Effects of astragaloside on the levels of sex hormone and oxidative stress injury in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome

AIM To investigate the effects of astragaloside on the levels of sex hormone and oxidative stress in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS）. METHODS Female SD rats （n=60） were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, Diane-35 （0.339 2 mg/kg） group, low dose astragaloside （12.5 mg/kg） group and high dose astragaloside （50 mg/kg） group, with 12 rats in each group. The PCOS model was induced by letrozole （1 mg/kg）, which was administered by gavage once a day for 3 weeks. After administration, the estrus cycle of the rats was observed by vaginal smear, and the ovarian index was calculated. HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of the ovaries. Serum levels of the sex hormones testosterone （T）, estradiol （E₂）, luteinizing hormone （LH） and follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH） were measured by ELISA. The levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, malondialdehyde （MDA） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） in serum and ovarian tissue were detected by colorimetry, and the protein levels of steroidogenetic acute regulatory protein （StAR） and apoptosis-related proteins cleaved caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in ovarian tissue were detected by Western blot. RESULT Compared with control group, the oestrous cycle of the rats in model group was disorder, and the ovarian index was increased, ovary was polycystic. The serum levels of T, LH and MDAwere significantly increased （P<0.05）, while the contents of E2, FSH and the activities of GSH-Px and SOD were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. The levels of MDA, StAR, cleaved caspase-3 and Bax proteins in ovarian tissue were significantly up-regulated （P<0.05）. GSH-Px and SOD activities and Bcl-2 protein levels were significantly down-regulated （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION Astragalosideeffectively balances the levels of sex hormone in PCOS rats and relieves the oxidative stress injury, the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of StAR expression.     

板栗壳色素的提取研究进展

板栗壳色素是一种天然色素,具有一定的抗氧化和抑菌作用。综述了板栗壳色素的理化性质,重点介绍了板栗壳色素的提取方法,展望了板栗色素的应用前景。     

评估师事务所内部利益现象的数学分析

围绕事务所内部较为典型的5种利益现象,建立了事务所和执业人员收益的数学模型,从建立的数学模型出发,对上述5种利益现象进行了经济学解释并提出了一些初步的对策及建议.     

Mechanism of RhoA on vascular reactivity following hemorrhagic shock in rats

AIM: To observe the mechanisms of RhoA on vascular reactivity following hemorrhagic shock (HS) in rats. METHODS: The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) in rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock was adopted to assay the vascular reactivity via observing the contraction initiated by norepinephrine (NE) with isolated organ perfusion system. Meanwhile, the effects of Rho kinase, myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP), myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) on RhoA regulating vascular reactivity were observed. The effects of RhoA agonist U-46619 and inhibitor C3 enzyme on the activities of Rho kianse, MLCP, MLCK and phosphorylation of MLC20 in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) with hypoxia were also measured. RESULTS: As compared to control group, the cumulative dose-response curves of SMA to NE at 2 h after shock shifted to the right, the maximal contractions (Emax) of NE was significantly decreased. RhoA agonist U-46619 increased the vascular reactivity in the late period of shock. C3 enzyme abolished U-46619 induced the increase in the contractile response of SMA to NE. Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 decreased U-46619-induced the increase in the vascular reactivity, MLCP inhibitor calyculin further promoted the increase in the vascular reactivity. However, MLCK inhibitor had no effect on the U-46619-induced change of vascular reactivity. After hypoxia, the activities of Rho kinase and MLCK, and the level of MLC20 phosphorylation were decreased, MLCP activity was increased. RhoA agonist U-46619 increased the activity of Rho kinase and phosphorylation of MLC20, decreased the activity of MLCP, but had no effects on MLCK activity. CONCLUSION: RhoA plays an important role in the regulation of vascular reactivity following shock. The mechanism is closely related to regulating the activities of Rho kinase and MLCP, and increasing the phosphorylation of MLC20 in VSMC.     

