Introduction of new traits into cotton through genetic engineering: insect resistance as example

The main goal of gene transfer into cotton is the development of insect-resistant varieties. The stakes are important since cotton protection against insects uses almost 24% of the world's chemical insecticides market, which is not without consequences on the environment. The first approach was to introduce and express in the cotton genome, genes from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) which produces entomopathogenic toxins. The development of an efficient Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation system was the first step. The expression of B.t. genes was studied and synthetic genes more adapted to a plant genome have been constructed. Studies on their expression in cotton is underway. The second focus was to develop strategies that would minimize the risks of inducing insect resistance. The main approach is to associate several genes coding for entomopathogenic proteins with different modes of action. Genes encoding protease inhibitors were chosen. One possibility is to associate a B.t. gene and a gene encoding a protease inhibitor. Several protease inhibitors were tested in artificial diets on major pests of cotton. The corresponding genes have been introduced into the cotton genome. These various orientations of the research program will be presented. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Spline Boundary Element Method for Calculating Three-Dimensional Electrostatic Fields

Based on [l].this paper presents a new spline-BEM for calculating 3-D electrostatic fields,in which bi-cubic B-splines are used as basis functions. The corner problem in BEM and the extreme conditions for splines are circumvented. The numerical results presented show that the global approximation .convergence and stability of the method are satisfactory.     

甘蔗不同熟期品种合理搭配与提高蔗糖分关系的研究

根据甘蔗不同熟期品种蔗糖分积累变化和高糖期出现迟早早存在差异的特点,应用其积累动态模拟模型,探讨不同品种搭配形式与提高蔗糖分的关系,从理论上阐明早,中,迟熟品种合理搭地延长高糖期和提高蔗糖分的作用,并给出品种搭配求算原则和方法,为糖厂确定不同期品种的种植比例,提高经济效率提供指导依据。     

Several Kinds of CommunicationStandards and IC Circuit Interface

The improvement of Data Communication has made the design of line driver,line receiver and other interface circuits complicated.In accordance with some communication protocols,this paper recommends several IC interface chips and their application in overcoming the influence of noise.     

水稻抽穗期控制候选基因的SNP/InDel多态性分析

抽穗期是水稻的一种重要农艺性状，但其遗传控制机理还不清楚。本文利用数据库搜索的方法，搜索并分析了30个与拟南芥光周期调控途径花期控制基因同源的水稻基因。利用水稻多态性数据库，得到了发生在这些基因以及Hd6、Ehd1、OsSOCl上的820个SNP及191个InDel位点。分析表明，这些位点不是平均分布到每个基因上。SNP／InDel含量较高的基因存在SNP／InDel的热点片段。14．1％的SNP位点，及7％的InDel位点分布在基因的编码区。本文也分析了侯选基因侧翼5Kb范围内的SNP／InDel多态性位点。按照侧翼多态性位点数目的分布可以将侯选基因分成4种类型，即两侧保守型、两侧热点型、单侧热点型、一侧热点一侧保守型。     

甘薯SRAP连锁图构建淀粉含量QTL检测

SRAP标记（sequence-related amplified polymorphism,序列相关扩增多态性）是由Li和Quiros发展了一种新的分子标记技术.SRAP标记具有简便、稳定、中等产率、在基因组中分布均匀的特点,已被广泛利用.本实验利用甘薯高淀粉品种绵粉一号与甘薯低淀粉品种红旗四号杂交F1代分离群体,根据淀粉含量,选择F1代分离群体中高、低淀粉含量极端类型材料各23个构成选择性基因型子群体.构建的连锁图包括21个SRAP标记和9个连锁群（母本4个连锁群,父本5个连锁群）.复合作图检测到1个淀粉含量QTL,红旗4号的加性效应增加淀粉6.37%,解释表型变异的20.1%.     

脱水青胡椒粉风味成分的研究

采用固相微萃取采集40目、60目和80目3种不同脱水青胡椒粉的挥发性成分,用气相色谱-质谱法分析鉴定,并用总离子流色谱峰的峰面积进行归一化定量分析其风味成分,共鉴定出石竹烯(18.43%~30.07%)、3-蒈烯(17.32%~21.84%)、β-派烯(7.61%~15.21%)、柠檬烯(3.28%~14.77%)、α-派烯(4.39%~9.61%)、石竹烯氧化物(2.13%~6.20%)、δ-榄香烯(3.32%~4.96%)和可巴烯(2.01%~2.63%)等34种化合物,而且脱水青胡椒粉粹程度越大,其挥发性成分中3-蒈烯和可巴烯的含量越大。     

南京园林植物根际土壤垫刃科线虫种类调查

为了查明南京园林植物根际寄生线虫种类及其分布情况,为有效防治线虫病害提供科学依据,2009年10月-2010年7月,笔者对南京栖霞区、江宁区、浦口区苗圃地的40种园林植物根际寄生线虫进行初步调查,根据形态特征和测量值鉴定出垫刃科线虫3个种,分别是普通丝尾垫刃线虫(Filenchus vulgaris)、香港丝尾垫刃线虫(Filenchus hongkongensis)和莫氏野外垫刃线虫(Aglenchus muktii)。其中,香港丝尾垫刃线虫和莫氏野外垫刃线虫为江苏省新记录种。     

基于无线传感器网络和WebGIS的墒情监测系统

为了解决墒情监测中便携式监测仪数据存储、发送困难及墒情实时监测和分析等问题,建立了基于无线传感器网络和WebGIS的墒情监测系统。系统以STC单片机为核心芯片,结合GPRS模块、GPS模块,通过无线传感器网络技术,实现土壤水分数据的实时监测及无线传送。建立了数据库,接收监测点数据。并以SuperMap IS.NET和SQL Server 2005为开发平台进行二次开发,将GIS技术与墒情监测结合起来,根据作物耕作深度、作物生长期对土壤含水量进行判断,得出墒情结果。实现墒情监测点信息、土壤含水量曲线图、等值线分布图在Web服务器上的显示。墒情监测系统的建立和使用,对农业生产有深远的意义。     

不同施肥配方对冬种马铃薯农艺性状和产量质量的影响研究

为进一步验证和优化马铃薯的施肥指标体系,以标准的“3414”试验作为试验方案,同时增加“2水平+有机肥”处理,以常规高产马铃薯栽培施肥作对照处理,共设16个处理,对马铃薯植株农艺性状进行测定。结果表明：试验各小区的马铃薯收获期植株农艺性状包括株高、生物鲜重、基茎粗、商品薯、商品率、理论产量、绿叶面积指数等显著差异,马铃薯理论产量与施肥量不成正比关系,最大差异高达129.30%,缺N的相对产量为69.88%,少施P的相对产量为112.16%,缺K的相对产量为95.79%,最佳施肥量为N、P、K配合为1:0.54:1.11（N=10.22、P=5.54;K=11.36）。试验结果还表明,试验区土壤中P含量已经较高,P的施用量对马铃薯产量影响不大,施肥的N、P、K三元二次方程为：Y=890.75+159.64N-74.68P+22.56K-4.96N2+6.73P2-0.01K2-2.53NP-2.20NK+2.02PK;按“3414”试验的结果,每公顷的最高施肥量为N：100.5 kg;P：52.2 kg;K：222.75 kg,这可为南方稻田冬种马铃薯高产栽培的“少P、追N、补K”施肥技术模式提供科学理论依据。