北京市猪肉市场供需及流通概况

本文分析了北京市食品消费结构、猪肉消费能力、生猪生产、猪肉供需缺口和流通,以及生猪屠宰布局规划等概况。其中对北京市猪肉消费、生产、流通等问题进行了详细分析。笔者认为随着经济的快速发展以及居民收入、消费水平地提高,北京市猪肉需求仍有较大增长空间,但由于北京城市发展规划及环保等方面原因,北京市猪肉生产仍将保持下滑,生猪生产将向周边转移,带动河北、辽宁等省生猪养殖业的发展。从而实现北京销区与周边产区产销流通,互利共赢,和谐发展。     

有机铬对奶牛的作用

奶牛在妊娠晚期、产奶早期、高温时期和运输过程中处于极度应激的状态下,生产性能、免疫力、繁殖性能均受到影响。近年来研究发现有机铬对缓解奶牛应激有显著的作用,本文将就此作一综述。     

走名牌兴饲之路

在2006年中国名牌评选中,饲料行业有16个产品荣登中国名牌榜。从此,结束了我国饲料产业没有名牌的历史。这是我国饲料行业的一件大喜事,一件振奋人心的大喜事。知我名牌爱我名牌名牌代表着质量,代表着水平。对产业来说,名牌是标志,是方向,也是鼓舞。产业的发展需要名牌的引领;同时,名牌也要宣传,也要行业乃至社会的了解和保护,因此,“知我名牌,爱我名牌”,不但是对消费者的希望,对企业、对社会,也是很必要的。饲料行业第一批荣获中国名牌称号的产品,应当受到表彰,让全行业、全社会都记住它们——禽饲料产品5个:山东六和集团有限公司生产的“…     

搜爆犬训练应把握好“四个奖励点”

在搜爆犬的初期训练中,为了尽快提高训练犬的兴奋性,培养出犬对训练物品的衔取欲和占有欲,对犬的奖励要做到充分、及时、准确,恰当地把握好强化的量、点和时机,以达到预期的训练效果.具体来讲,要注重做到以下"四个奖励点"的把握.     

Age‐related changes in semen quality characteristics and expectations of reproductive longevity in Duroc boars

Quadratic fitting was used to regress semen characteristics of 1441 samples consisting of 12‐month collection from 58 Duroc boars against animal age varied from 10 to 80 months. Data was divided into two groups of cool (14.0–22.7°C, RH 81.5%) and hot season (22.9–29.9°C, RH 86.6%), to test effects of age, season and their interactions. Results revealed that young boars of around 1 year old could endure the hot season. The endurance gradually diminished as animals grew. In the hot season animals exhibited peak performance at age around 33 month and it remained for 1 month, while cool‐season kept boars could last for 48 months from 16 months old onward. The reproductive longevity should be 51 month in a subtropical environment and it may extend to 70 month if heat stress can be avoided. The estimated total sperm contribution of a Duroc boar would be 1.8 times more when kept below 22°C than in a natural subtropical environment. It is concluded that to maintain Duroc boars as semen donor to at least 4 years of age is feasible in a subtropical environment and boar longevity could reach 6 years old if well kept in a temperate region.     

新引进国外牧草品种比较试验

为了适应我市奶业发展的需要，２０００年我们从国外新引进牧草品种４６个，第一批将９个冬季牧草品种在南平市大横现代农业科技园区引种园进行品种比较试验研究，现将这些品种试种、田间观察、考种测产及生产情况比较材料总结如下：１材料与方法１．１供试品种参试的牧草品种共有９个，即：白三叶（Trifoliumrepens）、紫花苜蓿（Medicagosativa）、多花甜皂角（Aeschynomenesp）、蒺藜草（Aesehynomenesp）、稷（Panicomcoloratum）、多花黑麦草（Loliumsp）、多年生黑麦草（Loliumperenne）、冬油菜（Kozepor）、春小黑麦（Narla）。…     

不同饲用燕麦品种生产性能的综合评价

基于熵权赋权法,运用灰色系统理论中的灰色关联度法对26个燕麦品种的生产性能进行综合评价,结果表明,生产性能综合表现较好的是初岛燕麦、青永久409、青永久709及青永久316;青永久18综合评价值最低,生产性能最差,其余品种生产性能表现一般。经逐步回归分析,发现其中的绿叶数、叶长、茎叶比、鲜干比、生长速度、叶面积指数、相对生长速率及生长天数8个指标对饲用燕麦生产性能贡献显著。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病毒VP2蛋白B细胞抗原表位预测

以鸡传染性法氏囊病毒VP2蛋白的基因组序列为基础,采用Garnier-Robson方法、Chou-Fasman方法和Karplus-Schultz方法预测VP2蛋白质的二级结构;用Kyte-Doolittle方案预测蛋白质的亲水性;用Emini方案预测蛋白质的表面可能性;用Jameson-Wolf方案预测氨基酸的抗原性指数。综合分析,预测VP2蛋白的抗原表位。通过以上几种方法预测IBDV病毒VP2蛋白的B细胞表位位于VP2蛋白N端3-10、30-45、77-84、150-157、197-206、211-222、278-288、298-303、315-325、376-381、386-394、403-411、415-425区段。     

Ectoparasites are the major causes of various types of skin lesions in small ruminants in Ethiopia

Ectoparasites are the major causes of skin lesions in animals. Clinical, skin scraping examination, and histopathological studies were conducted to identify and characterize skin lesions in small ruminants caused by ectoparasites. Mange mites, lice, sheep keds, and ticks were collected from the skin of affected animals for species identification. Skin biopsies were collected from affected part of the skin and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histopathology. Of 1,000 sheep and 600 goats examined, 815 (81.50%) sheep and 327 (54.5%) goats were infested with one or more types of ectoparasites. Sarcoptes scabiei var ovis, Demodex ovis, Psoroptes ovis, Bovicola ovis, Melophagus ovinus, and Amblyomma variegatum and other tick species were identified from sheep. S. scabiei var caprae, Demodex caprae, Linognathus stenopsis, and A. variegatum and other tick species were identified from goats. Gross skin lesions or defects observed on the skin include stained and ragged wool, loss of wool/hair, nodules, crusts, lichenification, and fissuring. Microscopic evaluation of H and E stained skin sections revealed lesions in the epidermal layer such as hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, and melanin inconsistency on the basal cells of the epidermis. Follicular keratosis, perifolliculitis, frunculosis, perivasculitis, and aggregates of inflammatory cells (of acute and chronic type) with fibrosis were experiential in the dermal layer of the skin. Most of the skin lesions caused by ectoparasites are overlapping. Thus, ectoparasites control program should be executed to reduce skin lesions as skins are the major export commodity of the country.     

达乌尔黄鼠染色体组型和G带分析

本文研究了达乌尔黄鼠东北亚种的骨髓细胞染色体组型和Ｇ－带带型。确定其染色体数为２ｎ＝３６，各染色体有其特有Ｇ－带带型。