BL-SCFB-3型生物质快速热解装置的研发

能源和环境的双重压力,使得人类必须开发可再生能源,而生物质能是可再生能源中比较理想的选择在生物质能利用技术中,快速热解技术可将能量密度低的低品位的生物质转变为高品位能源,被认为是最具发展潜力的生物质能利用技术之一。目前,国内外关于快速热解技术的研究主要是以微量或者试验室小试水平为基础而开展的,对于中试和     

单生育期水分胁迫对温室葡萄根际土壤酶活性及微生物群落的影响

为明确单生育期水分胁迫对土壤酶活性和微生物群落结构的影响,选取5a生'红地球'鲜食葡萄为试验材料,采用单因素完全随机试验设计,以全生育期充分供水为对照(CK),依次在葡萄5个生育期分别设置轻度(M)和重度(S)两个水分胁迫水平进行大田试验,利用Illumina高通量测序技术分析土壤微生物的群落构成和多样性.结果表明:葡...     

PCR-RFLP技术检测新嘉兴黑猪氟烷基因

本试验随机抽取嘉兴地区部分猪场新嘉兴黑猪血样,通过PCR-RFLP技术进行氟烷基因检测,结果表明,37头新嘉兴黑猪基因型均为NN,未出现Nn和nn基因型。检测结果为新嘉兴黑猪品种资源保护及合理开发利用提供理论依据。     

德菲尔法构建重大动物疫病预警指标体系

[目的 ]构建重大动物疫病暴发流行预警指标体系。[方法 ]以禽流感和口蹄疫为例,采用文献调研法和德菲尔专家咨询法中的专家会议法初拟重大动物疫病预警体系的框架和指标;应用德菲尔专家咨询法评价预警指标的重要性、可操作性;应用组合权重法比较各指标综合影响的大小,并将指标分类。[结果 ]筛选出禽流感和口蹄疫预警预报一级指标6项(易感动物、饲养管理和免疫情况等)以及二级指标14项(免疫效果、环境消毒、温度等),并将指标分为三类(关键指标、重要指标和一般指标)。[结论 ]初步构建了重大动物疫病暴发流行预警指标体系。     

Multiple amino acid substitutions are involved in the adaptation of H9N2 avian influenza virus to mice

To explore adaptation of avian influenza virus to mice we previously performed serial lung-to-lung passages of the influenza A/Chicken/Jiangsu/7/2002 (H9N2) strain, resulting in the isolation of a variant influenza strain lethal for mice. We now report that virulence correlates with improved growth characteristics on mammalian cells and extended tissue tropism in vivo. Sequencing of the complete genomes of the wild-type and mouse-adapted viruses revealed 25 amino acid substitutions. Some were found to reiterate known substitutions in human and swine H9N2 influenza isolates. Functions affected include nuclear localization signals and sites of protein and RNA interaction, while others are known determinants of pathogenicity and host specificity such as the viral polymerase PB2 E627K substitution. These observations suggest that enhanced growth characteristics and modified cell tropism may contribute to increased virulence in mice. We conclude that multiple amino acid substitutions are likely to be involved in the adaptation of H9N2 avian influenza virus to mice.     

氨基葡萄糖调控仔猪初生重和均匀度的应用及机理

养猪生产中产（活）仔数和胎儿初生重是影响母猪繁殖生产效率的主要因素,但产仔数和初生重呈负相关关系,近年来母猪繁殖生产的研究重点之一便是如何提高仔猪初生重并降低初生重变异。氨基葡萄糖是一种饲料原料,其制作原料广泛存在于自然界中,近期研究发现氨基葡萄糖应用于母猪妊娠后期可调控仔猪的胎盘发育和初生重。文章介绍了近年来有关氨基酸和蛋白质、能量、功能性添加剂在调控仔猪初生重和均匀度中的应用及其效果,简述了氨基葡萄糖的性质、来源及合成方法,重点阐述了母猪妊娠后期使用氨基葡萄糖在维持胎儿果糖浓度稳定、促进母猪胎盘发育和改善胎盘功能等方面的效果,分析了氨基葡萄糖通过促进胎盘基质和胎褶双分子层发育、刺激胎盘滋养层细胞增殖、增强胎盘功能等途径调控胎盘发育、仔猪初生重和均匀度可能的机理;提出了氨基葡萄糖在调控仔猪初生重和均匀度方面未来的研究方向,以期为在生产实践中调控仔猪初生重和均匀度提供理论参考和实践依据。