和朋友们拜年,并致以新春的祝贺!衷心地祝愿大家在新的一年里,工作顺利,身体健康,阖家幸福,万事如意!     

60Co辐射诱变姬松茸突变株J3子实体不同部位的氨基酸分析研究

测定并比较了60Co辐射诱变姬松茸突变株J3与原菌株J1子实体不同部位的氨基酸含量.结果表明,除菌柄和盖皮外,姬松茸突变株J3子实体其它部位的必需氨基酸、儿童氨基酸、硫氨酸、支链氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸、芳香族氨基酸和甜味氨基酸均高于原菌株J1.姬松茸突变株J3子实体中谷氨酸含量占氨基酸总量的比例分别比原菌株J1、α-酪蛋白和卵清蛋白提高34.88%、56.68%和122.32%.     

破壁蜂花粉对蛋鸡免疫功能及肠道菌群的影响

试验将槐花蜂花粉进行振动磨超微粉碎破壁,分别按1 g/kg、5 g/kg、10 g/kg三个不同剂量混到蛋鸡饲料中,从7日龄开始饲喂至50日龄,每个剂量分两个试验,试验一用新城疫Ⅳ系疫苗免疫雏鸡,利用β-微量法监测血清中的血凝抑制抗体效价的动态变化;试验二用大肠杆菌油乳苗免疫雏鸡,利用间接血凝法监测血清中大肠杆菌抗体效价的动态变化。分别定期称重捕杀取脾、胸腺、法氏囊,计算免疫器官指数,取肠道内容物计数大肠杆菌和乳酸菌,测定肠道内pH值。结果表明,不同剂量的破壁蜂花粉均能不同程度地提高病毒抗原性抗体效价和菌体抗原性抗体效价,对雏鸡免疫器官的发育以及肠道内环境、菌群的平衡也有一定影响。     

塔里木河流域生态环境恶化的水文效应

塔里木河是我国最大的内陆河。 4条源流出山口多年平均天然径流量 2 2 4 .9× 10 8m3 (195 7～ 2 0 0 1年 )。在全球变暖的大背景下 ,塔里木河流域山区气候出现变暖增湿的趋势 ,2 0世纪 90年代径流量达 2 4 1.9× 10 8m3 ,增幅 7.6 %。由于源流区人类开发利用水资源的影响 ,使得补给塔里木河干流的水量不断减少 ,水文条件改变 ,造成干流上、中游段耗水严重 ,导致下游生态与环境急剧退化。自 2 0 0 0年以来 ,实施的从开都河—博斯腾湖向下游绿色走廊应急输水 ,已使下游生态环境开始恢复生机。     

Bone marrow-derived stromal cells and cartilage tissue engineering

Articular cartilage repair is one of the most challenging issues which remains to be resolved in clinic work. Discovering of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) and its application in tissue engineering provide new methods for the treatment of cartilage defects. High seeding density, appropriate cytokines and three-dimensional culture play important roles in the process of inducing BMSC differentiating into chondrocytes, suitable scaffold is also essential in reconstructing cartilage in vitro by methods of tissue engineering.     

Effects of FK506 on anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis in rats

AIM:To investigate the effects of FK506 on anti-glomerular basement membrane(GBM) nephritis in rats. METHODS: Anti-GBM nephritis model was elaborated by rabbit anti-rat GBM antibody injection in SD rats in this study. The rats were divided into three groups: FK506 treated group(0.5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1, sc), untreated nephritis control group and normal control group. FK506 was administered daily six hours after injection of anti-GBM IgG. All the rats were observed urinary protein at the 4th day, the 14th day and the 21st day. At the same time, the kidney specimens were collected, and T cell transforming function was also monitored.RESULTS:Rats injected with rabbit anti-GBM Ab developed heavy proteinuria by 4 days, and serum creatinine and serum urea appeared which kept on the rising. Glmerular hypercellularity, crescents, and protein casts were observed in nephritic rats. By electron microscopy, the thickening of GBM and loss of foot processes were seen. T cell transforming function was higher than normal. But, all pathological changes obviously turned for the better in FK506 treated group. CONCLUSION:FK506 could inhibit the progression of rat anti-GBM nephritis.     

Effect of cilazapril on pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction in hypoxic rats

AIM:To study the effect of cilazapril on pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction in hypoxic rats. METHODS:The structure and function of endothelium in hypoxic rats were studied by biochemical analysis, radioimmunoassay, transmission electron microscope and correlated with hemodynamic. RESULTS:1) The change and damage of ultrastructure in endothelial cell (EC) were obsevered in hypoxic rats. 2) The contents of plasma nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in blood as well as endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity in the lung tissue were significantly lower in the hypoxic rat than those in contral animals. The concentrations of plasma endothelin-1(ET-1) and angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) as well as malondialdehyde(MDA) were significantly higher in the hypoxic rat than these in contral animals. The relaxing and contracting factors had a significant positive/negative correlation with mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP). 3) Cilazapril significantly decreased the level of ET-1 and ACE and significantly increased the level of NO and activity of eNOS and SOD. At the same time, cilazapril extenuated hypoxia-induced injuries of EC. CONCLUSION:The results indicate that damaging structure and dysfunction of EC existes in hypoxic rats. The cilazapril effectively preventes and treates the chronic hypoxic PH by relieving the injury and improving secretion in EC.     

达县分葱田甜菜夜蛾发生规律初步研究

采用系统调查方法研究了达县地区分葱田甜菜夜蛾的生活史、发生与环境的关系。甜菜夜蛾在达县分葱田1a发生6代,以三至五代为害最重,世代重叠。其数量消长与虫源、夏秋季气候、天敌、栽培管理等因素密切相关。通过调查分析提出本县初始虫源非本地虫源。     

利用RT-PCR与PVP-ELISA检测水稻瘤矮病单头叶蝉

 目前国内外对水稻瘤矮病毒(Rice gall dwarf virus,RGDV)的研究主要集中在其核衣壳蛋白和外衣壳蛋白的性质、结构及其与介体的亲和性、与介体传毒能力的关系等方面,本室在已有室内检测研究的基础上,利用RT-PCR和PVP-ELISA法对田间带毒叶蝉进行检测,并对2种方法的检测结果进行了比较。