盐酸返滴定法测定玉米脂肪酸值的可行性

为验证玉米脂肪酸值快速、简便、直观、准确的测定方法,以现行的国家标准GB/T 20570-2015《玉米储存品质判定规则》附录A中手工滴定法和电位滴定法为基础,采用盐酸返滴定法,对外观颜色相近的28个玉米样品及外观颜色明显差异的11个不同玉米品种的脂肪酸值进行测定。结果表明:28个外观颜色相近的玉米样品脂肪酸值手工滴定法与盐酸返滴定法的最小差为0.06 mg/100g,最大差为1.98mg/100g(小于2 mg/100g),2种方法测定脂肪酸值结果基本一致;二者的标准差分别在0.03～0.95mg/100g和0.11～0.82 mg/100g,RSD分别在0.22%～4.47%和0.62%～3.16%(RSD均小于5%),方法稳定性好。外观颜色明显差异的11个玉米品种脂肪酸测定值在手工滴定、电位滴定和盐酸返滴定3种方法间存在显著线性相关性(R2≥0.993)。盐酸返滴定法测定玉米脂肪酸值其精密度和稳定性均能满足测定要求,滴定速度快,终点颜色易判断,测定结果准确度高。     

An integrated rice panicle phenotyping method based on X-ray and RGB scanning and deep learning

Rice panicle phenotyping is required in rice breeding for high yield and grain quality.To fully evaluate spikelet and kernel traits without threshing and hulling,using X-ray and RGB scanning,we developed an integrated rice panicle phenotyping system and a corresponding image analysis pipeline.We compared five methods of counting spikelets and found that Faster R-CNN achieved high accuracy(R~2 of 0.99)and speed.Faster R-CNN was also applied to indica and japonica classification and achieved 91%accuracy.The proposed integrated panicle phenotyping method offers benefit for rice functional genetics and breeding.     

辽宁绒山羊CSN3基因PCR-RFLP多态性分析

本试验以辽宁绒山羊和内蒙古绒山羊为实验动物,采用PCR-RFLP技术对-酪蛋白基因(CSN3)片段的Ⅰ的酶切多态性进行分析,结果表明:辽宁绒山羊和内蒙古绒山羊2个山羊群体中均存在CSN3基因Ⅰ酶切位点的多态性,且均有A、B两个等位基因。辽宁绒山羊群体等位基因A和B的基因频率分别为0.46和0.54;内蒙古绒山羊群体中等位基因A和B的基因频率分别为0.31和0.69。CSN3基因Ⅰ酶切位点的基因型分布在辽宁绒山羊群体中极显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡定理(<0.01),在内蒙古绒山羊群体中符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定理(>0.05),但两个群体间存在显著差异(<0.01)。     

Uterine Expression of WNT7A and β-catenin After Induction of Oestrus in Sheep

WNT7A and β-catenin localisations and roles in regulating periimplantation ovine conceptus development under natural estrous conditions have been elaborated.However,their locations and expression patterns have not been reported under induction of oestrus.The localisation,expression and function of WNT7A and β-catenin in the uterine tissues of the early pregnant and non-pregnant sheep on days 10,12,14,16 and 18 following artificial induction of oestrus were investigated by means of in situ hybridisation,real-time RT-PCR,immuno-histochemistry and western blotting methods.WNT7A and β-catenin mRNA and protein were both restricted to the apical surfaces of the uterine luminal epithelium (LE) and glandular epithelium (GE).In pregnant sheep,protein localisation of WNT7A and β-catenin was observed both in the endometrial LE and GE.Their staining presented on day 10,increased between day 12 and day 16,and decreased on day 18.WNT7A and β-catenin mRNA and protein expression increased initially and then decreased from day 10 to day 18,peaking on day 16,and β-catenin reaching a peak on day 18 in the uterine tissues of pregnant sheep (p0.05).By contrast,no significant changes in WNT7A and β-catenin mRNA and protein expression levels were observed from day 10 to day 18 of the oestrus cycle in the uterine tissues of non-pregnant sheep (p0.05).Additionally,WNT7A and β-catenin mRNA and protein expression levels in the uterine tissues of the early pregnant sheep were significantly higher than those of non-pregnant sheep (p0.05).Treatment of endometrial epithelial cells with WNT7A increased the mRNA expressions of β-catenin,c-myc and Cyclin D1.These results provided an underlying mechanism of periimplantation ovine conceptus development under induction of oestrus.     

