微灌系统均匀度的保证率分析

本文将可靠性理论引入微灌系统灌水质量的评价中。因为微灌灌水均匀度或出流均匀度作为评价灌水质量的指标,它受许多具有不确定性因素的影响,文中分析了这些不确定因素在一定的概率分布条件下微灌单元灌水均匀度的保证率或可靠度。在文献的基础上分析了在一定坡度下,微灌系统均匀度的保证率计算。     

非邻域相干系数估计的PolInSAR树高反演算法

为了提高全极化干涉合成孔径雷达树高反演精度,提出了一种基于非邻域窗口相干系数估计的Pol In SAR树木高度反演算法。该算法首先求取4对全极化干涉SAR图像的最优干涉相位图,再以局部窗口内像素的幅度和相位联合条件概率密度为准则选取与当前像素满足独立同分布的样本,进而获得相干系数的准确估计值,最后采用三段法进行树木高度反演。对仿真数据的处理结果表明,所提算法能够提高观测场景中树木高度的反演精度,并且能够很好地保持图像中的边界细节信息。     

超高压技术在粮食产品加工中的应用

超高压技术是一种非热加工技术,因具有杀菌、保持食品原有营养成分、护色等特点,在食品行业的应用已越来越广泛。目前,超高压技术在粮食产品加工方面的应用发展较快,随着对该技术研究的不断深入,其在粮食产品加工中所发挥的作用也越来越受关注。阐述了国内外超高压技术在粮食产品淀粉改性、蛋白质改性、成分提取、致敏性降低、贮藏(灭菌灭芽)等方面的研究进展,分析了各方面研究结果的意义、应用价值和前景,并对今后应重点关注的研究方向提出了建议。     

猪痢疾密螺旋体的冻干保存试验

将密螺旋体菌株(包括猪痢疾密螺旋体和无害螺旋体)接种于华农1或3号血液琼脂平板上,置CO_2:H_2=20:80的环境中和37℃下培养5天。选择生长最好的琼脂平板,每个加入3ml PBS(0.01mol,pH7.2),洗下培养物,集中后加入等容积的S. H. 保护剂并使成均一的悬液分装安瓿瓶。用Edwards EF03型冻干机进行冷冻真空干燥,在真空状态下密封安瓿瓶,冻干菌种保存于4℃冰箱或-10～-15℃冰盒中。保存期:用新鲜保护剂者为8-13个月;用干燥保护剂者为二年。     

用葡萄球菌甲蛋白协同凝集鉴别猪痢疾密螺旋体的研究

应用猪痢疾蜜螺旋体（Ｔ．Ｈ．）免疫血清结合葡萄球菌甲蛋白（ＳＰＡ）与Ｈ１０，２－５，Ｘ２３，Ｃ１７等Ｔ．Ｈ．菌株进行协同凝集试验，均出现明显凝集反应。而免疫血清结合不含ＳＰＡ的菌株，无特定病原（ＳＰＦ）血清结合含ＳＰＡ的菌株均无凝集反应。免疫血清结合ＳＰＡ与７种肠道菌均无凝集反应。免疫血清用量以０．２ｍｌ为合适。最低用菌量为３０倍稀释，即每个视野Ｔ．Ｈ．约４０个菌体。     

贯彻以人为本的思想,创造良好的人居环境

提出在城市的绿化、美化建设中,只有从当地的实际出发,坚持“以人为本”,追求人与自然的和谐发展,才能为市民营造舒适和宜人的环境,才能真正实现创建和谐型社会的目标。     

LED补光对水稻秧苗素质及其生理特征和产量的影响

采用发光二极管(light-emitting diode,LED)精确调制光谱能量,研究不同光质对水稻秧苗素质(株高、根长和鲜干重)和生理特征(内源激素、抗氧化酶、可溶性蛋白和丙二醛)的影响,探讨生理特征与秧苗素质和补光移栽后产量的耦合关系.水稻秧苗分别在5种光质下进行补光照射:R(100％红光),B(100％蓝光),...     