低温等离子体耦合Fe2O3催化剂去除粮食仓储环境中磷化氢

为了探究低温等离子体（Non-Thermal Plasma,NTP）耦合催化剂对粮仓中磷化氢（PH3）的去除效果,该文采用介质阻挡放电低温等离子体与催化剂耦合的反应装置,研究了NTP与Fe2O3催化剂耦合对PH3去除率的影响,并对耦合反应后的催化剂进行表征,分析产物及反应机理。结果表明,载体和催化剂与NTP耦合改变了NTP的放电状态,提高了PH3去除率;不同载体负载Fe2O3后,在输入功率超过53 W时,NTP与Fe2O3催化剂耦合对PH3去除率均高于无填充,Fe2O3/Al2O3与NTP耦合效果最好,去除效率达到了100%。耦合前后催化剂的表征结果表明,耦合反应之后,Fe2O3/Al2O3催化剂的比表面积降低了11.23%,Fe3+/(Fe2++Fe3+)含量提高了21.06%,Osur/(Olatt+Osur+Oads)含量减少了2.24%,Fe含量降低了4.69%,P含量增加了4.34倍。产物分析表明耦合后生成的主要产物为磷酸。研究结果表明NTP耦合Fe2O3/Al2O3催化剂具有很好的PH3去除效果,为粮食仓储行业去除磷化氢提供理论依据。     

基于稳定同位素特征与土壤性质的有机茶身份辨识研究

为探究云南普洱地区有机茶身份辨识特征,完善高原有机茶身份辨识技术,选取云南省普洱市的5个代表性有机种植认证茶园（ZX、LS、CYT、YS、HL）和相邻的5个常规茶园（C-1、C-2、C-3、C-4、C-5）,采集300余份茶叶和土壤样本,结合稳定同位素比例质谱仪、元素分析仪等测定茶叶和土壤的δ¹⁵N丰度、δ¹³C丰度、全氮、全碳、有机碳、碱解氮等指标,通过因子分析和判别分析的方法构建了有机茶叶同位素-土壤性质判别模型,并使用Holdout法进行验证。结果表明：不同茶园有机茶叶与相邻常规茶叶相比未表现出一致的δ¹⁵N,δ¹³C值差异规律,因此,使用单一稳定同位素因子难以鉴别有机茶。通过进一步对茶叶和土壤性质进行因子分析,筛选出6个适合判别的特征向量,构建了基于同位素特征和土壤性质的多元有机判别模型,其判别函数方程为：y=-0.081（茶叶δ¹⁵N）＋0.819（茶叶δ¹³C）＋0.093（土壤全氮）＋2.117（土壤全碳）－0.155（土壤有机碳）＋2.870（土壤pH）＋4.232,y<0.5为常规茶,判别准确度为92.3%。综上,基于同位素特征值和土壤性质参数指标构建的多元有机判别模型可实现云南省普洱市高原有机茶身份的准确判别。     

Putative virulence-related genes in Vibrio anguillarum identified by random genome sequencing

The genome of Vibrio anguillarum strain H775-3 was partially determined by a random sequencing procedure. A total of 2,300 clones, 2,100 from a plasmid library and 200 from a cosmid library, were sequenced and subjected to homology search by the BLAST algorithm. The total length of the sequenced clones is 1.5 Mbp. The nucleotide sequences were classified into 17 broad functional categories. Forty putative virulence-related genes were identified, 36 of which are novel in V. anguillarum, including a repeat in toxin gene cluster, haemolysin genes, enterobactin gene, protease genes, lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis genes, capsule biosynthesis gene, flagellar genes and pilus genes.     

江黄颡鱼人工繁育的初步研究

对江黄颡鱼人工繁殖和育苗进行了试验。以PG(鲤鱼脑垂体激素)、HCG(绒毛膜促性腺激素)等催产药物进行混合催产,水温24～26℃,效应时间为20～24h,产卵率为90%以上。采用等渗液稀释磨碎的精巢进行人工授精,用塑料网片着卵板粘卵,在孵化池内孵化,平均孵化率为87%。研究结果表明:江黄颡鱼在广西的适宜催产季节为4月中旬至6月底,工厂化育苗的饵料可用丰年虫和适口虾料来解决。     

暗纹东方鲀mtDNA的分离纯化及其细胞素b基因的分子克隆

利用改进的差速离心法和碱裂解法制备并分离纯化了暗纹东方纯mtDNA,测得分子大小为19．4Kb。用线粒体特异染色法跟踪和监测线粒体提取,结果表明,25000-35000g能获得90％以上的高得率。利用制备纯化的mtDNA,已首次克隆了暗纹东方纯细胞色素b基因(cytb)。     

海洋底部鱼类加工行业价值链提升与优化——基于山东省鱼类企业的调研

中国是水产品加工大国,近年来水产品加工业的发展受到国际环境及国内因素制约,比较优势逐渐下降。本文基于底部鱼类加工企业的实地调查数据,采用价值链分析方法,估算我国水产加工环节中的价值增量,分析加工业中存在的问题及其制约因素,进一步提出相应的改进措施,以提升我国底部鱼类加工业的竞争优势。