The Microstructure,Antibacterial and Antitumor Activities of Chitosan Oligosaccharides and Derivatives

Chitosan obtained from abundant marine resources has been proven to have a variety of biological activities. However, due to its poor water solubility, chitosan application is limited, and the degradation products of chitosan oligosaccharides are better than chitosan regarding performance. Chitosan oligosaccharides have two kinds of active groups, amino and hydroxyl groups, which can form a variety of derivatives, and the properties of these derivatives can be further improved. In this review, the key structures of chitosan oligosaccharides and recent studies on chitosan oligosaccharide derivatives, including their synthesis methods, are described. Finally, the antimicrobial and antitumor applications of chitosan oligosaccharides and their derivatives are discussed.     

餐厨垃圾堆肥对城郊菜田产量及氮利用的影响

为探讨餐厨垃圾堆肥对南方城郊菜田土壤氮素供应水平、叶菜类蔬菜产量及土壤残留和氮肥利用率的影响。以不施氮肥为对照(CK),在等氮量条件下,设置了传统化肥(NPK)、传统化肥+鸡粪(NPK+M)、餐厨好氧堆肥+化肥(NPK+FWA)、餐厨厌氧沼渣+化肥(NPK+FWD)4个处理,测定叶菜类蔬菜整个生育周期的土壤无机氮动态、产量、收获后剖面土壤氮素残留及表观氮素损失的变化。多茬试验结果表明:底肥施用后一周左右,NPK处理整体土壤无机氮供应水平高于NPK+M、NPK+FWA和NPK+FWD处理;追施氮肥后NPK+FWA处理土壤无机氮供应水平处于NPK和NPK+M两个处理之间,而NPK+FWD处理土壤无机氮略低于NPK和NPK+M处理;从总产量来看,NPK、NPK+M、NPK+FWA和NPK+FWD处理间无显著差异;而随着试验进行,与NPK+FWA和NPK+FWD处理相比,NPK和NPK+M处理产量明显增产20.1%～36.7%和17.8%～26.4%。从剖面土壤无机氮含量来看,餐厨垃圾堆肥部分替代化肥处理相比传统单施化肥和化肥配施鸡粪处理能够明显降低收获后表层土壤无机氮残留;从前四茬蔬菜总表观氮素损失来看,较高的氮肥投入带来了895.8～1041.2 kg/hm²的表观氮素损失量,各处理间无显著性差异;较高的氮肥投入及表观氮素损失导致小白菜季和空心菜季各处理当季氮肥利用效率分别仅有9.9%～16.7%和27.6%～37.6%。综上分析,在等氮量条件下,相比传统单施化肥和传统化肥配施鸡粪,餐厨垃圾堆肥氮替代30%化肥氮具有更好地协调土壤氮素供应和蔬菜作物吸收的作用,随着试验进行,餐厨垃圾堆肥部分替代化肥处理表现出增产趋势。但南方多雨地区餐厨垃圾堆肥还田具有较大的氮素损失风险,当季氮肥利用率偏低,今后需加强餐厨垃圾堆肥还田对土壤氮素综合损失的影响机制研究,并探索针对性的减排措施,为餐厨垃圾堆肥安全高效利用提供科学指导。     

Identification of QTLs Associated with Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv.Glycinea in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr)

Soybean bacterial spot disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv.Glycinea which is a bacterial disease seriously affects soybean yield.Ten soybean germplasms and recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population were used to identify the resistant trait after inoculated with P.sg (P.sgneau001) in this study.High-density genetic mapping was obtained by specific length amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) of 149 RILs population which was derived from the crossing between Charleston and Dongnong594.The results indicated that 10 germplasm resources had four resistant germplasms included highly resistant cultivar Charleston,four susceptible varieties included Dongnong594 and two moderately resistant cultivars.Five quantitative trait locus (QTLs) were detected in RILs population by the composite interval mapping (CIM) method,and located on Linkage Group (LG) D1b (chromosome two),LG C2 (chromosome six) and LG H (chromosome 12),respectively.LOD scores ranged from 2.68 to 4.95 and the phenotypic variation percentage was from 6% to 11%.Six candidate genes were detected,according to the result of gene annotation information.Four of them had relationship with protein kinase activity,protein phosphorylation and leucine rich repeat (LRR) transmembrane protein,which had high expression after inoculated with P.sg by qRT-PCR.